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Infectious mononucleosis
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===Medications=== <!-- Pain meds --> [[Paracetamol]] (acetaminophen) and [[non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug|NSAIDs]], such as [[ibuprofen]], may be used to reduce fever and pain. [[Prednisone]], a [[corticosteroid]], while used to try to reduce throat pain or enlarged [[tonsils]], remains controversial due to the lack of evidence that it is effective and the potential for side effects.<ref>National Center for Emergency Medicine Informatics - Mononucleosis {{cite web |url=http://www.ncemi.org/cse/cse0314.htm |title=Mononucleosis (Glandular Fever) |access-date=2009-09-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090515154323/http://www.ncemi.org/cse/cse0314.htm |archive-date=2009-05-15 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Rezk|first1=Emtithal|last2=Nofal|first2=Yazan H.|last3=Hamzeh|first3=Ammar|last4=Aboujaib|first4=Muhammed F.|last5=AlKheder|first5=Mohammad A.|last6=Al Hammad|first6=Muhammad F.|date=2015-11-08|title=Steroids for symptom control in infectious mononucleosis|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|volume=2015 |issue=11|pages=CD004402|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD004402.pub3|issn=1469-493X|pmid=26558642|pmc=7047551}}</ref> Intravenous [[corticosteroid]]s, usually [[hydrocortisone]] or [[dexamethasone]], are not recommended for routine use but may be useful if there is a risk of airway obstruction, a [[thrombocytopenia|very low platelet count]], or [[hemolytic anemia]].<ref name="WebMD">{{cite web |title=Infectious Mononucleosis |url=http://www.webmd.com/hw/infection/hw168622.asp |date=January 24, 2006 |website=WebMD |access-date=2006-07-10 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060706024151/http://www.webmd.com/hw/infection/hw168622.asp |archive-date=July 6, 2006 }}</ref><ref name="TGAntibiotic13">Antibiotic Expert Group. Therapeutic guidelines: Antibiotic. 13th ed. North Melbourne: Therapeutic Guidelines; 2006.</ref> <!-- Antivirals --> Antiviral agents act by inhibiting viral DNA replication.<ref name="pmid27933614" /> There is little evidence to support the use of antivirals such as [[aciclovir]] and [[valacyclovir]] although they may reduce initial viral shedding.<ref name="Torre1999">{{cite journal |author=Torre D, Tambini R |title=Acyclovir for treatment of infectious mononucleosis: a meta-analysis |journal=Scand. J. Infect. Dis. |volume=31 |issue=6 |pages=543–47 |year=1999 |pmid=10680982 |doi=10.1080/00365549950164409|last2=Tambini }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last1=De Paor|first1=M|last2=O'Brien|first2=K|last3=Fahey|first3=T|last4=Smith|first4=SM|title=Antiviral agents for infectious mononucleosis (glandular fever).|journal=The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews|date=8 December 2016|volume=2016|issue=12|pages=CD011487|pmid=27933614|doi=10.1002/14651858.CD011487.pub2|pmc=6463965}}</ref> Antivirals are expensive, risk causing resistance to antiviral agents, and (in 1% to 10% of cases) can cause unpleasant [[side effect]]s.<ref name="pmid27933614" /> Although antivirals are not recommended for people with simple infectious mononucleosis, they may be useful (in conjunction with steroids) in the management of severe EBV manifestations, such as EBV meningitis, peripheral neuritis, hepatitis, or hematologic complications.<ref name="pmid20739216">{{cite journal |vauthors=Rafailidis PI, Mavros MN, Kapaskelis A, Falagas ME |title=Antiviral treatment for severe EBV infections in apparently immunocompetent patients |journal=J. Clin. Virol. |volume=49 |issue=3 |pages=151–57 |year=2010 |pmid=20739216 |doi=10.1016/j.jcv.2010.07.008 }}</ref> <!-- Antibiotics --> Although antibiotics exert no antiviral action they may be indicated to treat bacterial [[secondary infection]]s of the throat,<ref name="Glandular fever">{{cite web | title = Glandular fever - NHS | url = http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Glandular-fever/Pages/Introduction.aspx | publisher = [[National Health Service (NHS)]] | date = 2010-09-09 | access-date = 2010-09-09 | url-status=live | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100908234618/http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/glandular-fever/pages/introduction.aspx | archive-date = 2010-09-08 }}</ref> such as with [[streptococcus]] ([[strep throat]]). However, [[ampicillin]] and [[amoxicillin]] are not recommended during acute [[Epstein–Barr virus]] infection as a diffuse rash may develop.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Tyring|first1=Stephen|last2=Moore|first2=Angela Yen|last3=Lupi|first3=Omar|title=Mucocutaneous Manifestations of Viral Diseases: An Illustrated Guide to Diagnosis and Management|date=2016|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=978-1-4200-7313-3|page=125|edition=2|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uAjLBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA125|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170911003200/https://books.google.com/books?id=uAjLBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA125|archive-date=2017-09-11}}</ref>
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