Editing Hapkido (section)

=== Kicking ===
[[File:Hkd-kby-kick.jpg|thumb|260px|A bidirectional kick.]]<br />
<!-- Deleted image removed: [[File:Stevesexton flying sidekick.gif|thumb|260px|A [[Flying kick|flying side kick]].]] -->

The wide variety of [[kick]]s in hapkido make it distinctly Korean. Taekwondo kicks appear to be similar to many of the kicks found in hapkido, though again circular motion is emphasized. Also, in contrast to most modern taekwondo styles, hapkido utilises a wide variety of low (below the waist), hooking or sweeping kicks, with one of the most distinctive being the low spinning (sweeping) heel kick.

Hapkido's method of delivery tends toward greater weight commitment to the strikes and less concern for quick retraction of the kicking leg. Traditionally, Choi Yong-sool's ''yu kwon sool'' ({{Korean|hangul=유권술|hanja=柔拳術|rr=yugwonsul}}) kicking techniques were only to the lower body, but most derived varieties of hapkido, probably as a direct influence from other Korean arts, also include high kicks and jumping kicks. At the more advanced levels of Hapkido the practitioner learns "blade kicks" which utilize sweeping blade strikes of the inner and outer foot against pressure points of the body.

Two of the earliest innovators in this regard were [[Ji Han-jae]] and [[Kim Moo-hong]], both of whom were exposed to what were thought to be indigenous Korean kicking arts. They combined these forms together with the yu sool concepts for striking taught to them by Choi and during a period of 8 months training together in 1961 finalized the kicking curriculum which would be used by the Korea Hapkido Association for many years to come.<ref name="Hapkido Bible"/>

Other influences also were exerted on the kicking techniques of important hapkido teachers. [[Kwon Tae-man]] (권태만) initially studied under Ji Han-jae before immigrating to southern California in the United States. [[Han Bong-soo]] studied under ''[[Gwonbeop]]'' ({{Korean|hangul=권법|hanja=拳法}}) and [[Shūdōkan]] [[karate]] from [[Yoon Byung-in]] (윤병인), whose students were influential in the later forming of [[Kong Soo Do]] and [[Taekwondo]] styles, specifically the [[Chang Moo Kwan]] and [[Jidokwan]]. He, like Kim Moo-hong, also trained briefly in the Korean art of [[Taekkyon]] under Lee Bok-yong (이복용).<ref>Walker, Byron, Reflections of a Master: Philosophies of Hapkido Stylist [[Han Bong-soo]]. ''Martial Arts and Combat Sports Magazine''. September 2001.</ref>

Many other teachers like [[Myung Kwang-sik]] (명광식), Jeong Kee-tae (정기태), Lim Hyun-soo (임현수), and many others trained in tang soo do and kong soo do, [[Shotokan]] and Shūdōkan karate based systems which predated and influenced the forming of first [[Tae Soo Do|tae soo do]] and later modern taekwondo styles.

Kim Sang-cook states that while many of the original yu kwon sool students were exposed to many different contemporary Korean arts the [[Chung Do Kwan]] was of particular importance in the transition from the original jujutsu based form to what we know today as modern hapkido.<ref>Hentz, Eric (editor). Article by Dick Morgan ''Interview With Grandmaster Kim Sang-cook''. ''Taekwondo Times'', November 2005. Tri-Mount Publications, Iowa 2005.</ref>

Most forms of hapkido include a series of double kicks used to promote balance, coordination and muscular control.

; An example of a double kick set
* Front Kick 
* Side Kick''';'''
* Front Kick 
* Back Kick ("Turning back-side Kick")''';'''
* Front Kick 
* Roundhouse Kick''';'''
* Front Heel/Hook Kick
* Roundhouse Kick''';'''
* Inverted Low Side Kick
* High Side Kick''';'''
* Inside Crescent Kick/Outside Crescent Kick (or Heeldown/Axe-Kick for both)
* Side Kick (or Inside Heeldown Kick and Side Kick)''';'''
* Outside Heel-down Kick
* Roundhouse Kick''';'''
* Ankle Scoop Kick 
* Side Kick''';'''
* Cover Kick 
* Front Kick''';'''
* Inside Heel Hooking-the-Thigh kick
* Front Kick''';'''
* High Spinning Heel Kick
* Low Spinning Heel Kick''';'''
* Inside Footblade Kick 
* Outside Footblade Kick''';'''
* Outside Heeldown Kick 
* Roundhouse Kick

After these kicks are mastered using one foot, the student moves on to jumping versions, alternating the kicking legs.

Kim Chong-sung (김종성, Jang Mu Won Hapkido Founder) was one of the oldest living active hapkido instructors, who maintains that the source of these kicking methods is from the indigenous Korean kicking art of [[Taekkyon]]. Others feel that these kicks are more representative of kong soo do and tang soo do styles which emerged from an adaptation of Japanese karate forms.