Editing Forging (section)

=== Forging of aluminium ===

* Aluminium forging is performed at a temperature range between 350–550&nbsp;°C
* Forging temperatures above 550&nbsp;°C are too close to the solidus temperature of the alloys and lead in conjunction with varying effective strains to unfavorable workpiece surfaces and potentially to a partial melting as well as fold formation.<ref>Doege, E.; Behrens, B.-A.: ''Handbuch Umformtechnik: Grundlagen, Technologien, Maschinen'', Springer Verlag, 2010, pp. 671f.</ref>
* Forging temperatures below 350&nbsp;°C reduce formability by increasing the yield stress, which can lead to unfilled dies, cracking at the workpiece surface and increased die forces

Due to the narrow temperature range and high thermal conductivity, aluminium forging can only be realized in a particular process window. To provide good forming conditions a homogeneous temperature distribution in the entire workpiece is necessary. Therefore, the control of the tool temperature has a major influence to the process. For example, by optimizing the preform geometries the local effective strains can be influenced to reduce local overheating for a more homogeneous temperature distribution.<ref>Stonis, M.: ''Mehrdirektionales Schmieden von flachen Aluminiumlangteilen'' (in German), In: Behrens, B.-A.; Nyhuis, P.; Overmeyer, L. (ed.): Berichte aus dem IPH, Volume 01/2011, PZH Produktionstechnisches Zentrum GmbH, Garbsen 2011.</ref>

==== Application of aluminium forged parts ====

High-strength aluminium alloys have the tensile strength of medium strong steel alloys while providing significant weight advantages. Therefore, aluminium forged parts are mainly used in aerospace, automotive industry and many other fields of engineering especially in those fields, where highest safety standards against failure by abuse, by shock or vibratory stresses are needed. Such parts are for example pistons,{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}} chassis parts, steering components and brake parts. Commonly used alloys are AlSi1MgMn ([[6082 aluminium alloy|EN AW-6082]]) and AlZnMgCu1,5 ([[7075 aluminium alloy|EN AW-7075]]). About 80% of all aluminium forged parts are made of AlSi1MgMn. The high-strength alloy AlZnMgCu1,5 is mainly used for aerospace applications.<ref>Richter, J.; Stonis, M.: ''Qualitätsverbesserung beim Aluminiumschmieden'' (in German), In Aluminium Praxis, Giesel Verlag GmbH, Volume 20 (2015), Issue 6/15, p. 20.</ref>