Editing Flight simulator (section)

=== Motion system ===
[[File:Hexapod general Anim.gif|thumb|upright|[[Stewart platform]]]]

Initially, the motion systems used separate axes of movement, similar to a [[gimbal]]. After the invention of [[Stewart platform]]<ref name="Stewart, 1965">{{cite journal |first=D. |last=Stewart |title=A Platform with Six Degrees of Freedom |journal=Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers |year=1965–1966 |volume= 180 |issue=1, No 15 |pages=371–386 |doi=10.1243/pime_proc_1965_180_029_02}}</ref> simultaneous operation of all actuators became the preferred choice, with some {{abbr|FFS|Full Flight Simulator}} regulations specifically requiring "synergistic" [[Degrees of freedom (mechanics)|6 degrees of freedom]] motion.<ref>Appendix 1 to CS FSTD(H).300, 1.2 Motion system, requirement b.1</ref> In contrast to real aircraft, the simulated motion system has a limited range in which it is able to move. That especially affects the ability to simulate sustained accelerations, and requires a separate model to approximate the cues to the human [[vestibular system]] within the given constraints.{{r|allerton2009|p=451}}
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Motion system is a major contributor to overall simulator cost,{{r|allerton2009|p=423}} but assessments of skill transfer based on training on a simulator and leading to handling an actual aircraft are difficult to make, particularly where motion cues are concerned.  Large samples of pilot opinion are required and many subjective opinions tend to be aired, particularly by pilots not used to making objective assessments and responding to a structured test schedule.  For many years, it was believed that 6 DOF motion-based simulation gave the pilot closer fidelity to flight control operations and aircraft responses to control inputs and external forces and gave a better training outcome for students than non-motion-based simulation.  This is described as "handling fidelity", which can be assessed by test flight standards such as the numerical Cooper-Harper rating scale for handling qualities. Recent scientific studies have shown that the use of technology such as vibration or [[G-seat|dynamic seats]] within flight simulators can be equally effective in the delivery of training as large and expensive 6-DOF FFS devices.<ref>{{cite conference | url=https://rosap.ntl.bts.gov/view/dot/8949 | title=Transfer of Training from a Full-Flight Simulator vs. a High Level Flight Training Device with a Dynamic Seat| author=Andrea L. Sparko|author2=Judith Bürki-Cohen|author3=Tiauw H. Go | year=2010 | conference=AIAA Modeling and Simulation Technologies Conference | doi=10.2514/6.2010-8218}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.aviationfocus.aero/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/Aviation-Focus-A-Summary-of-Studies-on-the-Effect-of-Motion-in-Flight-Simulators-Pilot-Training.pdf | title=A summary of studies conducted on the effect of motion in flight simulator pilot training | publisher=MPL Simulator Solutions | access-date=12 November 2019 | author=Peter John Davison}}</ref>