Editing Essex County, New Jersey (section)

==Transportation==
===Roads and highways===

[[File:2018-07-17 07 28 23 View south along New Jersey State Route 444 (Garden State Parkway) between Exit 153 and Exit 151, entering Bloomfield Township, Essex County from Clifton, Passaic County, New Jersey.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|[[Garden State Parkway]] South entering Essex County]]
{{As of|2010}}, the county had a total of {{convert|1667.98|mi}} of roadways, of which {{convert|1375.06|mi}} are maintained by the local municipality, {{convert|213.12|mi}} by Essex County and {{convert|60.68|mi}} by the [[New Jersey Department of Transportation]] and {{convert|19.12|mi}} by the [[New Jersey Turnpike Authority]].<ref>[http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/sldiag/mileage_Essex.pdf Essex County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction], [[New Jersey Department of Transportation]], May 2010. Accessed July 18, 2014.</ref>

Essex County is traversed by a number of highways. Three primary interstates and one auxiliary cross the county. This includes two long distance main interstates, one north–south [[Interstate 95 in New Jersey|Interstate 95]] (concurrent with the [[New Jersey Turnpike]] toll road) and one east–west [[Interstate 80 in New Jersey|Interstate 80]]. East-West [[Interstate 78 in New Jersey|Interstate 78]] also crosses the county. All of these only have interchanges in one municipality in the county, [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]] for I-95 and I-78 and [[Fairfield Township, Essex County, New Jersey|Fairfield]] for I-80. [[Interstate 280 (New Jersey)|Interstate 280]] passes through the county in a northeast–southwest direction and has exits in [[Roseland, New Jersey|Roseland]], [[Livingston, New Jersey|Livingston]], [[West Orange, New Jersey|West Orange]], [[Orange, New Jersey|Orange]], [[East Orange, New Jersey|East Orange]] and Newark, making it one of the most important roads for intracounty travel.

Essex County also has four U.S. Routes that cross it. [[U.S. Route 1/9|Route 1/9]] are [[Concurrency (road)|concurrent]] and a freeway throughout their length in the county. They pass through Newark from [[Elizabeth, New Jersey|Elizabeth]] in [[Union County, New Jersey|Union County]] to [[Kearny, New Jersey|Kearny]] in [[Hudson County, New Jersey|Hudson County]]. It crosses over the [[Passaic River]] on the [[Pulaski Skyway]], which bans trucks, so just before it leaves the county in the north [[U.S. Route 1/9 Truck|Truck 1/9]] splits for the traffic that is not allowed on the bridge. [[U.S. Route 1/9 Truck|Truck 1/9]] is also a freeway its entire length in the county. [[U.S. Route 22 in New Jersey|U.S. Route 22]] eastern terminus is in Newark the only municipality it crosses in the county. It is a freeway along it route in Essex County. It connects Newark with points to the east. The last U.S. Route in the county is [[U.S. Route 46]], which passes through [[Fairfield Township, Essex County, New Jersey|Fairfield]], where it is a major commercial road that parallels [[Interstate 80 in New Jersey|Interstate 80]].

The most important state road in the county is the [[Garden State Parkway]] which passes north–south through the county, connecting [[Union Township, Union County, New Jersey|Union Township]] in the south in [[Union County, New Jersey|Union County]] to [[Clifton, New Jersey|Clifton]] in the north in [[Passaic County, New Jersey|Passaic County]].<ref>[http://www.state.nj.us/transportation/refdata/sldiag/00000444__-.pdf#page=52 Garden State Parkway Straight Line Diagram], [[New Jersey Department of Transportation]], January 1997. Accessed August 25, 2014.</ref> It is a toll road, a freeway, and bans trucks of more than 7,000 pounds during its entire length in the county. It has one interchange in [[Irvington, New Jersey|Irvington]], one in [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]], two in [[East Orange, New Jersey|East Orange]], and four in [[Bloomfield, New Jersey|Bloomfield]].<ref>[http://www.state.nj.us/turnpike/our-roadways.html Travel Resources: Interchanges, Service Areas & Commuter Lots], [[New Jersey Turnpike Authority]]. Accessed August 25, 2014.</ref> Outside the county, it is the longest road of any kind in the state.

[[New Jersey Route 7]] is a major arterial road in [[Nutley, New Jersey|Nutley]] and [[Belleville, New Jersey|Belleville]]. It has two discontinuous sections. The southern section starts at an overpass for [[New Jersey Route 21|Route 21]] and passes over the [[Belleville Turnpike Bridge]] into border between [[Hudson County, New Jersey|Hudson]] and [[Bergen County, New Jersey|Bergen]] counties. The northern section starts at the [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]]/[[Belleville, New Jersey|Belleville]] border passes through [[Belleville, New Jersey|Belleville]] and [[Nutley, New Jersey|Nutley]] until in crosses into [[Clifton, New Jersey|Clifton]].

Other highways in the county include:
* [[New Jersey Route 10|Route 10]]
* [[New Jersey Route 21|Route 21]]
* [[New Jersey Route 23|Route 23]]
* [[New Jersey Route 24|Route 24]] (Only in [[Millburn, New Jersey|Millburn]])
* [[New Jersey Route 27|Route 27]] (only in [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]])
* [[New Jersey Route 124|Route 124]]
* [[New Jersey Route 159|Route 159]] (Only in [[Fairfield Township, Essex County, New Jersey|Fairfield]])
* [[Eisenhower Parkway]]

===Buses===
There are many buses that operate around the county, with [[NJ Transit]] (NJT) headquarters located just behind [[Pennsylvania Station (Newark)|Newark Penn Station]], a transit hub in the eastern part of the county.<ref>[http://www.njtransit.com/tm/tm_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=AnnualNoticeTo Annual Notice of Board Meetings] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171023064253/http://www.njtransit.com/tm/tm_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=AnnualNoticeTo |date=October 23, 2017 }}, [[NJ Transit]]. Accessed October 22, 2017. "Unless otherwise indicated, meetings will be held at NJ TRANSIT's Corporate Headquarters in Newark, New Jersey. The meetings will convene at 9:00 a.m. in the Board Room at NJ TRANSIT's Headquarters, One Penn Plaza East, Ninth Floor, Newark, New Jersey."</ref> There are two major bus terminals in the county, [[Pennsylvania Station (Newark)|Newark Penn Station]] and the [[Irvington Bus Terminal]].<ref>[http://www.njtransit.com/pdf/bus/Essex_County_Map.pdf Essex County System Map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191103053404/http://www.njtransit.com/pdf/bus/Essex_County_Map.pdf |date=November 3, 2019 }}, [[NJ Transit]]. Accessed October 22, 2017.</ref> [[Community Coach]], and [[OurBus]] operate buses from Essex County to the [[Port Authority Bus Terminal]] in [[New York City]]. Some of the [[NJ Transit]] bus lines follow former [[Tram|streetcar]] lines.

===Rail===
Essex County has a large rail network, but most train service is geared toward the heavily utilized Newark/New York City commute. All of the passenger rail lines in the county are electrified, although many trains that continue on to non-electrified lines use dual-mode or diesel push-pull locomotives.

====Commuter rail====
[[NJ Transit]] has five lines that make stops in the county. All of them stop at either [[Pennsylvania Station (Newark)|Newark Penn Station]] or [[Newark Broad Street station|Newark Broad Street Station]]. The [[Northeast Corridor Line]] from [[Trenton, New Jersey|Trenton]] with connections from [[Philadelphia]]'s [[30th Street Station]], [[Camden, New Jersey|Camden]], and [[Princeton Branch|Princeton]] has stops at [[Newark Liberty International Airport Station|Newark Airport]] and Newark Penn Stations before continuing to [[Secaucus Junction]] and [[Pennsylvania Station (New York City)|New York Penn Station]].<ref>[http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=NEC Northeast Corridor] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140712073924/http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=NEC |date=July 12, 2014 }}, [[NJ Transit]]. Accessed June 20, 2014.</ref> The [[North Jersey Coast Line]] from [[Bay Head station|Bay Head]] or [[Long Branch station (NJ Transit)|Long Branch]] also stops at Newark Airport and Newark Penn Stations before continuing to Secaucus Junction and New York Penn Station or [[Hoboken Terminal]].<ref>[http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=NJCL North Jersey Coast Line] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130723025516/http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=NJCL |date=July 23, 2013 }}, [[NJ Transit]]. Accessed June 20, 2014.</ref> The [[Raritan Valley Line]] from [[High Bridge station|High Bridge]] usually terminates in Newark Penn Station, but mid-day trains continue to New York and one eastbound morning train terminates at [[Hoboken Terminal]].<ref>[http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=RARV Raritan Valley Line] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015103641/http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=RARV |date=October 15, 2013 }}, [[NJ Transit]]. Accessed June 20, 2014.</ref>

The [[Montclair-Boonton Line]] from [[Hackettstown station|Hackettstown]] or [[Little Falls station|Little Falls]] has six stations in [[Montclair, New Jersey|Montclair]], one in [[Glen Ridge, New Jersey|Glen Ridge]], and two in [[Bloomfield, New Jersey|Bloomfield]] before reaching [[Newark Broad Street station|Newark Broad Street Station]] and continuing to [[Secaucus Junction]] and [[Pennsylvania Station (New York City)|New York Penn Station]] or [[Hoboken Terminal]].<ref>[http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=MNE Morristown Line] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023060244/http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=MNE |date=October 23, 2013 }}, [[NJ Transit]]. Accessed June 20, 2014.</ref> The [[Morris and Essex Lines]] from [[Hackettstown station|Hackettstown]] and [[Peapack station|Peapack-Gladstone]] has two stops in [[Millburn, New Jersey|Millburn]], one in [[Maplewood, New Jersey|Maplewood]], and two each in [[South Orange, New Jersey|South Orange]], [[Orange, New Jersey|Orange]] and [[East Orange, New Jersey|East Orange]] before reaching [[Newark Broad Street station|Newark Broad Street]] and continuing to [[Secaucus Junction]] and [[Pennsylvania Station (New York City)|New York Penn Station]] or [[Hoboken Terminal]].<ref>[http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=BNTN Montclair-Boonton Line] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101201025511/http://www.njtransit.com/rg/rg_servlet.srv?hdnPageAction=LineDetailsTo&selLine=BNTN |date=December 1, 2010 }}, [[NJ Transit]]. Accessed June 20, 2014.</ref>

====Light rail====
[[File:NewarkLightRailExt.jpg|thumb|upright=1.1|Broad Street station of Newark Light Rail]]
The [[Newark Light Rail]] is completely contained within the county. It has 17 stations in [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]], [[Belleville, New Jersey|Belleville]], and [[Bloomfield, New Jersey|Bloomfield]] and also operates out of [[Pennsylvania Station (Newark)|Newark Penn Station]]. It is composed of two lines: the [[Newark Light Rail|Newark City Subway]] and the Broad Street Extension.<ref>[https://d2g63oyneaimm8.cloudfront.net/sites/default/files/pdfs/light-rail/sf_lr_nlr_map.pdf Newark Light Rail System Map], [[NJ Transit]]. Accessed February 27, 2022.</ref>

The Newark City Subway is the only survivor of the many [[tram|street car]] lines that once crossed New Jersey, although it no longer uses street cars. It survived in part because it does not include [[street running]], instead following the abandoned [[Morris Canal]] right of way before going underground. It has one station in Bloomfield and one in Belleville on the old Orange Branch of the [[New York and Greenwood Lake Railway (1878–1943)|New York & Greenwood Lake Service]] of the Erie Railroad before entering Newark and turning onto the Morris Canal right of way. From there it follows Branch Brook Park before turning into downtown Newark as a subway. It has nine stops in Newark before terminating in Newark Penn Station.

The Broad Street Extension was built to provide connections between Newark Penn Station and Newark Broad Street Station and service to the waterfront of Newark. Leaving Penn Station, the line comes up from the subway and runs on streets or at grade for most of its length. It stops at [[NJPAC / Center Street (NLR station)|NJPAC/Center Street]], [[Atlantic Street (NLR station)|Atlantic Street]], and [[Riverfront Stadium (NLR station)|Riverfront Stadium]] before reaching Broad Street Station. From Broad Street it takes a different route stopping at [[Washington Park (NLR station)|Washington Park]] and NJPAC/Center Street before arriving at Penn Station.

====Rapid transit====
The [[PATH (rail system)|PATH]] also operates out of [[Pennsylvania Station (New York)|Newark Penn Station]]. It has direct service to [[Harrison, New Jersey|Harrison]], [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]], and [[Lower Manhattan]]. With a free transfer, the [[PATH (rail system)|PATH]] also provides service to [[Hoboken, New Jersey|Hoboken]], as well as [[Greenwich Village]], [[Chelsea, Manhattan|Chelsea]], and [[Midtown Manhattan]].<ref>[http://www.panynj.gov/path/maps.html PATH System Map] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101229153647/http://www.panynj.gov/path/maps.html |date=December 29, 2010 }}, [[Port Authority Trans-Hudson]]. Accessed June 20, 2014.</ref>

====Intercity rail====
[[Amtrak]] has two stations in the county, [[Pennsylvania Station (Newark)|Newark Penn Station]] and [[Newark Liberty International Airport|Newark Airport]], both on the [[Northeast Corridor]]. [[Pennsylvania Station (Newark)|Newark Penn Station]] has service on the only [[InterCity 125|high speed train]] in the [[Western Hemisphere]], the [[Acela Express]], to [[Boston]], [[Philadelphia]], [[Baltimore]], and [[Washington, D.C.]] [[Pennsylvania Station (Newark)|Newark Penn Station]] also offers services on the [[Cardinal (train)|Cardinal]] to [[Chicago]]; [[Carolinian (train)|Carolinian]] to [[Charlotte, North Carolina|Charlotte]]; [[Crescent (train)|Crescent]] to [[New Orleans]]; [[Keystone Service]] to [[Harrisburg, Pennsylvania|Harrisburg]]; [[Palmetto (train)|Palmetto]] to [[Charleston, South Carolina|Charleston]]; [[Pennsylvanian (train)|Pennsylvanian]] to [[Pittsburgh]]; [[Northeast Regional]] to [[Newport News, Virginia|Newport News]], [[Norfolk, Virginia|Norfolk]], and [[Lynchburg, Virginia|Lynchburg]]; [[Silver Star (Amtrak train)|Silver Star]] and [[Silver Meteor]] to [[Miami]]; and [[Vermonter (train)|Vermonter]] to [[St. Albans (city), Vermont|St. Albans]] all with intermediate stops. [[Newark Liberty International Airport|Newark Airport]] is served by Northeast Regional and Keystone Service trains.

====Monorail====
[[Newark Liberty International Airport]] has a monorail called [[AirTrain Newark]] that connects the terminals, four parking areas, and the [[Newark Liberty International Airport]] Station on the Northeast Corridor. The monorail is free except for service to and from the train station.<ref>[http://www.panynj.gov/airports/ewr-airtrain.html AirTrain Newark], [[Newark Liberty International Airport]]. Accessed June 20, 2014.</ref>

===Airports===
[[Newark Liberty International Airport]] is a major commercial airport located in the southeast section of the county in Newark and [[Elizabeth, New Jersey|Elizabeth]] in Union County. It is one of the New York Metropolitan airports operated by [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]]. It is a hub for [[United Airlines]]. It is also a leading cargo airport and is a hub for [[FedEx Express]] and [[Kalitta Air]].

The [[Essex County Airport]] in [[Fairfield Township, Essex County, New Jersey|Fairfield]] is a [[general aviation]] airport.<ref>[http://flycdw.com/ Home Page], [[Essex County Airport]]. Accessed June 20, 2014.</ref>

===Ports===
[[Port Newark-Elizabeth Marine Terminal]] is a major component of the [[Port of New York and New Jersey]]. Located on the Newark Bay it serves as the principal container ship facility for goods entering and leaving New York-Newark metropolitan area, and the northeastern quadrant of North America. It consists of two components – Port Newark and the Elizabeth Marine Terminal (sometimes called "Port Elizabeth") – which exist side by side and are run conjointly by the [[Port Authority of New York and New Jersey]]. The facility is located within the boundaries of the two cities of [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]] and [[Elizabeth, New Jersey|Elizabeth]], just east of the [[New Jersey Turnpike]] and [[Newark Liberty International Airport]].<ref>[http://www.pnct.net/ Home Page], Port Newark Container Terminal. Accessed June 20, 2014.</ref>

=== Bridges ===
Several important or noteworthy bridges currently or historically exist at least partially in the county. Most of them cross [[Newark Bay]] or the [[Passaic River]] into [[Hudson County, New Jersey|Hudson]] or [[Bergen County, New Jersey|Bergen]] counties. The [[Newark Bay Bridge]] carries [[Interstate 78 in New Jersey|Interstate 78]] over Newark Bay from Newark to [[Bayonne, New Jersey|Bayonne]] and is currently the most southern bridge crossing the bay. The [[Upper Bay Bridge]], a [[vertical-lift bridge]] located just north of the [[Newark Bay Bridge]], carries a freight train line over the bay from [[Newark, New Jersey|Newark]] to [[Bayonne, New Jersey|Bayonne]].

The [[PD Draw]] is an abandoned and partially dismantled railroad bridge across the Passaic River from Newark to [[Kearny, New Jersey|Kearny]]. The [[Lincoln Highway Passaic River Bridge]] carries [[U.S. Route 1/9 Truck|Truck 1/9]] across the Passaic River and is currently the southernmost crossing of the river before it reaches the bay. It is a vertical-lift bridge and was the route that the [[Lincoln Highway]] used to cross the river. The [[Pulaski Skyway]], the most famous bridge entirely in New Jersey, carries [[U.S. Route 1/9|Route 1/9]] across the [[Passaic River]], [[Kearny Point]], and the [[Hackensack River]] from Newark through [[Kearny, New Jersey|Kearny]] to [[Jersey City, New Jersey|Jersey City]].

The [[Point-No-Point Bridge]] is a railroad [[swing bridge]] that carries a freight line across the Passaic River between Newark and Kearny. The [[Jackson Street Bridge]] is a historic vehicular swing bridge across the Passaic from Newark to [[Harrison, New Jersey|Harrison]]. The [[Dock Bridge]], listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]] carries four tracks of the Northeast Corridor rail line and two tracks of the PATH on two vertical lift spans from Newark Penn Station to Harrison.

The [[New Jersey Route 158|Center Street Bridge]] is a former railroad, rapid transit, and road bridge connecting Newark and Harrison. The [[Bridge Street Bridge (Newark)|Bridge Street Bridge]] is another vehicular swing bridge across the Passaic from Newark to Harrison, as is the [[Clay Street Bridge]], a swing bridge that connects Newark and [[East Newark, New Jersey|East Newark]].