Editing Ernest Shackleton (section)

=== Early ===
[[File:Shackleton.jpg|thumb|upright=0.75|Shackleton statue by [[Charles Sargeant Jagger|C.S. Jagger]] outside the [[Royal Geographical Society]]|alt=See caption]]
Before the return of Shackleton's body to South Georgia, a memorial service with full military honours took place at Holy Trinity Church, Montevideo, and a service was held on 2&nbsp;March 1922 at [[St Paul's Cathedral]], London, at which [[King George&nbsp;V]] and other members of the royal family were represented.{{sfn|Fisher|Fisher|1957|pp=481–483}} Within a year, the first biography was published: [[#{{sfnRef|Mill|1923}}|''The Life of Sir Ernest Shackleton'']] by [[Hugh Robert Mill]].<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1923/06/17/archives/shackleton-in-search-of-adventure-and-fame-the-life-of-sir-ernest.html |title=Shackleton in Search of Adventure and Fame; THE LIFE OF SIR ERNEST SHACKLETON, Hugh Robert Mill. Boston: Little, Browm & Co. $5. |newspaper=The New York Times |date=17 June 1923 |at=Book Reviews, page 5 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240129225915/https://www.nytimes.com/1923/06/17/archives/shackleton-in-search-of-adventure-and-fame-the-life-of-sir-ernest.html |archive-date=29 January 2024}}</ref> As well as being a tribute to the explorer, this book was a practical effort to assist his family; Shackleton had died some £40,000 in debt (equivalent to £{{formatnum:{{Inflation|UK|40000|1922|r=0}}}} in {{Inflation-year|UK}}).{{Inflation-fn|UK|df=y}}{{sfn|Huntford|1985|p=692}}<ref name="Telegraph 2010-08-11">{{cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/7936609/Sir-Ernest-Shackleton-and-Karl-Marx-died-in-poverty-probate-records-show.html |title=Sir Ernest Shackleton and Karl Marx died in poverty, probate records show |last=Moore |first=Matthew |work=The Telegraph |date=11 August 2010 |access-date=10 February 2024 |url-status=live |archive-date=21 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421202936/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/7936609/Sir-Ernest-Shackleton-and-Karl-Marx-died-in-poverty-probate-records-show.html}}</ref> A further initiative was the formation of a Shackleton Memorial Fund, which was used to assist with his children's education and to support his mother.{{sfn|Fisher|Fisher|1957|p=485}}

Shackleton's death marked the end of the [[Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration]], a period of discovery characterised by journeys of geographical and scientific exploration in a largely unknown continent without any of the benefits of modern travel methods or radio communication. None of his voyages achieved its primary objective;<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://navyhistory.au/leadership-sir-ernest-shackleton-1874-1922/3/ |title=Leadership: Sir Ernest Shackleton – 1874-1922 |last=Taylor |first=Megan |journal=Naval Historical Review |date=December 2008 |access-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live |archive-date=17 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240217081534/https://navyhistory.au/leadership-sir-ernest-shackleton-1874-1922/3/ }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |url=https://opc.org/new_horizons/NH02/06d.html |title=God's Remarkable Providence |last=Obel |first=Michael A. |journal=New Horizons |date=June 2002 |access-date=16 February 2024 |url-status=live |archive-date=6 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211206214919/https://www.opc.org/new_horizons/NH02/06d.html}}</ref> over the ensuing decades, Shackleton's status as a polar hero was generally outshone by that of Scott, whose polar party had by 1925 been commemorated on more than thirty monuments in Britain alone, including stained glass windows, statues, [[Bust (sculpture)|busts]] and [[memorial tablet]]s.{{sfn|Jones|2003|pp=295–296}} A statue of Shackleton designed by [[Charles Sargeant Jagger]] was unveiled at the [[Lowther Lodge|Kensington headquarters]] of the RGS in 1932,{{sfn|Fisher|Fisher|1957|pp=486–487}} but public memorials to him were relatively few. The printed word gave much more attention to Scott—a forty-page booklet titled "Shackleton in the Antarctic", published in 1943 by [[OUP]] as part of a "Great Exploits" series, is described by cultural historian Stephanie Barczewski as "a lone example of a popular literary treatment of Shackleton in a sea of similar treatments of Scott". This disparity continued into the 1950s.{{sfn|Barczewski|2007|p=209}}

In the preface to his 1922 book ''[[The Worst Journey in the World]]'', [[Apsley Cherry-Garrard]] (who had accompanied Scott on the Terra Nova Expedition) wrote: "For a joint scientific and geographical piece of organisation, give me Scott; for a Winter Journey, Wilson; for a dash to the Pole and nothing else, Amundsen: and if I am in the devil of a hole and want to get out of it, give me Shackleton every time."{{sfn|Wheeler|2001|p=187}}<ref>{{cite book|title=The Worst Journey In The World, Antarctic 1910–1913, Volume One|last=Cherry-Garrard|first=Aspley|date=December 1922|url=https://archive.org/details/worstjourneyinwo01cher|page=viii|publisher=George H. Doran Company|location=New York}}</ref> This statement was paraphrased by one of Shackleton's contemporaries, Sir [[Raymond Priestley]], in his 1956 address to the [[British Science Association]], thus: "Scott for scientific method, Amundsen for speed and efficiency but when disaster strikes and all hope is gone, get down on your knees and pray for Shackleton."<ref>{{cite journal |url=https://www.nature.com/articles/178463a0 |title=Twentieth-Century Man Against Antarctica |date=1 September 1956 |last=Priestley |first=Raymond |journal=Nature |volume=178 |issue=4531 |pages=463–470 |type=supplement |doi=10.1038/178463a0 |bibcode=1956Natur.178..463P |s2cid=4169765 |url-access=subscription |access-date=2 February 2024 |archive-date=2 February 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240202193638/https://www.nature.com/articles/178463a0 |url-status=live }}</ref>