Editing Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (section)

=== Urogynaecological ===
Weakened connective tissues can lead to [[pelvic organ prolapse]] in female patients with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Blagowidow N | title = Obstetrics and gynecology in Ehlers–Danlos syndrome: A brief review and update | journal = American Journal of Medical Genetics. Part C, Seminars in Medical Genetics | volume = 187 | issue = 4 | pages = 593–598 | date = December 2021 | pmid = 34773390 | doi = 10.1002/ajmg.c.31945 | s2cid = 244076387}}</ref> Patients may also experience voiding difficulties, frequent [[urinary tract infection]]s, and incontinence due to structural abnormalities.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = McIntosh LJ, Stanitski DF, Mallett VT, Frahm JD, Richardson DA, Evans MI | title = Ehlers–Danlos syndrome: relationship between joint hypermobility, urinary incontinence, and pelvic floor prolapse | journal = Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation | volume = 41 | issue = 2 | pages = 135–139 | date = 1996 | pmid = 8838976 | doi = 10.1159/000292060}}</ref> [[Pelvic girdle pain]] is also frequently reported.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Kciuk O, Li Q, Huszti E, McDermott CD | title = Pelvic floor symptoms in natal women with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome: an international survey study | journal = International Urogynecology Journal | volume = 34 | issue = 2 | pages = 473–483 | date = February 2023 | pmid = 35751670 | doi = 10.1007/s00192-022-05273-8 | s2cid = 250022004}}</ref>

[[Menorrhagia]], [[dysmenorrhea]], and [[dyspareunia]] are common symptoms associated with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome<ref name="Hugon-Rodin_2016">{{cite journal | vauthors = Hugon-Rodin J, Lebègue G, Becourt S, Hamonet C, Gompel A | title = Gynecologic symptoms and the influence on reproductive life in 386 women with hypermobility type ehlers-danlos syndrome: a cohort study | journal = Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases | volume = 11 | issue = 1 | pages = 124 | date = September 2016 | pmid = 27619482 | pmc = 5020453 | doi = 10.1186/s13023-016-0511-2 | doi-access = free}}</ref> and are often mistaken for endometriosis.<ref name="Hugon-Rodin_2016" /> Excessive menstrual bleeding can sometimes be attributed to inappropriate platelet aggregation, but faulty collagen leads to weakened capillary walls which increase the likelihood of hemorrhage.<ref name="Kumskova_2023">{{cite journal | vauthors = Kumskova M, Flora GD, Staber J, Lentz SR, Chauhan AK | title = Characterization of bleeding symptoms in Ehlers–Danlos syndrome | journal = Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis | volume = 21 | issue = 7 | pages = 1824–1830 | date = July 2023 | pmid = 37179130 | doi = 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.04.004 | s2cid = 258203231}}</ref>

In cases of pregnancy, patients with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome are more likely to experience complications during [[parturition]].<ref name="Kumskova_2023" /> [[Post-partum hemorrhage]] and maternal injury such as sporadic pelvic displacement, [[hip dislocation]], torn and stretched ligaments, and skin tearing can all be linked to altered structure of connective tissues.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Pearce G, Bell L, Pezaro S, Reinhold E | title = Childbearing with Hypermobile Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome and Hypermobility Spectrum Disorders: A Large International Survey of Outcomes and Complications | journal = International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health | volume = 20 | issue = 20 | pages = 6957 | date = October 2023 | pmid = 37887695 | pmc = 10606623 | doi = 10.3390/ijerph20206957 | doi-access = free}}</ref>