Editing Creation science (section)

===Astronomy and cosmology===
====Creationist cosmologies====

Several attempts have been made by creationists to construct a cosmology consistent with a young Universe rather than the standard cosmological [[age of the universe]], based on the belief that Genesis describes the creation of the Universe as well as the Earth. The primary challenge for young-universe cosmologies is that the accepted distances in the Universe require millions or billions of years for [[speed of light|light to travel]] to Earth (the "starlight problem"). An older creationist idea, proposed by creationist astronomer Barry Setterfield, is that the speed of light has decayed in the [[Chronology of the universe|history of the Universe]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/c-decay.html |title=The Decay of ''c''-decay |last=Day |first=Robert |year=1997 |website=TalkOrigins Archive |publisher=The TalkOrigins Foundation, Inc. |location=Houston, TX |access-date=2014-09-18}}</ref> More recently, creationist physicist Russell Humphreys has proposed a hypothesis called "white hole cosmology", asserting that the Universe expanded out of a [[white hole]] less than 10,000 years ago; claiming that the age of the universe is illusory and results from [[general relativity|relativistic]] effects.{{sfn|Humphreys|1994|ps=}} Humphreys' cosmology is advocated by creationist organisations such as [[Answers in Genesis]]; however because its predictions conflict with current observations, it is not accepted by the scientific community.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CE/CE412.html |title=CE412: Fast old light |editor-last=Isaak |editor-first=Mark |website=TalkOrigins Archive |publisher=The TalkOrigins Foundation, Inc. |location=Houston, TX |date=February 6, 2006 |access-date=2012-07-01}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/astronomy/bigbang.html#humphreys |title=Evidence for the Big Bang |last1=Feuerbacher |first1=Björn |last2=Scranton |first2=Ryan |date=January 25, 2006 |website=TalkOrigins Archive |publisher=The TalkOrigins Foundation, Inc. |location=Houston, TX |access-date=2014-09-18}}</ref>

====Planetology====
{{see also|Planetary science}}{{Unreliable sources section|date=June 2024}}
Various claims are made by creationists concerning alleged evidence that the age of the [[Solar System]] is of the order of thousands of years, in contrast to the scientifically accepted age of 4.6 billion years.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.interacademies.net/File.aspx?id=6150 |format=PDF |title=IAP Statement on the Teaching of Evolution |author=IAP Member Academies |date=June 21, 2006 |website=[[InterAcademy Panel|IAP]] |publisher=[[TWAS|The World Academy of Sciences]] |location=Trieste, Italy |access-date=2014-09-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110929023534/http://www.interacademies.net/File.aspx?id=6150 |archive-date=September 29, 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It is commonly argued that the number of [[comet]]s in the Solar System is much higher than would be expected given its supposed age. Young Earth Creationists reject the existence of the [[Kuiper belt]] and [[Oort cloud]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Faulkner |first=Danny |date=December 1997 |title=Comets and the age of the solar system |url=http://creation.com/comets-and-the-age-of-the-solar-system |journal=Creation Ex Nihilo Technical Journal |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=264–273 |issn=1036-2916 |access-date=2010-03-31 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Sarfati |first=Jonathan |date=June 2003 |title=Comets—portents of doom or indicators of youth? |url=http://creation.com/cometsportents-of-doom-or-indicators-of-youth |journal=Creation |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=36–40 |access-date=2010-03-31}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=September 2020}} They also argue that the [[Lunar distance#Tidal dissipation|recession of the Moon from the Earth]] is incompatible with either the Moon or the Earth being billions of years old.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Sarfati |first=Jonathan |date=September 1998 |title=The Moon: The light that rules the night |url=http://creation.com/the-moon-the-light-that-rules-the-night |journal=Creation |volume=20 |issue=4 |pages=36–39 |access-date=2010-03-31}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=September 2020}} These claims have been refuted by planetologists.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CE/CE110.html |title=CE110: Moon Receding |editor-last=Isaak |editor-first=Mark |website=TalkOrigins Archive |publisher=The TalkOrigins Foundation, Inc. |location=Houston, TX |date=September 7, 2004 |access-date=2014-09-18}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.talkorigins.org/indexcc/CE/CE261.html |title=CE261: Old Comets |editor-last=Isaak |editor-first=Mark |website=TalkOrigins Archive |publisher=The TalkOrigins Foundation, Inc. |location=Houston, TX |date=September 30, 2000 |access-date=2014-09-18}}</ref>

In response to increasing evidence suggesting that [[Mars]] once possessed a wetter climate, some creationists have proposed that the global flood affected not only the Earth but also Mars and other planets. People who support this claim include creationist astronomer Wayne Spencer and Russell Humphreys.<ref>{{cite web |title=Water on Mars: A Creationist Response |url=http://creation.com/water-on-mars-a-creationist-response |last=Humphreys |first=D. Russell |date=August 1997 |website=Creation.com |publisher=Creation Ministries International |access-date=2007-02-14}}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=September 2020}}

An ongoing problem for creationists is the presence of [[impact crater]]s on nearly all Solar System objects, which is consistent with scientific explanations of solar system origins but creates insuperable problems for young Earth claims.<ref name="HovindsProofs">{{cite web |url=http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/hovind/howgood-yea.html#proof4 |title=How Good Are Those Young-Earth Arguments? |last=Matson |first=Dave E. |year=1994 |website=TalkOrigins Archive |publisher=The TalkOrigins Foundation, Inc. |location=Houston, TX |access-date=2008-08-11}}</ref> Creationists Harold Slusher and Richard Mandock, along with Glenn Morton (who later repudiated this claim<ref>{{cite web |url=http://home.entouch.net/dmd/publi.htm  |title=Publications by Glenn R. Morton |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120222001133/http://home.entouch.net/dmd/publi.htm |archive-date=2012-02-22 |access-date=2009-08-02 |quote=Comment: I no longer support the ideas in that book. The arguments are typical young-earth arguments which I have totally rejected as being totally fallacious.}}</ref>) asserted that impact craters on the Moon are subject to rock flow,<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kumagai |first1=Naoichi |last2=Sasajima |first2=Sadao |last3=Ito |first3=Hidebumi |date=February 15, 1978 |title=Long-term Creep of Rocks: Results with Large Specimens Obtained in about 20 Years and Those with Small Specimens in about 3 Years |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsms1963/27/293/27_293_155/_pdf |format=PDF |journal=Journal of the Society of Materials Science (Japan) <!-- |location=Kyoto |publisher=The Society of Materials Science, Japan --> |volume=27 |issue=293 |pages=155–161 |doi=10.2472/jsms.27.155 |issn=0514-5163 |access-date=2008-06-16 |doi-access=free }}</ref> and so cannot be more than a few thousand years old.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Morton |first1=Glenn R. |last2=Slusher |first2=Harold S. |last3=Mandock |first3=Richard E. |date=September 1983 |title=The Age of Lunar Craters |journal=Creation Research Society Quarterly |volume=20 |issue=2 |pages=105–108 |issn=0092-9166 }}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=September 2020}} While some creationist astronomers assert that different phases of meteoritic bombardment of the Solar System occurred during "creation week" and during the subsequent Great Flood, others regard this as unsupported by the evidence and call for further research.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Faulkner |first=Danny |date=April 1999 |title=A biblically-based cratering theory |url=http://creation.com/a-biblically-based-cratering-theory |journal=Creation Ex Nihilo Technical Journal |volume=13 |issue=1 |pages=100–104 |issn=1036-2916 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Spencer |first=Wayne R. |date=April 2000 |title=Response to Faulkner's 'biblically-based cratering theory' |url=http://creation.com/response-to-faulkners-biblically-based-cratering-theory |journal=Creation Ex Nihilo Technical Journal |volume=14 |issue=1 |pages=46–49 |issn=1036-2916 }}</ref>{{unreliable source?|date=September 2020}}