Editing Cervical cancer (section)

===By country===
There is an ethnic disparity in five-year survival in the United States. Average survival rates of the dominant squamous cell carcinoma are 72% for [[Hispanic and Latino Americans|Hispanic]] and [[Asian Pacific Americans|Asian-Pacific]] women, 68% for [[White people|White women]] and 61% for [[Black people|Black women]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Cohen |first1=Camryn M. |last2=Wentzensen |first2=Nicolas |last3=Castle |first3=Philip E. |last4=Schiffman |first4=Mark |last5=Zuna |first5=Rosemary |last6=Arend |first6=Rebecca C. |last7=Clarke |first7=Megan A. |title=Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Cervical Cancer Incidence, Survival, and Mortality by Histologic Subtype |journal=Journal of Clinical Oncology |date=December 1, 2022 |volume=41 |issue=5 |pages=1059–1068 |doi=10.1200/JCO.22.01424 |publisher=ASCO Publications|pmid=36455190 |pmc=9928618 }}</ref>

Regular screening has meant that precancerous changes and early-stage cervical cancers have been detected and treated early. Figures suggest that cervical screening is saving 5,000 lives each year in the UK by preventing cervical cancer.<ref name=chelp>{{cite web | title=Cervical cancer statistics and prognosis | url=http://www.cancerhelp.org.uk/help/default.asp?page=9260 | publisher=Cancer Research UK | access-date=24 March 2007 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070520092010/http://www.cancerhelp.org.uk/help/default.asp?page=9260 | archive-date=20 May 2007 }}</ref>
About 1,000 women per year die of cervical cancer in the UK.  All of the [[Nordic countries]] have cervical cancer screening programs in place.<ref name=Nygard2011>{{cite journal | vauthors = Nygård M | title = Screening for cervical cancer: when theory meets reality | journal = BMC Cancer | volume = 11 | page = 240 | date = June 2011 | pmid = 21668947 | pmc = 3146446 | doi = 10.1186/1471-2407-11-240 | doi-access = free }}</ref> The Pap test was integrated into clinical practice in the Nordic countries in the 1960s.<ref name=Nygard2011/>

In Africa, outcomes are often worse as diagnosis is frequently at a later stage of the disease.<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Muliira RS, Salas AS, O'Brien B | title = Quality of Life among Female Cancer Survivors in Africa: An Integrative Literature Review | journal = Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing | volume = 4 | issue = 1 | pages = 6–17 | date = 2016 | pmid = 28217724 | pmc = 5297234 | doi = 10.4103/2347-5625.199078 | doi-access = free }}</ref> In a scoping review of publicly-available cervical cancer prevention and control plans from African countries, plans tended to emphasize survivorship rather than early HPV diagnosis and prevention.<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = Dutta T, Meyerson B, Agley J |date=2018|title=African cervical cancer prevention and control plans: A scoping review|journal=Journal of Cancer Policy|volume=16|pages=73–81|doi=10.1016/j.jcpo.2018.05.002|s2cid=81552501}}</ref>