Editing Cato Institute (section)

===Presidential administrations===
Cato scholars were critical of [[George W. Bush]]'s [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] administration (2001–2009) on several issues, including education,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cato.org/store/books/feds-classroom-how-big-government-corrupts-cripples-compromises-american-education-paperback |title=Feds in the Classroom |first=Neal |last=McCluskey |publisher=Cato Institute |access-date=December 16, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121211064446/http://www.cato.org/store/books/feds-classroom-how-big-government-corrupts-cripples-compromises-american-education-paperback |archive-date=December 11, 2012 |url-status=dead }}</ref> and excessive [[government spending]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.downsizinggovernment.org/ |title=Downsizing the Federal Government |access-date=December 16, 2010 |archive-date=January 5, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200105235031/https://www.downsizinggovernment.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref> On other issues, they supported Bush administration initiatives, most notably health care,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa650.pdf |title=Yes, Mr. President, A Free Market Can Fix Health Care |first=Michael F |last=Cannon |date=October 21, 2009 |publisher=Cato Institute |access-date=November 20, 2010 |archive-date=November 15, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101115233552/http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa650.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Social Security (United States)|Social Security]],<ref>{{cite news |first=Mike |last=Allen |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A29418-2005Jan22.html |title=Semantics Shape Social Security Debate: Democrats Assail 'Crisis' While GOP Gives 'Privatization' a 'Personal' Twist |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=January 23, 2005 |page=A04 |access-date=August 25, 2017 |archive-date=January 7, 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180107165701/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A29418-2005Jan22.html |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=2943 |title=Cutting Corporate Welfare Could Fund a Bush Social Security Plan |first1=Andrew |last1=Biggs |first2=Maya |last2=Macguineas |publisher=CATO Institute |date=January 6, 2003 |access-date=October 25, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071117060325/http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=2943 |archive-date=November 17, 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[global warming]],<ref name="Michaels">{{cite web |url=http://www.cato.org/pubs/handbook/hb108/hb108-45.pdf |title=Global Warming |first=Patrick J |last=Michaels |work=Cato Handbook for Congress: Policy Recommendations for the 108th Congress |page=474 |access-date=July 4, 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120406104546/http://www.cato.org/pubs/handbook/hb108/hb108-45.pdf |archive-date=April 6, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[tax policy]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cato.org/publications/briefing-paper/show-me-money-dividend-payouts-after-bush-tax-cut |title=Show Me the Money! Dividend Payouts after the Bush Tax Cut |first1=Stephen |last1=Moore |first2=Phil |last2=Kerpen |publisher=Cato Institute |date=October 12, 2004 |access-date=July 4, 2012 |archive-date=June 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609100742/http://www.cato.org/publications/briefing-paper/show-me-money-dividend-payouts-after-bush-tax-cut |url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Guest worker program|immigration]].<ref name="reason">{{cite web |first=Daniel |last=Griswold |url=http://reason.com/archives/2004/12/03/beyond-the-barbed-wire |title=Beyond the Barbed Wire: Bush won a mandate for immigration reform |publisher=Reason.com |date=December 3, 2004 |access-date=August 21, 2013 |archive-date=January 17, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190117175821/http://reason.com/archives/2004/12/03/beyond-the-barbed-wire |url-status=live }} [http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/immigration-beyond-barbed-wire Cato's link] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609100528/http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/immigration-beyond-barbed-wire |date=June 9, 2012 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/america-needs-real-immigration-reform |title=America Needs Real Immigration Reform |first=Daniel |last=Griswold |publisher=Cato Institute |date=May 18, 2006 |access-date=July 4, 2012 |archive-date=June 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609100758/http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/america-needs-real-immigration-reform |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/illegal-immigration-will-congress-finally-solve-it |title=Illegal Immigration: Will Congress Finally Solve It? |first=Daniel |last=Griswold |publisher=Cato Institute |access-date=July 4, 2012 |date=May 22, 2007 |archive-date=June 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609100807/http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/illegal-immigration-will-congress-finally-solve-it |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/immigration-reform-must-include-temporary-worker-program |title=Immigration Reform Must Include a Temporary Worker Program |first=Daniel |last=Griswold |publisher=Cato Institute |access-date=July 4, 2012 |date=March 17, 2007 |archive-date=June 9, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120609100834/http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/immigration-reform-must-include-temporary-worker-program |url-status=live }}</ref>

During the [[2008 United States presidential election|2008 U.S. presidential election]], Cato scholars criticized both major-party candidates, [[John McCain]] and [[Barack Obama]].<ref>{{cite journal |last=Samples |first=John |title=McCain vs. Madison |journal=[[The American Spectator]] |date=January 15, 2008 |url=http://spectator.org/archives/2008/01/15/mccain-vs-madison |access-date=August 20, 2013 |publisher=The American Spectator Foundation |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130728044537/http://spectator.org/archives/2008/01/15/mccain-vs-madison |archive-date=July 28, 2013 |url-status=dead |df=mdy-all }} [http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/mccain-vs-madison/ Cato's link] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130507081220/http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/mccain-vs-madison |date=May 7, 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|last=Carpenter|first=Ted Galen|title=John McCain on Foreign Policy: Even Worse Than Bush|journal=Chronicles: A Magazine of American Culture|url=http://www.chroniclesmagazine.org/2008/07/07/john-mccain-on-foreign-policy-even-worse-than-bush/|date=July 7, 2008|publisher=[[Rockford Institute]]|access-date=August 21, 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120904145311/http://www.chroniclesmagazine.org/2008/07/07/john-mccain-on-foreign-policy-even-worse-than-bush/|archive-date=September 4, 2012|url-status=dead|df=mdy-all}} [http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/john-mccain-foreign-policy-even-worse-bush Cato's link] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121005174947/http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/john-mccain-foreign-policy-even-worse-bush |date=October 5, 2012 }}</ref>

Cato has criticized President Obama's stances on policy issues such as [[Stimulus (economic)|fiscal stimulus]],<ref>{{cite web|last=Mitchell|first=Dan|title=Obama's New Stimulus Schemes: Same Song, Umpteenth Verse|url=http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/obamas-new-stimulus-schemes-same-song-umpteenth-verse/|publisher=Cato @ Liberty|access-date=July 5, 2012|date=September 6, 2010|archive-date=August 1, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801043109/http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/obamas-new-stimulus-schemes-same-song-umpteenth-verse/|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Health care reform in the United States|healthcare reform]],<ref>{{cite news|last=Healy|first=Gene|title=Obamacare is unconstitutional|url=http://washingtonexaminer.com/article/33274|access-date=August 20, 2013|newspaper=Washington Examiner|date=November 24, 2009|archive-date=March 14, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140314180627/http://washingtonexaminer.com/article/33274|url-status=live}}, [http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/obamacare-is-unconstitutional Cato's link] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121113213639/http://www.cato.org/publications/commentary/obamacare-is-unconstitutional |date=November 13, 2012 }}</ref> [[Foreign policy of the United States|foreign policy]],<ref>{{cite web|title=Obama's War Without Policy in Libya|url=http://www.cato.org/multimedia/daily-podcast/obamas-war-without-policy-libya|access-date=July 5, 2012|date=March 25, 2011|archive-date=August 1, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120801224847/http://www.cato.org/multimedia/daily-podcast/obamas-war-without-policy-libya|url-status=live}}</ref> and drug-related matters,<ref name="WarOnDrugs">{{cite web|last=Hidalgo|first=Juan Carlos|title=Barack Obama: The Enthusiastic Drug Warrior|url=http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/president-obama-the-enthusiastic-drug-warrior/|access-date=July 5, 2012|date=November 7, 2011|archive-date=June 23, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623082413/http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/president-obama-the-enthusiastic-drug-warrior/|url-status=live}}</ref> while supporting his stance on the repeal of [[Don't Ask, Don't Tell]]<ref name="DADT">{{cite web|last=Preble|first=Christopher|title=Obama Right on "Don't Ask, Don't Tell"|url=http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/obama-right-on-dont-ask-dont-tell/|publisher=Cato@Liberty|access-date=July 12, 2012|date=March 25, 2010|archive-date=July 10, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710062515/http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/obama-right-on-dont-ask-dont-tell/|url-status=live}}</ref> and his support for the [[DREAM Act]] (though not for his implementing its terms through executive action).<ref name="Immigration">{{cite web|last=Shapiro|first=Ilya|title=One Cheer for Obama's New Immigration Policy|url=http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/one-cheer-for-obamas-new-immigration-policy/|publisher=Cato@Liberty|access-date=July 12, 2012|date=June 19, 2012|archive-date=June 20, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620093816/http://www.cato-at-liberty.org/one-cheer-for-obamas-new-immigration-policy/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Cato opposed [[Executive Order 13769]], which was enacted in January 2017, which decreased the number of refugees admitted into the United States and suspended entry to individuals whose countries do not meet adjudication standards under U.S. immigration law.<ref>{{Cite web |last= Greenwald |first= Glenn |author-link= Glenn Greenwald |date= January 28, 2017 |title= Trump's Muslim Ban Is Culmination of War on Terror Mentality but Still Uniquely Shameful |url= https://theintercept.com/2017/01/28/trumps-muslim-ban-is-culmination-of-war-on-terror-mentality-but-still-uniquely-shameful/ |website= [[The Intercept]] |access-date= January 31, 2017 |archive-date= June 27, 2017 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170627135554/https://theintercept.com/2017/01/28/trumps-muslim-ban-is-culmination-of-war-on-terror-mentality-but-still-uniquely-shameful/ |url-status= live }}</ref>

====Trade policy====
Cato advocates that policymakers must be constantly reminded of the benefits of free trade and the costs of protectionism, arguing free trade is the extension of free markets across political borders. It promotes the idea that enlarging markets to integrate more buyers, sellers, investors, and workers enables more refined specialization and economies of scale, which produce more wealth and higher living standards, and argues that Protectionism does the opposite. Cato's policy recommendations focus on congress and the administration pursuing policies that expand the freedom of Americans to participate in the international marketplace.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.cato.org/trade-policy|title=Cato on Trade|work=cato.org|access-date=October 13, 2021}}</ref>