Editing Castling (section)

==Castling in chess variants==
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[[Chess variant|Variants of Western chess]] often include castling in their rulesets, sometimes in a modified form.

In variants played on a standard 8×8 board, castling is often the same as in standard chess. This includes variants that replace the king with a different royal piece, as is the case with the knight in Knightmate. Some variants, however, have different rules; for example, in [[Chess960]], the king may move more or fewer than two squares (including none) when castling, depending on the starting position. Former world [[FIDE World Fischer Random Chess Championship 2019|Fischer Random Chess Champion]] [[Wesley So]] was confused by the castling rules during the 2022 championships, and attempted to illegally castle out of check versus [[Ian Nepomniachtchi]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fischer Random 2: Wesley So tries to castle illegally |url=https://chess24.com/en/read/news/fischer-random-2-wesley-so-tries-to-castle-illegally |access-date=2023-08-04 |website=chess24.com |language=en}}</ref>

Castling can also be adapted to variants with different board sizes and shapes. Some such variants, like [[Capablanca chess]] (10×8) or [[chess on a really big board]] (16×16), preserve the castling movement of the rooks, meaning that the king moves a different distance along the {{chessgloss|back rank}}. In a few variants, most notably [[Wildebeest chess]] (11×10), the player may choose to move the king any distance and move the rook accordingly.

Castling sometimes features in chess variants not played on a square grid, such as [[masonic chess]], [[triangular chess (game)|triangular chess]], [[hexagonal chess#Shafran's hexagonal chess|Shafran's]] and [[hexagonal chess#Brusky's hexagonal chess|Brusky's hexagonal chess]], and [[millennium 3D chess]]. In ''[[5D Chess with Multiverse Time Travel]]'', castling is possible within the spatial dimensions but not across time or between timelines.

Some chess variants do not feature castling, such as [[losing chess]], where the king is not {{chessprobgloss|royal piece|royal}}, and [[Grand Chess]], where the rooks have significantly more opening mobility.

In a [[Handicap (chess)|handicap]] game with rook odds, the player giving odds may castle with the absent rook, moving only the king.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://books.google.com/books?id=WOdYAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA74| title = The Chess Player| last1 = Walker| first1 = George| year = 1841| page=74}}</ref><ref name="Abrahams">{{citation | last = Abrahams | first = Gerald | author-link = Gerald Abrahams | title = Chess | publisher = English Universities Press | series = Teach Yourself Books | year = 1948 | page = 59 }}</ref>

===Chess without castling===
Writing in 2019, former world chess champion [[Vladimir Kramnik]] proposed a variant of chess without castling. This variant would reduce king safety, theoretically leading to more dynamic games, as it would be considerably harder to force a draw and the pieces would be forced to engage in a mêlée.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.chess.com/article/view/no-castling-chess-kramnik-alphazero|title=Kramnik And AlphaZero: How To Rethink Chess|last=Kramnik (VladimirKramnik)|first=Vladimir|website=Chess.com|date=27 November 2019 |language=en-US|access-date=2020-02-05}}</ref> In 2021, former world champion [[Viswanathan Anand]] defeated Kramnik 2½–1½ in a no-castling exhibition match under classical time controls.<ref>{{cite news |title=No-Castling Chess: Anand holds Kramnik, wins Sparkassen Trophy |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/sports/chess/no-castling-chess-anand-holds-kramnik-wins-sparkassen-trophy/articleshow/84525668.cms |access-date=27 July 2021 |work=The Times of India |date=18 July 2021}}</ref>