Editing Carmen (section)

==Adaptations==
[[File:Mlle Victoria Lepanto in Carmen (Pathe 1909).jpg|thumb|upright|{{ill|Vittoria Lepanto|it}} in ''Carmen'' (1909)]]
In 1883, the Spanish violinist and composer [[Pablo de Sarasate]] wrote a [[Carmen Fantasy (Sarasate)|''Carmen Fantasy'']] for violin, described as "ingenious and technically difficult".<ref>{{cite Grove|author1=Boris Schwarz|author2=Robin Stowell|title=Sarasate (y Navascuéz), Pablo (Martín Melitón) de|date=2001|id=24582}}</ref> [[Ferruccio Busoni]]'s 1920 piece, Piano Sonatina No. 6 (Fantasia da camera super Carmen), is based on themes from ''Carmen''.<ref>{{cite web|title= Busoni: Sonatina No. 6 (Chamber Fantasy on Themes from Bizet's Carmen)|url= http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/w/26359/Ferruccio-Busoni-Sonatina-No-6-Chamber-Fantasy-on-Themes-from-Bizet%27s-Carmen|publisher= Presto Classical|access-date= 5 June 2012|url-status= live|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141221190018/http://www.prestoclassical.co.uk/w/26359/Ferruccio-Busoni-Sonatina-No-6-Chamber-Fantasy-on-Themes-from-Bizet%27s-Carmen|archive-date= 21 December 2014}}</ref> The Russian pianist [[Vladimir Horowitz]] played his "[[Carmen Variations (Horowitz)|Variations on a Theme from ''Carmen'']]" (1926) throughout his career.<ref>{{AllMusic|class=composition|id=mc0002376416|author=Robert Cummings|title=Vladimir Horowitz: Variations on a Theme from ''Carmen''}}</ref> In 1967, the Russian composer [[Rodion Shchedrin]] adapted parts of the ''Carmen'' music into a ballet, the ''[[Carmen Suite (ballet)|Carmen Suite]]'', written for his wife [[Maya Plisetskaya]], then the [[Bolshoi Ballet]]'s principal ballerina.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|last1=Walker|first1=Jonathan|last2=Latham|first2=Alison|entry=Shchedrin, Rodion Konstantinovich|entry-url=https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/acref/9780199579037.001.0001/acref-9780199579037-e-6145|encyclopedia=Oxford Music Online|entry-url-access=subscription}} {{retrieved|access-date=13 August 2024}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine|last= Greenfield|first=Edward|author-link=Edward Greenfield|title=Bizet (arr. Shchedrin). Carmen – Ballet|magazine=[[Gramophone (magazine)|Gramophone]]|date=April 1969|page=48}}</ref>

In 1983 the stage director [[Peter Brook]] produced an adaptation of Bizet's opera known as ''La Tragedie de Carmen'' in collaboration with the writer Jean-Claude Carrière and the composer Marius Constant. This 90-minute version focused on four main characters, eliminating choruses and the major arias were reworked for chamber orchestra. Brook first produced it in Paris, and it has since been performed in many cities.<ref name="tragedie">[https://www.operanews.com/Opera_News_Magazine/2015/8/Reviews/NAPLES,_FL__La_Trag%C3%A9die_de_Carmen.html "''La Tragédie de Carmen''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160604183259/http://www.operanews.com/Opera_News_Magazine/2015/8/Reviews/NAPLES,_FL__La_Trag%C3%A9die_de_Carmen.html |date=4 June 2016 }}, Naples, Florida; Opera Naples, Arts Naples World Festival; ''[[Opera News]]'', 1 May 2015; accessed 13 April 2019</ref>

The character "Carmen" has been a regular subject of film treatment since the earliest days of cinema. The films were made in various languages and interpreted by several cultures, and have been created by prominent directors including {{ill|Gerolamo Lo Savio|it}} {{ill|Carmen (1909 film)|it|Carmen (film 1909)|lt=(1909)}}, [[Raoul Walsh]] (1915) with [[Theda Bara]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0005061/ |title=''Carmen'' (1915, Walsh) |publisher=[[IMDb]] }}</ref> [[Cecil B. DeMille]] (1915),<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0005060/ |title=''Carmen'' (1915, DeMille) |publisher=[[IMDb]] }}</ref> and ''[[The Loves of Carmen (1948 film)|The Loves of Carmen]]'' (1948) with [[Rita Hayworth]] and [[Glenn Ford]], directed by [[Charles Vidor]]. [[Otto Preminger]]'s 1954 ''[[Carmen Jones (film)|Carmen Jones]]'', with an all-black cast, is based on the 1943 [[Oscar Hammerstein II|Oscar Hammerstein]] Broadway [[Carmen Jones|musical of the same name]], an adaptation of the opera transposed to 1940s [[North Carolina]] extending to Chicago.<ref>{{cite news|last=Crowther|first=Bosley|author-link=Bosley Crowther|title=Up-dated Translation of Bizet Work Bows|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1954/10/29/archives/updated-translation-of-bizet-work-bows.html|access-date=13 August 2024|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=29 October 1954|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120515173323/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9805EEDD113FE33BBC4151DFB667838F649EDE|archive-date=15 May 2012}}</ref> ''[[The Wild, Wild Rose]]'' is a 1960 Hong Kong film which adapts the plot and main character to the setting of a Wanchai nightclub, including renditions of some of the most famous songs by [[Grace Chang]].<ref>{{cite web|url= https://miff.com.au/festival-archive/films/id/12238|title=The Wild, Wild Rose|access-date=21 Feb 2021|publisher=Melbourne International Film Festival|year= 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.avclub.com/tiff-2005-days-seven-and-eight-1798208685|year=2005|title=TIFF 2005: Days Seven and Eight|access-date=25 Feb 2021}}</ref> Other adaptions include [[Carlos Saura]] (1983) (who made a flamenco-based [[Carmen (1983 film)|dance film]] with two levels of story telling), Peter Brook (1983) (filming his compressed ''La Tragédie de Carmen'') and [[Jean-Luc Godard]] (1984).<ref name=Canby/><ref>{{cite news|last=Canby|first=Vincent|author-link=Vincent Canby|title=Screen: Godard's ''First Name: Carmen'' Opens|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/08/03/movies/screen-godard-s-first-name-carmen-opens.html|access-date=13 August 2024|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date= 3 August 1984|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160623230800/http://www.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9A0DE5D71638F930A3575BC0A962948260|archive-date=23 June 2016}}</ref> [[Francesco Rosi]]'s [[Carmen (1984 film)|film]] of 1984, with [[Julia Migenes]] and [[Plácido Domingo]], is generally faithful to the original story and to Bizet's music.<ref name=Canby>{{cite news|last=Canby|first=Vincent|author-link=Vincent Canby|title=Bizet's ''Carmen'' from Francesco Rosi|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/20/movies/bizet-s-carmen-from-francesco-rosi.html|newspaper=[[The New York Times]]|date=20 September 1984|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201053852/http://www.nytimes.com/1984/09/20/movies/bizet-s-carmen-from-francesco-rosi.html?pagewanted=all|archive-date=1 December 2016}}</ref> ''[[Carmen on Ice]]'' (1990), starring [[Katarina Witt]], [[Brian Boitano]] and [[Brian Orser]], was inspired by Witt's gold medal-winning performance during the [[1988 Winter Olympics]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0243164/ |title=''Carmen on Ice'' (1990) |publisher=[[IMDb]] }}</ref> [[Robert Townsend (actor)|Robert Townsend]]'s 2001 film, ''[[Carmen: A Hip Hopera]]'', starring [[Beyoncé Knowles]], is a more recent attempt to create an African-American version.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0274415/ |title=''Carmen: A Hip Hopera'' |publisher=[[IMDb]] }}</ref> ''Carmen'' was interpreted in modern ballet by the South African dancer and choreographer [[Dada Masilo]] in 2010.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/africa/11/02/south.africa.dada.masilo/index.html|title=Dada Masilo: South African dancer who breaks the rules|publisher=CNN|first=Robyn |last=Curnow|access-date=2017-11-04|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171107030655/http://edition.cnn.com/2010/WORLD/africa/11/02/south.africa.dada.masilo/index.html|archive-date=7 November 2017}}</ref>

The opera has been adapted at least twice in African films, as ''[[Karmen Geï]]'', directed by [[Joseph Gaï Ramaka]] in 2001,<ref>{{cite magazine |last=Harvey |first=Dennis |url=https://variety.com/2001/film/reviews/karmen-1200469727/ |title= Karmen |access-date=11 October 2023 |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |date= 27 September 2001}}</ref> and ''[[U-Carmen eKhayelitsha]]'', directed by [[Mark Dornford-May]] in 2005, and achieving the [[Golden Bear]] award of the [[Berlinale]] that year.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.berlinale.de/de/archiv/chroniken/2005.html |title=55. Internationale Filmfestspiele Berlin |access-date=11 October 2023 |publisher=[[Berlinale]] |language=de |date=2005}}</ref>