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== References == {{Reflist}} === Primary sources === {{Refbegin}} * {{Citation | last1 = Du Bois | first1 = W.E.B. | title = The Souls of Black Folk | year = 1903 | publisher = Bartleby | chapter-url = http://www.bartleby.com/114/3.html | chapter = Chapter III. Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others | url = https://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/40.html | access-date = October 14, 2020 | archive-date = August 11, 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200811021315/http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/40.html | url-status = live }}. * {{Citation | last1 = Washington | first1 = Booker T. | title = The Atlanta Cotton States Exposition Address | date = September 1895 | url = http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/39/ | series = History Matters | publisher = GMU | access-date = February 6, 2007 | archive-date = January 27, 2006 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20060127085119/http://historymatters.gmu.edu/d/39/ | url-status = live }}. * {{Citation | last1 = Washington | first1 = Booker T. | title = The Awakening of the Negro | journal = The Atlantic Monthly | volume = 78 | date = September 1896 | url = https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1969/12/the-awakening-of-the-negro/5449/ | author-mask = 3 | access-date = March 5, 2017 | archive-date = March 12, 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20100312013136/http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1969/12/the-awakening-of-the-negro/5449/ | url-status = live }} * {{cite book |last1=Washington |first1=Booker T. n |author-mask=3 |title=Up from Slavery: An Autobiography |publisher=Doubleday |year=1901 |location=Garden City, NY |url=http://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/washington/washing.html |access-date=October 31, 2009 |archive-date=February 23, 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100223005954/http://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/washington/washing.html |url-status=live }} Documenting the American South. Other online full-text versions available via [http://digital.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=2376 Project Gutenberg] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210125183426/http://digital.library.upenn.edu/webbin/gutbook/lookup?num=2376 |date=January 25, 2021 }}, [http://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/washington/menu.html UNC Library] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004120136/http://docsouth.unc.edu/fpn/washington/menu.html |date=October 4, 2020 }} * {{Citation |last1=Washington |first1=Booker T. |title=The Fruits of Industrial Training |magazine=The Atlantic Monthly |volume=92 |date=October 1903 |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1903/10/the-fruits-of-industrial-training/531030/ |author-mask=3 |access-date=May 14, 2020 |archive-date=July 27, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200727031221/https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/1903/10/the-fruits-of-industrial-training/531030/ |url-status=live }} * {{cite journal | last1= Washington | first1= Booker T. | author-mask= 3 | date= December 1906a | title= A Farmers' College on Wheels | journal= [[World's Work|The World's Work: A History of Our Time]] | volume= XIII | pages= 8352β54 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=3IfNAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA8352 | access-date= July 10, 2009 }} * {{cite journal |last1=Washington |first1=Booker T. |author-mask=3 |date=October 1910 |title=Chapters From My Experience I |journal=[[World's Work|The World's Work: A History of Our Time]] |volume=XX |pages=13505β22 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HsrkfU461xAC&pg=PA13505 |access-date=July 10, 2009 }} * {{cite journal |last1= Washington |first1= Booker T. |author-mask= 3 |date= November 1910 |title= Chapters From My Experience II |journal= [[World's Work|The World's Work: A History of Our Time]] |volume= XXI |pages= 13627β40 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Zm0AAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA13627 |access-date= July 10, 2009 }} * {{cite journal |last1= Washington |first1= Booker T. |author-mask= 3 |date= December 1910 |title= Chapters From My Experience III |journal= [[World's Work|The World's Work: A History of Our Time]] |volume= XXI |pages= 13784β94 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Zm0AAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA13783 |access-date= July 10, 2009 }} * {{cite journal |last1= Washington |first1= Booker T. |author-mask= 3 |date= January 1911 |title= Chapters From My Experience IV |journal= [[World's Work|The World's Work: A History of Our Time]] |volume= XXI |pages= 13847β54 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Zm0AAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA13847 |access-date= July 10, 2009 }} * {{cite journal |last1= Washington |first1= Booker T. |author-mask= 3 |date= February 1911 |title= Chapters From My Experience V |journal= [[World's Work|The World's Work: A History of Our Time]] |volume= XXI |pages= 14032β39 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Zm0AAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA14032 |access-date= July 10, 2009 }} * {{cite journal | last1= Washington | first1= Booker T. | author-mask= 3 | date= April 1911 | title= Chapters From My Experience VI | journal= [[World's Work|The World's Work: A History of Our Time]] | volume= XXI | pages= 14230β38 | url= https://books.google.com/books?id=Zm0AAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA14230 | access-date= July 10, 2009 }} * {{cite book|ref=none |last=Washington |first=Booker T. |editor-first1=Louis R. |editor-last1=Harlan |editor-first2=John W. |editor-last2=Blassingame |title=The Booker T. Washington Papers |publisher=University of Illinois Press}} Fourteen-volume set of all letters to and from Booker T. Washington. ** {{cite book |last1=Washington |first1=Booker T. |editor-first1=Louis R. |editor-last1=Harlan |editor-first2=John W. |editor-last2=Blassingame |title=The Booker T. Washington Papers |publisher=University of Illinois Press |year=1972a |isbn=978-0-252-00242-7 |chapter=Volume 1:The Autobiographical Writings |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4yTkxGiI4mkC }} ** {{cite book |last1=Washington |first1=Booker T. |editor-first1=Louis R. |editor-last1=Harlan |editor-first2=John W. |editor-last2=Blassingame |year=1972b |chapter=Volume 14: Cumulative Index |chapter-url=http://www.historycooperative.org/btw/Vol.14/html/ |publisher=University of Illinois Press |title=The Booker T. Washington Papers |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060818024631/http://www.ulletin.org/btw/Vol.14/html/ |archive-date=August 18, 2006 }} {{Refend}} === Secondary sources === {{Refbegin}} * {{Citation |last1=Anderson |first1=James D. |title=The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860β1935 |year=1988 |title-link=The Education of Blacks in the South, 1860β1935}}. * {{Citation |last1=Bauerlein |first1=Mark |author-link=Mark Bauerlein |title=Booker T. Washington and W. E. B. Du Bois: The origins of a bitter intellectual battle |journal=Journal of Blacks in Higher Education |volume=46 |issue=46 |pages=106β114 |date=2004 |jstor=4133693 |doi=10.2307/4133693 |url=http://www.karlerickson.com/uploads/1/0/9/5/10959412/booker_t._washington_and_w.e.b._du_bois.pdf |access-date=March 12, 2023 |archive-date=March 12, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312233209/http://www.karlerickson.com/uploads/1/0/9/5/10959412/booker_t._washington_and_w.e.b._du_bois.pdf |url-status=live }}. * {{Citation |last=Crouch |first=Stanley |author-link=Stanley Crouch|year=2005 |title=The Artificial White Man: Essays on Authenticity |publisher=Basic Books |isbn=978-0-465-01516-0}}. * {{Cite book |last1=Dagbovie |first1=Pero Gaglo |year=2010 |title=African American History Reconsidered |publisher=University of Illinois Press|location=Urbana |isbn=978-0-252-03521-0 |oclc=456551364}} * {{Citation |last1=Davies |first1=Vanessa |title=Booker T. Washington's Challenge for Egyptology: African-Centered Research in the Nile Valley |journal=Dotawo: A Journal of Nubian Studies |volume=Miscellanea |date=2023 |doi=10.5070/D60060622 |s2cid=257961196 |url=https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89x8s164 |doi-access=free |access-date=April 5, 2023 |archive-date=April 5, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230405233904/https://escholarship.org/uc/item/89x8s164 |url-status=live }}. * {{Citation |last1=Harlan |first1=Louis R. |author-link=Louis R. Harlan|title=The Secret Life of Booker T. Washington |journal=[[Journal of Southern History]] |volume=37 |issue=3 |pages=393β416 |year=1971 |jstor=2206948 |doi=10.2307/2206948}}. Documents Booker T. Washington's secret financing and directing of litigation against segregation and disfranchisement. * {{Citation |last1=Harlan |first1=Louis R. |title=Booker T. Washington: volume 1: The Making of a Black Leader, 1856β1901 |year=1972}}, the major scholarly biography. ** {{Citation |last1=Harlan |first1=Louis R. |title=Booker T. Washington; volume 2: The Wizard of Tuskegee 1901β1915 |year=1983 }}. * Heath, Robert L. "A time for silence: Booker T. Washington in Atlanta." ''Quarterly Journal of Speech'' 64.4 (1978): 385β399. * {{Citation |last1=Meier |first1=August |author-link=August Meier|title=Toward a Reinterpretation of Booker T. Washington |journal=The Journal of Southern History |volume=23 |number=2 |date=May 1957 |pages=220β27 |jstor=2955315 |doi=10.2307/2955315}}. Documents Booker T. Washington's secret financing and directing of litigation against segregation and disfranchisement. * Moore, Jacqueline M. ''Booker T. Washington, WEB Du Bois, and the struggle for racial uplift'' (Rowman & Littlefield, 2003) [https://books.google.com/books?id=mOcDxX0rhukC&pg=PR13 online]. * {{Citation |last=Norrell |first=Robert J. |date=2003 |title=Booker T. Washington: Understanding the Wizard of Tuskegee |journal=Journal of Blacks in Higher Education |volume=42 |issue=Winter |pages=96β109 |doi=10.2307/3592453 |jstor=3592453}} * {{Citation |last1=Norrell |first1=Robert J. |title=Up from History: The Life of Booker T. Washington |year=2009 |publisher=Belknap Press/Harvard University Press |isbn=978-0-674-03211-8 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/upfromhistorylif0000norr }}, favorable scholarly biography. * {{Citation |last1=Pole |first1=J. R. |title= Of Mr. Booker T. Washington and Others|journal=The Historical Journal |volume=17 |issue=4 |pages=883β893 |year=1974 |jstor=2638562 |author-link=Jack Pole |doi=10.1017/S0018246X00007962|s2cid=159805054 }}. {{Refend}}
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