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==== Marine geology ==== <!-- CAUTION: Phrase headings in a way that is both logical (first tectonic plates, then geology, geography, ecology, etc) and alphabetical. The choice of terminology is therefore important: pipe accordingly and mention alternative terms in the section lede. --> [[File:Bay of Bengal and Beach from Tenneti park.jpg|thumb|Bay of Bengal near [[Tenneti Park]], [[Visakhapatnam]].]] A zone 50 m wide extending from the island of Sri Lanka and the Coromandel coast to the head of the bay, and thence southwards through a strip embracing the Andaman and Nicobar islands, is bounded by the 100 fathom line of sea bottom; some 50 m. beyond this lies the 500-fathom limit. Opposite the mouth of the Ganges, however, the intervals between these depths are very much extended by deltaic influence.<ref name=EB1911>{{EB1911|wstitle=Bengal, Bay of|inline=1}}</ref> [[Swatch of No Ground]] is a 14 km-wide deep sea canyon of the Bay of Bengal. The deepest recorded area of this valley is about 1340 m.<ref>[http://drs.nio.org/drs/bitstream/2264/449/1/J_Indian_Geophys_Union_4_185.pdf Morphological features in the Bay of Bengal] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070614214602/http://drs.nio.org/drs/bitstream/2264/449/1/J_Indian_Geophys_Union_4_185.pdf |date=14 June 2007 }} URL accessed 21 January 2007</ref> The submarine canyon is part of the [[Bengal Fan]], the largest submarine fan in the world.<ref name=mpgCurray>{{cite journal|last=Curray|first=Joseph R.|author2=Frans J. Emmel|author3=David G. Moore|title=The Bengal Fan: morphology, geometry, stratigraphy, history and processes|journal=[[Marine and Petroleum Geology]]|date=December 2002|volume=19|issue=10|pages=1191β1223|doi=10.1016/S0264-8172(03)00035-7|publisher=Elsevier Science Ltd|bibcode=2002MarPG..19.1191C }}</ref><ref name="whoi-bf-mar2000">{{cite web|last=France-Lanord|first=Christian|title=Summary on the Bengal Fan: An introduction to a drilling proposal|url=http://www.whoi.edu/pclift/BengalSummary.pdf|publisher=Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution|author2=Volkhard Spiess|author3=Peter Molnar|author4=Joseph R. Curray|date=March 2000|access-date=16 September 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111005095805/http://www.whoi.edu/pclift/BengalSummary.pdf|archive-date=5 October 2011}}</ref>
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