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===After World War II=== *[[First Indochina War]] (1946-1954) and [[Algerian War of Independence]] (1954-1962); both against France *The [[Cuban Revolution]] of 1953-1958 became a template of asymmetric warfare.<ref> {{cite book | last1=Lawson | first1=George | chapter=Revolutionary Trajectories: Cuba and South Africa | title=Anatomies of Revolution | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JjGdDwAAQBAJ | location=Cambridge | publisher=Cambridge University Press | date=2019 | page=149 | isbn=9781108482684 | access-date=2020-04-03 | quote=Like many other radical groups in southern Africa, the ANC was deeply influenced by the Cuban Revolution, in part because of its successful use of asymmetrical warfare, in part because of its transition from a grassroots, nationalist insurgency into a people's war, and in part because of the organic link made by Cuban revolutionaries between its political and military wings [...].}}</ref> *The [[Hungarian Revolution of 1956]] (or "Russo-Hungarian" war<ref> {{cite book | last1=Arreguín-Toft | first1=Ivan | title=How the Weak Win Wars: A Theory of Asymmetric Conflict | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8MzLCgAAQBAJ | series=Cambridge Studies in International Relations | volume=99 | location=Cambridge | publisher=Cambridge University Press | date=2005 | page=232 | isbn=9781316583005 | access-date=2020-04-03 | quote=Table App.1}}</ref>) saw makeshift forces improvising lopsided tactics against Soviet tanks. *[[Provisional Irish Republican Army arms importation|Libyan support]] to the [[Provisional Irish Republican Army]] during [[the Troubles]] (1960s to 1998) and collusion between British security forces and [[Ulster loyalism|Ulster loyalist]] paramilitaries. *[[Studies and Observations Group|United States Military Assistance Command Studies and Observations Group (US MAC-V SOG)]] (1964-1972) and [[Viet Cong]] in [[Vietnam]]. *The [[South African Border War]], otherwise known as the Namibian War of Independence (1966-1990) between the [[South African Defence Force|South African Defense Force]] and [[People's Liberation Army of Namibia]]. *United States support of the [[Nicaragua]]n [[Contras]] (1979-1990). ====Cold War (1945–1992) ==== The end of [[World War II]] established the two strongest victors, the [[United States of America]] (the United States, or just the U.S.) and the [[Soviet Union|Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]] (USSR, or just the Soviet Union) as the two dominant global [[superpower]]s. =====Cold War examples of proxy wars===== {{see also|Proxy war}} In Southeast Asia, specifically Vietnam, the [[Viet Minh]], [[Viet Cong|NLF]] and other insurgencies engaged in asymmetrical guerrilla warfare with [[French Fourth Republic|France]]. The war between the [[Afghan mujahideen|Mujahideen]] and the [[Soviet Armed Forces]] during the [[Soviet–Afghan War]] of 1979 to 1989, though claimed as a source of the term "asymmetric warfare,"<ref>Chris Bray, ''The Media and GI Joe'', in ''Reason'' (Feb 2002)</ref> occurred years after Mack wrote of "asymmetric conflict." (Note that the term "asymmetric warfare" became well-known in the West only in the 1990s.<ref>Oxford English Dictionary</ref>) The aid given by the [[Operation Cyclone|U.S.]] to the Mujahideen during the war was only covert at the tactical level; the [[Reagan Administration]] told the world that it was helping the "freedom-loving people of Afghanistan." Many countries, including the U.S., participated in this proxy war against the USSR during the [[Cold War]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Scheuer |first=Michael |title=[[Imperial Hubris|Imperial Hubris - Why the West is Losing the War on Terrorism]] |publisher=Brassey's |year=2004 |isbn=978-1-57488-849-2 |location=Washington, D.C. |chapter=2 |author-link=Michael Scheuer}}</ref>
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