Editing Arithmetic (section)

=== Education ===
{{main|Mathematics education}}
Arithmetic education forms part of [[primary education]]. It is one of the first forms of [[mathematics education]] that children encounter. [[Elementary arithmetic]] aims to give students a basic [[number sense|sense of numbers]] and to familiarize them with fundamental numerical operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.<ref>{{multiref | {{harvnb|NCTM Staff}} | {{harvnb|Musser|Peterson|Burger|2013|loc=Curriculum Focal Points for Prekindergarten Through Grade 8 Mathematics, p. 44, p. 130}} | {{harvnb|Odom|Barbarin|Wasik|2009|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=MIuyhc8W-A8C&pg=PA589 589]}} }}</ref> It is usually introduced in relation to concrete scenarios, like counting [[bead]]s, dividing the class into groups of children of the same size, and calculating change when buying items. Common tools in early arithmetic education are [[number lines]], addition and multiplication tables, [[counting blocks]], and abacuses.<ref>{{multiref | {{harvnb|Laski|Jor’dan|Daoust|Murray|2015|pp=1–3}} | {{harvnb|Musser|Peterson|Burger|2013|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=8jh7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA59 59, 90–91, 93–94, 106–108]}} | {{harvnb|Nurnberger-Haag|2017|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=Uls6DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA215 215]}} }}</ref>

Later stages focus on a more abstract understanding and introduce the students to different types of numbers, such as negative numbers, fractions, real numbers, and complex numbers. They further cover more advanced numerical operations, like exponentiation, extraction of roots, and logarithm.<ref>{{multiref | {{harvnb|NCTM Staff}} | {{harvnb|Musser|Peterson|Burger|2013|loc=Curriculum Focal Points for Prekindergarten Through Grade 8 Mathematics, pp. [https://books.google.com/books?id=8jh7DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA208 208, 304, 340, 362]}} }}</ref> They also show how arithmetic operations are employed in other branches of mathematics, such as their application to describe geometrical shapes and the use of variables in algebra. Another aspect is to teach the students the use of [[algorithm]]s and [[calculator]]s to solve complex arithmetic problems.<ref>{{multiref | {{harvnb|NCTM Staff}} | {{harvnb|Musser|Peterson|Burger|2013|loc=Curriculum Focal Points for Prekindergarten Through Grade 8 Mathematics}} | {{harvnb|Carraher|Schliemann|2015|p=[https://books.google.com/books?id=lpFGCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA197 197]}} | {{harvnb|Ruthven|2012|pp=[https://books.google.com/books?id=RjZzAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA435 435, 443–444]}} }}</ref>