Editing Animal testing (section)

====Xenotransplantation====
{{Main|Xenotransplantation}}
[[Xenotransplantation]] research involves transplanting tissues or organs from one species to another, as a way to overcome the shortage of human organs for use in [[organ transplant]]s.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Platt JL, Lin SS | title = The future promises of xenotransplantation | journal = Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | volume = 862 | issue = 1 | pages = 5–18 | year = 1998 | pmid = 9928201 | doi = 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09112.x | bibcode = 1998NYASA.862....5P | s2cid = 72941995 }}</ref> Current research involves using primates as the recipients of organs from pigs that have been genetically modified to reduce the primates' [[immune system|immune response]] against the pig tissue.<ref name=Schuurman>{{cite journal |vauthors=Schuurman HJ, Pierson RN | title = Progress towards clinical xenotransplantation | journal = Frontiers in Bioscience | volume = 13 | issue = 13 | pages = 204–20 | year = 2008 | pmid = 17981539 | doi = 10.2741/2671 | doi-access = free }}</ref> Although [[transplant rejection]] remains a problem,<ref name=Schuurman/> recent clinical trials that involved implanting pig insulin-secreting cells into diabetics did reduce these people's need for insulin.<ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Valdés-González RA, Dorantes LM, Garibay GN, Bracho-Blanchet E, Mendez AJ, Dávila-Pérez R, Elliott RB, Terán L, White DJ | title = Xenotransplantation of porcine neonatal islets of Langerhans and Sertoli cells: a 4-year study | journal = European Journal of Endocrinology | volume = 153 | issue = 3 | pages = 419–27 | year = 2005 | pmid = 16131605 | doi = 10.1530/eje.1.01982 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |vauthors=Valdés-González RA, White DJ, Dorantes LM, Terán L, Garibay-Nieto GN, Bracho-Blanchet E, Dávila-Pérez R, Evia-Viscarra L, Ormsby CE, Ayala-Sumuano JT, Silva-Torres ML, Ramírez-González B | title = Three-yr follow-up of a type 1 diabetes mellitus patient with an islet xenotransplant | journal = Clinical Transplantation | volume = 21 | issue = 3 | pages = 352–57 | year = 2007 | pmid = 17488384 | doi = 10.1111/j.1399-0012.2007.00648.x | s2cid = 22668776 }}</ref>

Documents released to the news media by the animal rights organization [[Uncaged Campaigns]] showed that, between 1994 and 2000, wild baboons imported to the UK from Africa by Imutran Ltd, a subsidiary of [[Novartis]] Pharma AG, in conjunction with Cambridge University and [[Huntingdon Life Sciences]], to be used in experiments that involved grafting pig tissues, had serious and sometimes fatal injuries. A scandal occurred when it was revealed that the company had communicated with the British government in an attempt to avoid regulation.<ref name=autogenerated2>Townsend, Mark (20 April 2003). [http://observer.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0,6903,940033,00.html "Exposed: secrets of the animal organ lab"]  {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706041140/http://observer.guardian.co.uk/uk_news/story/0%2C6903%2C940033%2C00.html |date=6 July 2008 }}, ''The Guardian''.</ref><ref>Curtis, Polly (11 July 2003). [https://www.theguardian.com/education/2003/jul/11/research.highereducation "Home Office under renewed fire in animal rights row"], ''The Guardian''.</ref>