Editing Academy (section)

===Linguistic academies===
{{main|List of language regulators}}
The [[Accademia degli Infiammati]] of [[Padova]] and the Accademia degli Umidi, soon renamed the [[Accademia Fiorentina]], of [[Florence]] were both founded in 1540, and were both initially concerned with the proper basis for literary use of the ''volgare'', or [[vernacular language]] of Italy, which would later become the [[Italian language]]. In 1582 five Florentine literati gathered and founded the {{Lang|it|[[Accademia della Crusca]]|italic=no}} to demonstrate and conserve the beauty of the Florentine vernacular tongue, modelled upon the authors of the Trecento. The main instrument to do so was the ''[[Vocabolario degli Accademici della Crusca]]''. The Crusca long remained a private institution, criticizing and opposing the official Accademia Fiorentina.

The first institution inspired by the Crusca was the [[Fruitbearing Society]] for German language, which existed from 1617 to 1680.

The Crusca inspired [[Cardinal Richelieu|Richelieu]] to found in 1634 the analogous {{lang|fr|[[Académie française]]|italic=no}} with the task of acting as an official authority on the [[French language]], charged with publishing the official dictionary of that language. The following year the Académie received letters patent from the king Louis XIII as the only recognized academy for French language.

In its turn the state established Académie was the model for the {{lang|es|[[Real Academia Española]]}} (founded in 1713) and the [[Swedish Academy]] (1786), which are the ruling bodies of their respective languages and editors of major dictionaries. It also was the model for the [[Russian Academy]], founded in 1783, which afterwards merged into the Russian Academy of Sciences.