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==== South America ==== * November 19, 2000 – Peruvian dictator/president [[Alberto Fujimori]] resigns via fax. [[Valentín Paniagua]] is named Temporary President. * [[Álvaro Uribe]] is elected President of Colombia in 2002, the first political independent to do so in more than a century and a half, creating the right-wing political movement known as [[uribism]]. Uribe was re-elected in 2006. * In 2006, [[Michelle Bachelet]] is elected as the first female [[President of Chile]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4613864.stm |title=Chile gets first woman president |work=BBC News |date=January 16, 2006 |access-date=February 13, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131112033326/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4613864.stm |archive-date=November 12, 2013}}</ref> * [[Pink tide]]: Left-wing governments emerge in South American countries. These governments include those of [[Hugo Chávez]] in Venezuela since 1999, [[Fernando Lugo]] in Paraguay, [[Rafael Correa]] in Ecuador, and [[Evo Morales]] in Bolivia. With the creation of the [[Bolivarian Alliance for the Americas|ALBA]], Fidel Castro—leader of [[Cuba]] between 1959 and 2008—and Hugo Chávez reaffirmed their opposition to the aggressive militarism and [[imperialism]] of the United States. * [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] was elected (2002) and reelected (2006) [[President of Brazil]]. * In 2003, [[Néstor Kirchner]] was elected as President of Argentina. And in 2007, he was later succeeded by his wife, [[Cristina Fernández de Kirchner]], who became the first directly elected female [[President of Argentina]]. * May 23, 2008 – The [[Union of South American Nations]], a [[supranational union]], is made from joining the [[Andean Community of Nations|Andean Community]] and [[Mercosur]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.towardsunity.org/usan.phtml |title=The Union of South American Nations |publisher=Towardsunity.org |access-date=February 13, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120620000451/http://www.towardsunity.org/usan.phtml |archive-date=June 20, 2012}}</ref>
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