Editing Zoonosis (section)

===Contamination of food or water supply===
Foodborne zoonotic diseases are caused by a variety of pathogens that can affect both humans and animals. The most significant zoonotic pathogens causing foodborne diseases are:

==== Bacterial pathogens ====
[[Escherichia coli O157:H7|''Escherichia coli'' O157:H7]], ''[[Campylobacter]]'', ''[[Caliciviridae]]'', and ''[[Salmonella]]''.<ref name="czpf">{{cite journal | vauthors = Humphrey T, O'Brien S, Madsen M | title = Campylobacters as zoonotic pathogens: a food production perspective | journal = International Journal of Food Microbiology | volume = 117 | issue = 3 | pages = 237–257 | date = July 2007 | pmid = 17368847 | doi = 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2007.01.006 }}</ref><ref name="iear">{{cite journal | vauthors = Cloeckaert A | title = Introduction: emerging antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in the zoonotic foodborne pathogens Salmonella and Campylobacter | journal = Microbes and Infection | volume = 8 | issue = 7 | pages = 1889–1890 | date = June 2006 | pmid = 16714136 | doi = 10.1016/j.micinf.2005.12.024 | doi-access = free }}</ref><ref name="tpge">{{cite journal | vauthors = Murphy FA | title = The threat posed by the global emergence of livestock, food-borne, and zoonotic pathogens | journal = Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences | volume = 894 | issue = 1 | pages = 20–27 | year = 1999 | pmid = 10681965 | doi = 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08039.x | s2cid = 13384121 | bibcode = 1999NYASA.894...20M }}</ref>

====Viral pathogens====

* Hepatitis E: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is primarily transmitted through pork products, especially in developing countries with limited sanitation. The infection can lead to acute liver disease and is particularly dangerous for pregnant women.<ref name=":2" />
* Norovirus: Often found in contaminated shellfish and fresh produce, norovirus is a leading cause of foodborne illness globally. It spreads easily and causes symptoms like vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Ushijima |first1=Hiroshi |last2=Fujimoto |first2=Tsuguto |last3=Müller |first3=Werner EG |last4=Hayakawa |first4=Satoshi |date=2014 |title=Norovirus and Foodborne Disease: A Review |url=https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/foodsafetyfscj/2/3/2_2014027/_article |journal=Food Safety |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=37–54 |doi=10.14252/foodsafetyfscj.2014027}}</ref>

====Parasitic pathogens====

* ''Toxoplasma gondii'': This parasite is commonly found in undercooked meat, especially pork and lamb, and can cause toxoplasmosis. While typically mild, toxoplasmosis can be severe in immunocompromised individuals and pregnant women, potentially leading to complications.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Marín-García |first1=Pablo-Jesús |last2=Planas |first2=Nuria |last3=Llobat |first3=Lola |date=January 2022 |title=Toxoplasma gondii in Foods: Prevalence, Control, and Safety |journal=Foods |language=en |volume=11 |issue=16 |pages=2542 |doi=10.3390/foods11162542 |doi-access=free |pmid=36010541 |pmc=9407268 |issn=2304-8158}}</ref>
*''Trichinella'' spp. is transmitted through undercooked pork and wild game, causing trichinellosis. Symptoms range from mild gastrointestinal distress to severe muscle pain and, in rare cases, can be fatal.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Noeckler |first1=Karsten |last2=Pozio |first2=Edoardo |last3=van der Giessen |first3=Joke |last4=Hill |first4=Dolores E. |last5=Gamble |first5=H. Ray |date=2019-03-01 |title=International Commission on Trichinellosis: Recommendations on post-harvest control of Trichinella in food animals |journal=Food and Waterborne Parasitology |volume=14 |pages=e00041 |doi=10.1016/j.fawpar.2019.e00041 |pmid=32095607 |pmc=7033995 |issn=2405-6766}}</ref>