Editing Zebrafish (section)

== Distribution ==
=== Range ===
The zebrafish is native to freshwater habitats in South Asia where it is found in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Nepal and Bhutan.<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /><ref name="Petr1999">{{cite web |author=Petr, T. |year=1999 |title=Coldwater fish and fisheries in Bhutan |url=http://www.fao.org/3/x2614e/x2614e02.htm |publisher=[[FAO]] |access-date=28 March 2019 |archive-date=28 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328183338/http://www.fao.org/3/x2614e/x2614e02.htm |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Pritchard2001">{{cite thesis |author=Pritchard, V.L. |title=Behavior and morphogy of the zebrafish, ''Danio rerio'' |date=January 2001 |type=PhD thesis |publisher=University of Leeds}}</ref><ref name="Engeszer2007">{{cite journal |vauthors=Engeszer RE, Patterson LB, Rao AA, Parichy DM |title=Zebrafish in the wild: a review of natural history and new notes from the field |journal=Zebrafish |volume=4 |issue=1 |pages=21–40 |year=2007 |pmid=18041940 |doi=10.1089/zeb.2006.9997 |s2cid=34342799}}</ref> The northern limit is in the South [[Himalayas]], ranging from the [[Sutlej]] river basin in the Pakistan–India border region to the state of [[Arunachal Pradesh]] in northeast India.<ref name="iucn status 19 November 2021" /><ref name=Pritchard2001/> Its range is concentrated in the [[Ganges]] and [[Brahmaputra River]] basins,<ref name="Fisher & Mabee"/> and the species was first described from [[Kosi River]] (lower Ganges basin) of India. Its range further south is more local, with scattered records from the [[Western Ghats|Western]] and [[Eastern Ghats]] regions.<ref name="Engeszer2007"/><ref name="UOtago">{{cite web |title=Zebrafish in the Natural Environment |url=https://www.otago.ac.nz/zebrafish/zebrafish/naturalenvironment.html |publisher=University of Otago |access-date=28 March 2019 |archive-date=28 March 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190328183340/https://www.otago.ac.nz/zebrafish/zebrafish/naturalenvironment.html |url-status=live}}</ref> It has frequently been said to occur in Myanmar (Burma), but this is entirely based on pre-1930 records and likely refers to close relatives only described later, notably ''[[Danio kyathit]]''.<ref name="Engeszer2007"/><ref name="Spence2006b">{{citation |author=Spence, R. |title=The behavior and ecology of the zebrafish, ''Danio rerio'' |date=December 2006 |publisher=University of Leicester}}</ref><ref name=SeriouslyFish>{{cite web |title=Brachydanio rerio (Hamilton, 1822) |url=https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/danio-rerio/ |publisher=SeriouslyFish |access-date=28 March 2019 |archive-date=7 June 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230607182530/https://www.seriouslyfish.com/species/danio-rerio/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=Fang1998>{{cite journal |vauthors=Fang F |year=1998 |title=''Danio kyathit'', a new species of cyprinid species from Myitkyina, northern Myanmar |journal=Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters |volume=8 |issue=3 |pages=273–280}}</ref> Likewise, old{{clarify|how old?|date=September 2020}} records from Sri Lanka are highly questionable and remain unconfirmed.<ref name="Spence2006b"/>

Zebrafish have been [[introduced species|introduced]] to a variety of places outside their natural range,<ref name="Fisher & Mabee"/><ref name="Engeszer2007"/> including California, Connecticut, Florida and New Mexico in the United States, presumably by deliberate release by aquarists or by escape from [[fish farming|fish farms]]. The New Mexico population had been extirpated by 2003 and it is unclear if the others survive, as the last published records were decades ago.<ref name="NAS factsheet">{{cite web |url=https://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.asp?speciesID=505 |website=Nonindigenous Aquatic Species |title=Danio rerio |publisher=[[United States Geological Survey]] |date=June 14, 2013 |access-date=July 3, 2013 |archive-date=August 4, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090804180934/http://nas.er.usgs.gov/queries/FactSheet.asp?speciesID=505}}</ref> Elsewhere the species has been introduced to Colombia and Malaysia.<ref name="Pritchard2001" /><ref name="fishbase">{{FishBase|genus=Danio|species=rerio||month=March|year=2019}}</ref>

=== Habitats ===
Zebrafish typically inhabit moderately flowing to [[stagnant (water)|stagnant]] clear water of quite shallow depth in streams, canals, ditches, [[oxbow lake]]s, ponds and [[rice paddies]].<ref name="Engeszer2007"/><ref name="fishbase"/><ref name="beec"/><ref name="Fisher & Mabee"/> There is usually some vegetation, either submerged or overhanging from the banks, and the bottom is sandy, muddy or silty, often mixed with pebbles or gravel. In surveys of zebrafish locations throughout much of its Bangladeshi and Indian distribution, the water had a near-neutral to somewhat basic [[pH]] and mostly ranged from {{cvt|16.5 to(-) 34|C}} in temperature.<ref name="Engeszer2007"/><ref name="Spence2006a">{{cite journal |vauthors=Spence R, Fatema MK, Reichard M, Huq KA, Wahab MA, Ahmed ZF, Smith C |year=2006 |title=The distribution and habitat preferences of the zebrafish in Bangladesh |journal=Journal of Fish Biology |volume=69 |issue=5 |pages=1435–1448 |doi=10.1111/j.1095-8649.2006.01206.x |bibcode=2006JFBio..69.1435S}}</ref> One unusually cold site was only {{cvt|12.3|C}} and another unusually warm site was {{cvt|38.6|C}}, but the zebrafish still appeared healthy. The unusually cold temperature was at one of the highest known zebrafish locations at {{cvt|1576|m}} above sea level, although the species has been recorded to {{cvt|1795|m}}.<ref name="Engeszer2007"/>