Editing Yuma County, Arizona (section)

==Economy==
This county is the highest crop producer in the state by dollar value per year.<ref name="2017-census-county" /> Yuma County tops the list for the categories of vegetables + melons + potatoes + sweet potatoes at $782,293,000, and fruits + tree nuts + berries at $62,499,000.<ref name="2017-census-county" /> Overall this is the second (to [[Maricopa County|Maricopa]]) producing county for all agricultural products at $1,143,068,000 per year<ref name="2017-census-county">{{cite web | access-date=July 29, 2022 | date=2017 | title=Census of Agriculture - State and County Profiles - Arizona | website=USDA, [[National Agricultural Statistics Service]] | url=https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Online_Resources/County_Profiles/Arizona/cp04027.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Online_Resources/County_Profiles/Arizona/cp04027.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live}}</ref> and for [[organic agriculture|organic production]].<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=320}} Almost all of the dates (''[[Phoenix dactylifera]]'') in the state are grown here,<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=299}} about {{convert|10|e6lb|MT ST|abbr=off}} worth $35 million per year.<ref name="KAWC-dates">{{cite web | year=2017 | website=[[KAWC-FM]] | access-date=September 16, 2022 | title="Naked Dates"? Harvest for the Middle Eastern Fruit Wraps up in Yuma County | url=https://www.kawc.org/agriculture/2017-11-06/naked-dates-harvest-for-the-middle-eastern-fruit-wraps-up-in-yuma-county}}</ref> This is the second highest [[citrus]] producer behind Maricopa,<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=302}} a distant second in [[grapefruit]],<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=302}} [[lime (fruit)|lime]]s,<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=302}} and [[orange (fruit)|orange]]s<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=303}} but producing far more [[lemon]]s.<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=302}} Some olives,<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=299}} [[clingstone peach]]es,<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=300}} and [[plum]]s<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=301}} are grown here. Yuma County produces almost all of the vegetable seed grown in the state.<ref name="2017-census-state" />{{rp|page=311}} The average farmer age is the lowest in the state, at 56.6 years.<ref name="2017-census-state">{{cite web | access-date=July 29, 2022 | date=2017 | title=National Agricultural Statistics Service - 2017 Census of Agriculture - Volume 1, Chapter 1: State Level Data | website=USDA, [[National Agricultural Statistics Service]] | url=https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_State_Level/Arizona/}}</ref>{{rp|page=326}}

During the winter agricultural season from November to March, some 40,000 Mexican workers cross the border daily to work in United States fields.<ref name="yuma"/> The area is watered by the [[Colorado River]], and the sector supplies a large part of the US leafy vegetables.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sweat Vinaigrette |url=http://ediblebajaarizona.com/sweat-vinaigrette |website=Edible Baja Arizona Magazine |date=May 9, 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Nolte |first1=Kurt D. |title=Winter Lettuce Production |url=https://cals.arizona.edu/fps/sites/cals.arizona.edu.fps/files/Lettuce%20Production%20Presentation.pdf |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://cals.arizona.edu/fps/sites/cals.arizona.edu.fps/files/Lettuce%20Production%20Presentation.pdf |archive-date=October 9, 2022 |url-status=live |publisher=[[University of Arizona]]}}</ref> The [[Yuma Lettuce Days]] festival and [[agritourism]] is connected to Yuma agriculture. In 2017 the county produced vegetables worth $782,293,000, ranking first in the state and third in the entire country, from {{convert|107,908|acre}}.<ref name="2017-census-state" /> Fruits brought $62,499,000, also first in the state, 56th out of >3000 counties in the country.<ref name="2017-census-state">{{cite web | access-date=July 29, 2022 | date=2017 | title=National Agricultural Statistics Service - 2017 Census of Agriculture - Volume 1, Chapter 1: State Level Data | website=USDA, [[National Agricultural Statistics Service]] | url=https://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/AgCensus/2017/Full_Report/Volume_1,_Chapter_1_State_Level/Arizona/}}</ref> Jojoba (''[[Simmondsia chinensis]]'') is a valuable native crop here.<ref name="advances" />{{rp|page=239}} From here it has also been introduced into cultivation in other countries.<ref name="advances">{{cite book | pages=xv+744 | year=2019 | volume=6 | publication-place=[[Cham, Switzerland]] | publisher=[[Springer Nature Switzerland AG]] | last3=Johnson | last2=Jain | first3=Dennis Victor | last1=Al-Khayri | first1=Jameel M. | first2=S. Mohan | series=Advances in Plant Breeding Strategies | title=Industrial and Food Crops | isbn=978-3-030-23265-8 | doi=10.1007/978-3-030-23265-8 | s2cid=204460085 | id={{isbn|978-3-030-23264-1}}. {{isbn|978-3-030-23267-2}} | oclc=1124613891}}</ref>{{rp|page=239}}

The Sweetpotato Whitefly (Silverleaf Whitefly, ''[[Bemisia tabaci]]'') is a common pest here.<ref name="Charac-Man">{{cite book | last1=King | first1=Edgar George | last2=Phillips | first2=Jacob R. | last3=Coleman | first3=Randy J. | title=Cotton Insects and Mites: Characterization and Management | series=Cotton Foundation Reference Book Series | publisher=[[Cotton Foundation]] | publication-place=[[Memphis, Tennessee]] | date=1996 | isbn=978-0939809035 | oclc=35285443 | pages=1008}}</ref>{{rp|page=47}} The county is planted with large extents of several crops which serve as hosts.<ref name="Nic">{{cite book | date=1999 | publication-place=[[Tokyo]] | publisher=[[Springer Tokyo]] | last1=Yamamoto | first1=Izuru | last2=Casida | first2=John E. | title=Nicotinoid Insecticides and the Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor | isbn=978-4-431-67933-2 | oclc=828775443}}</ref>{{rp|page=263}}

Date trees (''[[Phoenix dactylifera]]'') were planted here in the 2010s.<ref name="Wakil" /> In this county, plantations suffer from the Carob Moth (''[[Ectomyelois ceratoniae]]'') and the Banks Grass Mite (''[[Oligonychus pratensis]]'').<ref name="Wakil">{{cite book | date=2015 | pages=xx+429 | publication-place=[[Cham, Switzerland]] | publisher=[[Springer International Publishing Switzerland]] | editor1-last=Wakil | editor1-first=Waqas | editor2-last=Faleiro | editor2-first=Jose Romeno | editor3-last=Miller | editor3-first=Thomas A. | title=Sustainable Pest Management in Date Palm: Current Status and Emerging Challenges | isbn=978-3-319-24397-9 | doi=10.1007/978-3-319-24397-9 | id={{isbn|978-3-319-24395-5}} | oclc=933587290 | lccn=2015958728 | series=Sustainability in Plant and Crop Protection| s2cid=28329824 }}</ref>

Leaders in the county are aware their economy is tied to that of Mexican states on the other side of the border; both have to be considered. "There are automotive plants in Ciudad Juárez, across from El Paso; aerospace plants in Mexicali, southwest of Yuma; and medical devices’ manufacturers in Tijuana, near San Diego. On the American side, there is a mix of retail stores, warehouses and trucking companies..."<ref name="yuma"/>

Because of Yuma County's location along the [[U.S.-Mexico border]], large numbers of aliens entering the United States illegally pass through Yuma County. From October 2004 to July 2005, some 124,400 undocumented foreign nationals were apprehended in the area, a 46% increase over the previous year.<ref>''Economist'', August 27, 2005</ref> In 2014, however, only 5,902 people were apprehended.  The report from the [[Congressional Research Service]] stated, "...it is unclear how much of the drop-off is due to increased enforcement and how much is a result of the U.S. economic downturn and other systemic factors".<ref name="l651">{{cite web | last=Holan | first=Angie Drobnic | title=Ben Carson claimed program that led to 97% illegal immigration drop has been 'abolished' | website=@politifact | date=September 27, 2015 | url=https://www.politifact.com/factchecks/2015/sep/27/ben-carson/ben-carson-claimed-program-let-97-illegal-immigrat/ | access-date=May 19, 2024}}</ref><ref name="yuma">[https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/13/us/politics/yuma-county-arizona-latinos-trump.html?&moduleDetail=section-news-2&action=click&contentCollection=U.S.&region=Footer&module=MoreInSection&version=WhatsNext&contentID=WhatsNext&pgtype=article Fernanda Santo, "In Arizona County Where Latinos Have an Edge, So Did Trump"], ''New York Times,'' December 13, 2016; accessed December 13, 2016</ref>

The {{ Visible anchor | Greater Yuma Economic Development Corp }} anticipates many [[farmworkers in the United States|agricultural jobs]] in the county will soon transition to [[agricultural robot|robotics]].<ref name="US-Economic-Development-Administration">{{cite web | access-date=September 20, 2022 | author=[[Tucson|City of Tucson]] | title=City of Tucson | website=[[U.S. Economic Development Administration]] | url=https://eda.gov/arpa/build-back-better/finalists/City-of-Tucson.htm}}</ref>