Editing Yukio Mishima (section)

===Early life===
[[File:Yukio Mishima 1931.gif|thumb|left|upright|Mishima in his childhood (April 1931, at the age of 6)]]
On 14 January 1925, {{nihongo|Yukio Mishima|三島由紀夫|Mishima Yukio}} was born {{nihongo|Kimitake Hiraoka|平岡公威|Hiraoka Kimitake}} in Nagazumi-cho, Yotsuya-ku of [[Tokyo City]] (now part of [[Yotsuya]], [[Shinjuku|Shinjuku-ku]], Tokyo). His father was {{Nihongo|Azusa Hiraoka|[[:ja:平岡梓|平岡梓]]}}, a government official in the [[Ministry of Agriculture and Commerce]].<ref>{{Harvnb|Ando|1998|pp=7–8}}</ref>  His mother, {{Nihongo|Shizue|[[:ja:平岡倭文重|平岡倭文重]]}}, was the daughter of the 5th principal of the [[Kaisei Academy]]. Shizue's father, {{Nihongo|Kenzō Hashi|[[:ja:橋健三|橋健三]]}}, was a scholar of the [[Chinese classics]], and the Hashi family had served the [[Maeda clan]] for generations in [[Kaga Domain]]. Mishima's paternal grandparents were [[Sadatarō Hiraoka]], the third Governor-General of [[Karafuto Prefecture]], and {{Nihongo|Natsuko (family register name: Natsu)|[[:ja:平岡なつ|平岡なつ]]}}. Mishima received his birth name Kimitake (公威, also read ''Kōi'' in [[on-yomi]]) in honor of [[Furuichi Kōi]] who was a benefactor of Sadatarō.<ref name="azusa2">{{Harvnb|Azusa|1996|pp=31–47}}</ref> He had a younger sister, {{Nihongo|Mitsuko|[[:ja:平岡美津子|平岡美津子]]}}, who died of typhus in 1945 at the age of 17, and a younger brother, {{Nihongo|Chiyuki|[[:ja:平岡千之|平岡千之]]}}.<ref>{{Harvnb|Inose-e|2012}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Matsumoto|1990|pp=16–17, 52}}</ref>

Mishima's childhood home was a rented house, though a fairly large two-floor house that was the largest in the neighborhood. He lived with his parents, siblings and paternal grandparents, as well as six maids, a houseboy, and a manservant.

Mishima's early childhood was dominated by the presence of his grandmother, Natsuko, who took the boy and separated him from his immediate family for several years.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/mishima.htm |title=Yukio Mishima |last=Liukkonen |first=Petri |website=Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi) |publisher=[[Kuusankoski]] Public Library |location=Finland |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041010211118/http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/mishima.htm |archive-date=10 October 2004}}</ref> She was the granddaughter of [[Matsudaira Yoritaka (Shishido)|Matsudaira Yoritaka]], the ''[[daimyō]]'' of [[Shishido Domain|Shishido]], which was a branch domain of [[Mito Domain]] in [[Hitachi Province]];{{efn|Yoritaka's eldest son was [[Matsudaira Yorinori (Shishido)|Matsudaira Yorinori]] who died at the age of 33 when he was ordered to commit [[seppuku]] by the shogunate during the [[Tengutō Rebellion]], because he was sympathetic to {{Nihongo|''[[Tengu]]-tō''|天狗党}}'s [[Sonnō jōi]].<ref name="etsugu">{{Harvnb|Etsugu|1983|pp=71–140}}</ref>}} therefore, Mishima was a descendant of the founder of the [[Tokugawa Shogunate]], [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]], through his grandmother.<ref name="etsugu" /><ref>Family tree of the Matsudaira family in  {{Harvnb|Etsugu|1983|pp=137–140, 234–235}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://reichsarchiv.jp/%E5%AE%B6%E7%B3%BB%E3%83%AA%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88/%E6%B0%B4%E6%88%B8%E6%94%AF%E6%B5%81%E6%9D%BE%E5%B9%B3%E6%B0%8F%EF%BC%88%E5%AE%8D%E6%88%B8%E8%97%A9%E3%83%BB%E5%BE%A1%E9%80%A3%E6%9E%9D%EF%BC%89#hsyorisuke |script-title=ja:水戸支流松平氏（宍戸藩・御連枝） － Reichsarchiv ～世界帝王事典～ |website=reichsarchiv.jp|date=28 May 2010 }}</ref> Natsuko's father, {{Nihongo|Nagai Iwanojō|[[:ja:永井岩之丞|永井岩之丞]]}}, had been a [[Supreme Court of Judicature of Japan|Supreme Court]] justice, and Iwanojō's adoptive father, [[Nagai Naoyuki]], had been a [[Hatamoto|bannerman]] of the Tokugawa House during the [[Bakumatsu]].<ref name="etsugu"/> Natsuko had been raised in the household of [[Prince Arisugawa Taruhito]], and she maintained considerable aristocratic pretensions even after marrying Sadatarō, a bureaucrat who had made his fortune in the newly opened colonial frontier in the north, and who eventually became Governor-General of Karafuto Prefecture on [[Sakhalin Island]].<ref name="inose1">{{Harvnb|Inose-j|1999|pp=25–111}}</ref> Sadatarō's father, {{Nihongo|Takichi Hiraoka|[[:ja:平岡太吉|平岡太吉]]}}, and grandfather, {{Nihongo|Tazaemon Hiraoka|平岡太左衛門}}, had been farmers.<ref name="etsugu"/>{{efn|Mishima had told about his bloodline that; "I'm a descendant of the peasants and samurais, and my way of working is like a most hard-working peasant."<ref>{{cite journal |last=Mishima |first=Yukio |date=1966 |script-title=ja:フランスのテレビに初主演―文壇の若大将三島由紀夫氏 |trans-title=First starring on French television: Yukio Mishima, the Wakadaishō (whizz kid) of the literary world |language=ja |journal=Mainichi Shinbun }} collected in {{Harvnb|complete34|2003|pp=31–34}}</ref>}} Natsuko was prone to violent outbursts, occasionally alluded to in Mishima's works,<ref name="HK">{{Cite web |url=http://www.glbtq.com/literature/mishima_y.html |title=Mishima, Yukio (1925–1970) |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150221212112/http://www.glbtq.com/literature/mishima_y.html |archive-date=21 February 2015}}</ref> to which some biographers have traced Mishima's fascination with death.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://jlit.net/authors_works/mishima_yukio.html |title=Yukio Mishima (January 14, 1925 – November 25, 1970 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081121134553/http://jlit.net/authors_works/mishima_yukio.html |archive-date=21 November 2008}}</ref> She did not allow Mishima to venture into the sunlight, engage in any kind of sport, or play with other boys. He spent much of his time either alone or with female cousins and their dolls.<ref name="Shizue">{{cite journal |last=Hiraoka |first=Shizue |date=1976 |script-title=ja:暴流のごとく―三島由紀夫七回忌に |trans-title=Like as Turbulent water runs: On the sixth anniversary of Yukio Mishima's death |language=ja |journal=Shinchō}}, collected in {{Harvnb|Gunzo18|1990|pp=193–204}}</ref><ref name="HK"/>

Mishima's father, Azusa, had a taste for military discipline, and worried Natsuko's style of childrearing was too soft. When Mishima was returned to his immediate family at the age of 12, Azusa employed extreme parenting tactics, such as holding young Mishima up close to the side of a speeding steam locomotive.<ref>{{Harvnb|Azusa|1996|pp=45–47}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Ando|1996|p=18}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|complete42|2005|pp=17–18}}</ref> He also raided his son's room for evidence of an "effeminate" interest in literature, and often ripped his son's manuscripts apart.<ref name="azusa3">{{Harvnb|Azusa|1996|pp=62–64, 84–86}}</ref><ref name="oku-manu">{{Harvnb|Okuno|2000| pp=136–138}}</ref> Although Azusa forbade him from writing any further stories, Mishima continued to write in secret, supported and protected by his mother, who was always the first to read a new story.<ref name="azusa3"/><ref name="oku-manu"/>

When Mishima was 13, Natsuko took him to see his first [[Kabuki]] play: [[Kanadehon Chūshingura|The Treasury of Loyal Retainers]], an allegory of the story of the [[Forty-seven rōnin|47 Rōnin]]. He was later taken to his first [[Noh]] play (''[[Mount Miwa|Miwa]]'', a story featuring [[Amano-Iwato]]) by his maternal grandmother {{Nihongo|Tomi Hashi|橋トミ}}. From these early experiences, Mishima became addicted to [[Kabuki]] and [[Noh]]. He began attending performances every month and grew deeply interested in these [[Theatre of Japan|traditional Japanese dramatic art]] forms.<ref name="henre">{{cite journal |last=Mishima |first=Yukio |date=1963 |script-title=ja:[[:ja:私の遍歴時代|私の遍歴時代]] |trans-title=My Wandering Period |language=ja |journal=[[Tokyo Shimbun]] }}, collected in {{Harvnb|complete32|2003|pp=271–323}}</ref><ref>{{Harvnb|Ando|1998|p=38}}</ref>