Editing Wyoming, Pennsylvania (section)

==History==
[[File:Village of Wyoming, Wyoming Valley Penn'a - scene of the massacre of July 3rd 1778 LOC 2014585100.jpg|thumb|250px|left|Village of Wyoming]]

===Early history===
By the 1700s, the [[Wyoming Valley]] was inhabited by several [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] tribes (including the [[Susquehannock]] and the [[Lenape|Delaware]]). In the mid-18th century, [[Connecticut Colony|Connecticut]] [[settler]]s ventured into the valley. These were the first recorded [[Europeans]] in the region.<ref>{{cite book | last = Fisher | first = Sydney George | title = The Making of Pennsylvania | url = https://archive.org/details/makingofpennsylv00fish | publisher = J. B. Lippincott Company | location = Philadelphia, PA| year = 1896}}</ref> In 1768, the Susquehanna Company of Connecticut devised a plan to divide the Wyoming Valley into five townships. Each township was to be divided amongst forty settlers. Wyoming was originally part of [[Kingston Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania|Kingston Township]].<ref>{{cite web |title=History |url=https://www.westwyoming.org/history/ |website=West Wyoming Borough |access-date=27 February 2023}}</ref>

===Battle of Wyoming===

On June 30, 1778, [[Loyalist (American Revolution)|Loyalist]] forces, under the command of Major [[John Butler (Ranger)|John Butler]], arrived in the Wyoming Valley to attack the American settlements. On July 1, Fort Wintermoot at the north end of the valley surrendered without a shot being fired. The next morning the smaller Fort Jenkins surrendered. Both forts were later burned to the ground.

Meanwhile the [[Patriot (American Revolution)|Patriot]] militia assembled at [[Forty Fort]]. On July 3, a column of roughly 375 men including a company of soldiers in the [[Continental Army]] marched from the fort under the command of Lieutenant Colonel [[Zebulon Butler]] and Colonel Nathan Denison. Major Butler's [[Butler's Rangers|Rangers]], with the assistance of about 500 Native American allies, ambushed the oncoming Americans. In the end, nearly 300  Patriot soldiers from the Wyoming Valley were killed during the [[Battle of Wyoming]], commonly known as the Wyoming Massacre.<ref name="Williams">{{cite book |last1=Williams |first1=Glenn F. |title=Year of the Hangman: George Washington's Campaign Against the Iroquois. |date=2005 |publisher=Westholme |location=Yardley, Pennsylvania |isbn=978-1-59416-013-4 |url=https://archive.org/details/yearofhangmangeo0000will |url-access=registration}}</ref>

The next day Colonel Denison surrendered Forty Fort along with several other posts. Widespread looting and burning of buildings occurred throughout the Wyoming Valley subsequent to the capitulation, but non-combatants were not harmed.<ref name="Williams" /> Most of the inhabitants, however, fled across the [[Pocono Mountains]] to [[Stroudsburg, Pennsylvania|Stroudsburg]] and [[Easton, Pennsylvania|Easton]] or down the [[Susquehanna River]] to [[Sunbury, Pennsylvania|Sunbury]].

===Wyoming Monument===
Today, in the Borough of Wyoming, a [[Wyoming Monument|monument]] constructed in the early 1830s marks the gravesite of the casualties of the battle. An annual observance, sponsored by the [[Wyoming Commemorative Association]], takes place at the obelisk grounds to honor the fallen heroes of this [[American Revolutionary War|Revolutionary War]] battle. The monument has also been listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].

Along with the Wyoming Monument, the [[Luzerne Presbyterial Institute]] and [[Swetland Homestead]] are also listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].<ref name="nris">{{NRISref|version=2010a}}</ref>

===Borough of Wyoming===
Wyoming was officially incorporated as a borough in 1885. The Eighth Street Bridge was constructed over the Susquehanna River during the early 20th century; it connected the Borough of Wyoming to [[Jenkins Township, Luzerne County, Pennsylvania|Jenkins Township]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Luzerne County |url=https://bridgehunter.com/pa/luzerne/ |website=Bridgehunter.com: Historic and Notable Bridges of the U.S. |access-date=27 February 2023}}</ref> In 2011, it was demolished and replaced with a new bridge.

The [[Tropical Storm Lee (2011)|flood of 2011]] prompted the evacuation of the [[Wilkes-Barre Wyoming Valley Airport]] (in southern Wyoming). The planes were moved to a higher elevation to prevent flood damage; they were relocated to the Wyoming Monument.
<gallery mode=packed heights=150>
Luzerne Presbyterial Institute.jpg|[[Luzerne Presbyterial Institute]]
Swetland Homestead, Forty Fort Pa., Front view.jpg|[[Swetland Homestead]]
</gallery>