Editing Woodland, Washington (section)

==History==
[[Hudson's Bay Company]] retiree Adolphous Le Lewes (alternate spelling: Lewis) established a homestead at the mouth of what is today known as the [[Lewis River (Washington)|Lewis River]], in 1849 (The Lewis River is the namesake of A. Le Lewes, not [[Meriwether Lewis]] as is generally believed). Two Iowa families, related by marriage, came next: the Solomon Strongs filed a claim in September 1850 and the Squire Bozarths filed a claim in December of the same year. Bozarth built the first [[frame house]] in present-day Woodland and named it "Woodland Farm House." Other early settlers include Columbia Lancaster, Milly Bozarth (wife of Squire), McKenzie and Jane Caples, and Brandt and Hans Kraft. After a few years, Christopher Columbus Bozarth (Better known as C.C.,<ref name="lewisriver.com">{{cite web|url=http://www.lewisriver.com/valley/history/woodland.html |title=History of Woodland - Lewis River Valley |publisher=LewisRiver.com |date=June 30, 1922 |access-date=September 30, 2013}}</ref> and the namesake for C.C. street in Woodland), a son of Squire Bozarth, opened a store and named it "Woodland," after his father's farm. Woodland eventually grew on the spot where the store was located.<ref>Virginia Urrutia, ''They Came to Six Rivers'' (Kelso, WA: Cowlitz County Historical Society, 1998) pp. 45</ref>

Woodland was not the first trading center on the Lewis River bottoms. Pekin (now known as part of the Woodland Bottoms) deserves that credit. The Pekin store and Post Office was established in 1867 or 1868 by James Woods and F.H. Marsh. Pekin continued as the trading center until the Woodland store and Post Office were established. Woodland was more centrally located and on higher ground. Rarely did the June floods cover the streets of Woodland, but Pekin, built on stilts,  was flooded nearly every June.<ref>{{cite web|last=Card|first=Judy|date=1999|title=Fields of Flowers and Forests of Firs: A History of the Woodland Community, 1850 ~ 1958|url=http://www.lewisriver.com/jcard3.html|access-date=September 30, 2013|website=lewisriver.com}}</ref>

On March 26, 1856, the only recorded Indian attack occurred when some members of the Yakima tribe came down to burn out the settlers. Indian Zack, one of the few surviving Cowlitz tribe members, had already warned the settlers who evacuated to the Block House in St. Helens until the Yakimas returned to east of the Cascade Mountains.<ref name="lewisriver.com"/> There was previously a monument to Indian Zack at a water fountain at Horseshoe Lake Park.

Woodland was platted by A.W. Scott on October 14, 1889, the same year that Washington gained statehood. The community officially incorporated as a city on March 27, 1906, and L. Hopf was the first mayor. In 1907, the first sewer system was begun, and the first telephone service contract was granted to Northwestern Telephone. At that time, there were daily stops by the steamers the ''Alarm'' and the ''Lucy Mason'', as well as railroad service from Kalama to Portland. In 1913, the Lewis River bridge was built at Woodland. Prior to that time, there was only ferry service across the river. The present bridges where [[Interstate 5 in Washington|Interstate 5]] crosses the Lewis, and the dike creating Horseshoe Lake were begun in 1940. In 1925, the Woodland Fire Department was organized and a fire station was erected.<ref name="lewisriver.com"/> The first hotels and restaurants were built in the 1890s. The Woodland Grange now occupies the building that was the Hobb Hotel.<ref name="lewisriver.com"/>

In 1948, Woodland experienced one of the greatest floods in its short history, with "Old Town Woodland" being one of the hardest-hit areas.<ref>Virginia Urrutia, ''They Came to Six Rivers'' (Kelso, WA: Cowlitz County Historical Society, 1998) pp. 193, 194</ref> Woodland experienced another great flood in 1996, which mostly affected the Northeast residential section of the city. President [[Bill Clinton]] visited the city during the flood of 1996, using the Woodland High School football field as a landing pad for his helicopter.

===Hulda Klager===
Woodland is perhaps best known as the home of [[Hulda Klager Lilac Gardens|Hulda Klager]] (1863–1960), who was a prolific breeder of lilacs. Known as the "Lilac Lady," Klager (née Thiel) was long the pride of Woodland. She immigrated from Germany to Wisconsin in 1865, when she was just two years old, and came West when her family bought a farm in Woodland. Later she married and settled down on the family farm. When a friend gave her a book about Luther Burbank, she began creating flowers, hybridizing new varieties of roses, dahlias, even apples, and lilacs in particular. By 1920 she had created such a magnificent array of new hand-pollinated lilacs that she opened her garden on Lilac Week every spring for visitors.<ref name="Virginia Urrutia 1998 pp. 193">Virginia Urrutia, ''They Came to Six Rivers'' (Kelso, WA: Cowlitz County Historical Society, 1998) pp. 193</ref> The floodwaters of 1948 rolled over her garden, destroying every shrub and hand-pollinated lilac. The loss grieved those who visited her garden or who had purchased her lilacs. From all over the Northwest, people sent starts of her lilacs from their own gardens. By 1950, at the age of eighty-seven, Klager, who loved flowers and who had been honored by the state of Washington as well as such organizations as the nationally famous arboretum at [[Cambridge, Massachusetts]], again opened her home for Lilac Week. After her death in 1960, the Woodland Federated Garden Club, shocked that the garden might be bulldozed for industry, succeeded in raising money to buy it and have it declared a state and national historic site.<ref name="Virginia Urrutia 1998 pp. 193"/>

In 1964, her house and lilac gardens were saved from being torn down to make room for an industrial site, and are currently maintained as a state and [[National Historic Landmark]] by the Lilac Society.