Editing Winona LaDuke (section)

==Career and activism==
[[File:Reception (4099192018) (cropped).jpg|thumb|LaDuke in 2009]]
While attending Harvard, LaDuke heard a presentation by [[Jimmie Durham]] that she said "shook something loose" in her and changed her life. She worked for Durham, investigating the effects of uranium mining in [[Navajo]] reservations.<ref name="contemporaryauthors">{{cite book |title=Contemporary Authors |date=2002 |publisher=Gale Group: Thomson Learning |pages=256–258 |edition=Volume 100 |url=http://web.sbu.edu/friedsam/laduke/winona_laduke_contemporary_authors.pdf}}</ref> After graduating, she moved to her father's community at White Earth, where she found work as the high school principal. In 1985 she helped found the [[Indigenous Women's Network]]. She worked with [[Women of All Red Nations]] to publicize American [[Forced sterilization in the United States|forced sterilization]] of Native American women.

Next she became involved in the struggle to recover lands for the [[Anishinaabe]]. An 1867 treaty with the United States provided a territory of more than 860,000 acres for the [[White Earth Indian Reservation]]. Under the [[Nelson Act of 1889]], an attempt to have the Anishinaabe assimilate by adopting a European-American model of subsistence farming, communal tribal land was allotted to individual households. The US classified any excess land as surplus, allowing it to be sold to non-natives. In addition, many Anishinaabe sold their land individually over the years; these factors caused the tribe to lose control of most of its land. By the mid-20th century, the tribe held only one-tenth of the land in its reservation.<ref name="Ritter"/>

===White Earth Land Recovery Project===
In 1989, LaDuke founded the [[White Earth Land Recovery Project]] (WELRP) in Minnesota with the proceeds of a human rights award from [[Reebok]]. Its goal is to buy back land in the reservation that non-Natives bought and to create enterprises that provide work to Anishinaabe. By 2000, the foundation had bought 1,200 acres, which it held in a conservation trust for eventual cession to the tribe.<ref name="Ritter"/> WELRP also works to reforest the land and revive cultivation of [[wild rice]], long a traditional Ojibwe food. It markets that and other traditional products, including [[hominy]], jam, buffalo sausage, and other products. It has started an [[Ojibwe language|Ojibwe]] language program, a herd of [[American Bison|buffalo]], and a wind-energy project.<ref name="Ritter"/> It produces and sells traditional foods and crafts through its label, Native Harvest.<ref name=NPR-Rice>{{cite web |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4165045&from=mobile |title=Ricing Time: Harvesting on the Lakes of White Earth |work=[[National Public Radio]] |date=November 12, 2004}}{{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706144654/https://www.npr.org/2004/11/12/4165045/ricing-time-harvesting-on-the-lakes-of-white-earth?from=mobile |date=July 6, 2022}}</ref> [[The Evergreen State College]] class of 2014 chose LaDuke as its commencement speaker. She delivered her address at the school on June 13, 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.theolympian.com/news/local/article26071081.html |title=The Evergreen State College graduates nearly 1,300 students |first=Lisa |last=Pemberton |website=theolympian |language=en |access-date=April 19, 2019 |archive-date=July 6, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706144733/https://account.theolympian.com/paywall/subscriber-only?resume=26071081&intcid=ab_archive |url-status=live}}</ref>

===Honor the Earth, 1993-2023===
LaDuke was also the executive director of [[Honor the Earth]], an organization she co-founded with the non-Native folk-rock duo the [[Indigo Girls]] in 1993. Honor the Earth is a national advocacy group encouraging public support and funding for Native environmental groups. It works nationally and internationally on issues of [[climate change]], [[renewable energy]], [[sustainable development]], food systems and [[environmental justice]]. Members of Honor the Earth were active in the [[Dakota Access Pipeline protests]].<ref name=NoDAPL/> As of 2016, the organization's mission was:

<blockquote>to create awareness and support for Native environmental issues and to develop needed financial and political resources for the survival of sustainable Native communities. Honor the Earth develops these resources by using music, the arts, the media, and Indigenous wisdom to ask people to recognize our joint dependency on the Earth and be a voice for those not heard.<ref>{{Cite news |url=http://www.honorearth.org/about |title=About Us |work=Honor The Earth |access-date=2017-04-15 |archive-date=April 16, 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170416125314/http://www.honorearth.org/about |url-status=live}}</ref></blockquote>

On March 30, 2023, the [[Becker County, Minnesota]], District Court ordered Honor the Earth and LaDuke to pay a former employee $750,000 in damages in a sexual harassment and abuse complaint, based on actions from 2015. LaDuke resigned from the organization on April 5, 2023, acknowledging her failure to protect victims of sexual harassment.<ref>Bowe, Nathan. [https://www.dl-online.com/news/local/honor-the-earth-ordered-to-pay-750-000-in-civil-suit-1 Honor the Earth ordered to pay $750,000 in civil suit], [[Forum Communications Company]]: ''Detroit Lakes Tribune'', April 3, 2023.</ref>

===Political career, 1996-2016===
[[File:Winona_LaDuke.png|thumb|Winona La Duke speaking at Intellectual House, [[University of Washington]], 2018]]
In 1996 and 2000, LaDuke ran as the vice-presidential candidate with [[Ralph Nader]] on the [[Green Party of the United States|Green Party]] ticket. She was not endorsed by any tribal council or other tribal government.{{Citation needed|date=April 2021}} LaDuke endorsed the Democratic Party ticket for president and vice-president in 2004,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2004/10/20/winona-laduke-endorsement-of-john-kerry-for-president-94117 |title=Winona LaDuke endorsement of John Kerry for president |date=October 20, 2004 |access-date=October 22, 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131224112402/http://indiancountrytodaymedianetwork.com/ictarchives/2004/10/20/winona-laduke-endorsement-of-john-kerry-for-president-94117 |archive-date=December 24, 2013 |url-status=dead}}</ref> 2008,<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2008/05/laduke-and-lessons-she-learned-nader |title=LaDuke and the lessons she learned with Nader |publisher=Minnesota Post|date=May 22, 2008 |access-date=October 22, 2012 |archive-date=October 16, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141016022706/http://www.minnpost.com/politics-policy/2008/05/laduke-and-lessons-she-learned-nader |url-status=live}}</ref> and 2012.<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/puvzO5vjesw Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20120927183813/http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puvzO5vjesw&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=puvzO5vjesw|title=Winona LaDuke on Presidential Politics (7:41)|website=[[YouTube]]|date=September 27, 2012 |access-date=October 22, 2012}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

In 2016, [[Robert Satiacum, Jr.]], a [[faithless electors in the United States presidential election, 2016|faithless elector]] from Washington, cast his presidential vote for Native American activist [[Faith Spotted Eagle]] and his vice-presidential vote for LaDuke, making her the first Green Party member and the first Native American woman to receive an [[Electoral College (United States)|Electoral College]] vote for vice president.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-faith-spotted-eagle-2016-story.html |title=How Faith Spotted Eagle became the first Native American to win an electoral vote for president |newspaper=LA Times |access-date=December 21, 2016 |archive-date=December 21, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221162741/http://www.latimes.com/nation/la-na-faith-spotted-eagle-2016-story.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

In 2016, LaDuke was involved in the [[Dakota Access Pipeline protests]], participating at the [[resistance camps]] in North Dakota and speaking to the media on the issue.<ref name="DN-Sep4-16">{{cite AV media |people=Amy Goodman, Winona LaDuke |date=September 4, 2016 |title=Dakota Access Pipeline Company Attacks Native American Protesters with Dogs and Pepper Spray |url=https://www.democracynow.org/2016/9/4/dakota_access_pipeline_company_attacks_native |access-date=September 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180924112214/https://www.democracynow.org/2016/9/4/dakota_access_pipeline_company_attacks_native |archive-date=September 24, 2018 |publisher=[[Democracy Now!]]}}</ref>

At the July 2019 [[Audubon|National Audubon]] Convention in Milwaukee, LaDuke gave the keynote address with updates on efforts to stop the [[Sandpiper pipeline]], other pipelines, and other projects near Ojibwe waters and through the [[Leech Lake Indian Reservation|Leech Lake Reservation]]. She urged everyone to be [[water protector]]s and stand up for their rights.<ref>Archived at [https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/HGVjvLCAcrk Ghostarchive]{{cbignore}} and the [https://web.archive.org/web/20190918221116/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGVjvLCAcrk&gl=US&hl=en Wayback Machine]{{cbignore}}: {{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HGVjvLCAcrk |title=Audubon Convention 2019: Opening Address. Winona LaDuke |date=August 8, 2019 |via=www.youtube.com}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

In 2020 and 2021, she was a leader of [[Stop Line 3 protests|the protests]] against the [[Line 3 pipeline]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-31|title='They're Shoving A Pipe Down Our Throat': Inside Winona LaDuke's Fight Against Line 3 |url=https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2021/05/31/theyre-shoving-a-pipe-down-our-throat-inside-winona-ladukes-long-fight-against-line-3/ |access-date=2021-06-11 |language=en-US |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611192242/https://minnesota.cbslocal.com/2021/05/31/theyre-shoving-a-pipe-down-our-throat-inside-winona-ladukes-long-fight-against-line-3/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |first1=Hannah |last1=Murphy |last2=Dunlea |first2=Reed |date=2020-04-23 |title=The Fight Against Minnesota's Line 3 Pipeline: Bill McKibben and Winona LaDuke in Conversation |url=https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/minnesota-line-3-pipeline-winona-laduke-bill-mckibben-conversation-988155/ |access-date=2021-06-11 |magazine=Rolling Stone |language=en-US |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611192241/https://www.rollingstone.com/politics/politics-news/minnesota-line-3-pipeline-winona-laduke-bill-mckibben-conversation-988155/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Fish |first1=Robin D. |title=LaDuke, Line 3 opponents stage first of 'weekly' protests at Enbridge office in Park Rapids |url=https://www.duluthnewstribune.com/business/energy-and-mining/6807500-LaDuke-Line-3-opponents-stage-first-of-weekly-protests-at-Enbridge-office-in-Park-Rapids |access-date=2021-06-11|website=Duluth News Tribune|date=December 19, 2020 |language=en |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611192251/https://www.duluthnewstribune.com/business/energy-and-mining/6807500-LaDuke-Line-3-opponents-stage-first-of-weekly-protests-at-Enbridge-office-in-Park-Rapids |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title="Not Having It": Winona LaDuke on Mass Protest by Water Protectors to Halt Line 3 Pipeline in Minnesota |url=https://www.democracynow.org/2021/6/8/line_3_protests_treaty_people_gathering |access-date=2021-06-11 |website=Democracy Now! |language=en |archive-date=June 11, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210611192438/https://www.democracynow.org/2021/6/8/line_3_protests_treaty_people_gathering |url-status=live}}</ref>

=== Hemp activism ===
As of 2018, LaDuke operated a 40-acre (16 ha) industrial [[hemp]] farm on the White Earth Indian Reservation, growing hemp varieties from different regions of the world,<ref>{{Cite web|title=In These Times- The Renaissance of Tribal Hemp|date=April 21, 2018 |url=http://inthesetimes.com/rural-america/entry/21083/industrial-hemp-native-american-tribes-winona-laduke|access-date=October 19, 2018|archive-date=July 6, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706144724/https://inthesetimes.com/article/industrial-hemp-native-american-tribes-winona-laduke|url-status=live}}</ref> vegetables and tobacco.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-07-14 |title=Winona LaDuke announces her Hemp and Heritage Farm is coming alive - IndianCountryToday.com |url=https://newsmaven.io/indiancountrytoday/news/winona-laduke-announces-her-hemp-and-heritage-farm-is-coming-alive-_iMHVEHjEkObJeMqKOxIZA/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190413132044/https://newsmaven.io/indiancountrytoday/news/winona-laduke-announces-her-hemp-and-heritage-farm-is-coming-alive-_iMHVEHjEkObJeMqKOxIZA/ |archive-date=April 13, 2019 |access-date=October 19, 2018 |work=IndianCountryToday.com |language=en-US}}</ref> She has said that she turned to industrial hemp farming after being urged to investigate the practice for several years and advocates its potential to turn the American economy away from fossil fuels.<ref name="startrib">{{Cite web |date=2020-06-22 |title=Intelligent and idealistic, Winona LaDuke turns to hemp farming, solar power to jump-start the 'next economy' |url=https://www.startribune.com/intelligent-and-idealistic-winona-laduke-turns-to-hemp-farming-solar-power-to-jump-start-the-next-economy/571418762/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201021135917/https://www.startribune.com/intelligent-and-idealistic-winona-laduke-turns-to-hemp-farming-solar-power-to-jump-start-the-next-economy/571418762/ |archive-date=October 21, 2020 |access-date=October 17, 2020 |website=Star Tribune}}</ref> LaDuke has promoted the growth of both marijuana and industrial hemp on Indigenous tribal lands for financial profit and the localization of the economy.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hess Scholar in Residence Winona LaDuke Says We Must Take the "Green Path" to Restore Our Environment and Economy|url=https://www1.cuny.edu/mu/forum/2020/10/14/hess-scholar-in-residence-winona-laduke-says-we-must-take-the-green-path-to-restore-our-environment-and-economy/|access-date=October 17, 2020|website=CUNY Newswire|language=en|archive-date=July 6, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706144731/https://www1.cuny.edu/mu/forum/2020/10/14/hess-scholar-in-residence-winona-laduke-says-we-must-take-the-green-path-to-restore-our-environment-and-economy/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Winona LaDuke: Consider marijuana and hemp in Indian Country|url=https://www.indianz.com/News/2015/03/05/winona-laduke-consider-marijua.asp|access-date=October 17, 2020|website=Indianz|archive-date=April 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419151913/https://www.indianz.com/News/2015/03/05/winona-laduke-consider-marijua.asp|url-status=live}}</ref> Her position can be considered controversial given experiences of other reservations, such as the [[Oglala|Oglala Sioux Tribe]], who were raided by the DEA in relation to hemp farming.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.indianz.com/News/2015/03/05/winona-laduke-consider-marijua.asp|title=Winona LaDuke: Consider Marijuana and Hemp for Indian Country|date=March 5, 2015|website=Indianz|access-date=October 19, 2018|archive-date=October 20, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020011705/https://www.indianz.com/News/2015/03/05/winona-laduke-consider-marijua.asp|url-status=live}}</ref>