Editing War film (section)

== History ==
=== American Civil War ===
{{further|List of films and television shows about the American Civil War}}
The costliest war in U.S. history in terms of American life, this war has been the subject of, or the backdrop to, numerous films, documentaries and mini-series. One of the earliest films using the Civil War as its subject was [[D.W. Griffith]]'s 1910 silent picture, ''[[The Fugitive (1910 film)|The Fugitive]]''.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.silentera.com/PSFL/data/F/Fugitive1910.html | publisher=Silent Era | title=The Fugitive | access-date=23 June 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150403134807/http://silentera.com/PSFL/data/F/Fugitive1910.html | archive-date=3 April 2015}}</ref> Films that have the war as its main subject, or about a certain aspect of the war, include the 1989 film ''[[Glory (1989 film)|Glory]]'', about the first formal unit of the Union Army during the American Civil War to be made up entirely of Black volunteers.<ref>{{Cite web | last=Ebert | first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert | url=http://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/glory-1989 | publisher=RogerEbert.com | title=Glory | access-date=23 June 2015 }}</ref> Some films such as ''[[Gettysburg (1993 film)|Gettysburg]]'' focused on a single battle during the war,<ref>{{Cite news | url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/1993/10/09/gettysburg-ted-turner-a-cast-of-thousands-and-the-ghosts-of-the-past/ | newspaper=[[The Baltimore Sun]] | title=Gettysburg: Ted Turner, a cast of thousands and the ghosts of the past | access-date=23 June 2015 | date=9 October 1993 | last=Jubera | first=Drew | archive-date=8 December 2014 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208214449/http://articles.baltimoresun.com/1993-10-09/features/1993282122_1_ted-turner-gettysburg-jeff-daniels | url-status=live }}</ref> or even on a single incident, like the French short film ''[[An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge (film)|La Rivière du Hibou]]'' (''An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge'')<ref name="NY Times">{{Cite web |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/35918/An-Occurrence-at-Owl-Creek-Bridge/details |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081023123313/http://movies.nytimes.com/movie/35918/An-Occurrence-at-Owl-Creek-Bridge/details |url-status=dead |archive-date=23 October 2008 |department=Movies & TV Dept. |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=2008 |title=An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge |access-date=22 May 2008 }}</ref> and [[Disney]]'s ''[[The Great Locomotive Chase]]'' (1956).<ref name="Trains_1956">Entinger, Rosemary, ”The Great Locomotive Chase”, '' [[Trains (magazine)|Trains]] '', May 1956</ref>  Others like the 1993 miniseries ''[[North and South (miniseries)|North and South]]'' spanned the entire breadth of the war. Some films deal with the human aspects of the war, such as ''[[The Red Badge of Courage (1951 film)|The Red Badge of Courage]]'' (1951),<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.allmovie.com/movie/v40655 | publisher=AllMovie | title=The Red Badge of Courage: Synopsis |last=Erickson | first=Hal | access-date=23 June 2015}}</ref> or ''[[Shenandoah (film)|Shenandoah]]'' (1965), on the tragedy that the war inflicted on the civilian population.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/31258%7C0/Shenandoah.html | publisher=Turner Classic Movies | title=Shenandoah: article | access-date=23 June 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150623170545/http://www.tcm.com/this-month/article/31258%7C0/Shenandoah.html | archive-date=23 June 2015}}</ref> [[Ken Burns]]'s ''[[The Civil War (TV series)|The Civil War]]'' is the most-watched documentary in the history of [[PBS]].<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.pbs.org/civilwar/filmmakers/ | publisher=[[PBS]] | title=The Filmmakers: Ken Burns | access-date=23 June 2015}}</ref>

[[File:Paul von Hindenbrug WWI poster 2.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|1918 film poster for ''Die grosse Schlacht in Frankreich'' (''The Great Battle in France''), with [[Paul von Hindenburg|Hindenburg]] in the background]]

=== The Spanish–American War ===

The first war films come from the [[Spanish–American War]] of 1898. Short "actualities"—documentary film-clips—included ''Burial of the Maine Victims'', ''Blanket-Tossing of a New Recruit'', and ''Soldiers Washing Dishes''. These non-combat films were accompanied by "reenactments" of fighting, such as of [[Theodore Roosevelt]]'s "Rough Riders" in action against the Spanish, staged in the United States.{{sfn|Eberwein|2010|p=5}}

=== First World War ===
{{further|Fiction based on World War I|History of the United Kingdom during the First World War#Media|United States home front during World War I#Motion pictures|Home front during World War I}}

During the First World War, many films were made about life in the war. Topics included prisoners of war, covert operations, and military training. Both the Central Powers and the Allies produced war documentaries. The films were also used as propaganda in neutral countries like the United States. Among these was a film shot on the Eastern Front by official war photographer to the Central Powers, [[Albert K. Dawson]]: ''[[The Battle and Fall of Przemysl]]'' (1915), depicting the [[Siege of Przemyśl]], disastrous for the Austrians, with incidents reenacted using soldiers as extras.<ref>{{Cite web |title=World War I: Siege Of Przemysl | website=[[YouTube]] | date=29 August 2009 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FJchHW2SXs0 | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211110/FJchHW2SXs0| archive-date=2021-11-10 | url-status=live|access-date=6 March 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |title=Movies: The Battle and Fall of Przemysl (1915) |url=https://www.nytimes.com/movies/movie/236068/The-Battle-and-Fall-of-Przemysl/overview |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402103234/http://www.nytimes.com/movies/movie/236068/The-Battle-and-Fall-of-Przemysl/overview |url-status=dead |archive-date=2015-04-02 |access-date=6 March 2015 |department=Movies & TV Dept. |work=[[The New York Times]] |author=Hal Erickson |date=2015 |author-link=Hal Erickson (author) }}</ref>

The 1915 Australian film ''[[Within Our Gates (1915 film)|Within Our Gates]]'' (also known as ''Deeds that Won Gallipoli'') by [[Frank Harvey (Australian screenwriter)|Frank Harvey]] was described by the ''Motion Picture News'' as "a really good war story, which is exceptional".<ref>{{Cite book|last=Quigley Publishing Co.|url=http://archive.org/details/motionpicturenew132unse|title=Motion Picture News (Mar–Apr 1916)|date=1916|publisher=New York : Motion Picture News|others=MBRS, Library of Congress}}</ref>

[[File:The Battle of the Somme film image1.jpg|thumb|left|upright=1.35<!--width for low image-->|Staged scene of British troops advancing through barbed wire from ''[[The Battle of the Somme (film)|The Battle of the Somme]]'', 1916]]

The 1916 British film ''[[The Battle of the Somme (film)|The Battle of the Somme]]'', by two official cinematographers, [[Geoffrey Malins]] and John McDowell, combined documentary and propaganda, seeking to give the public an impression of what [[trench warfare]] was like. Much of the film was shot on location at the Western Front in France; it had a powerful emotional impact. It was watched by some 20 million people in Britain in its six weeks of exhibition, making it what the critic [[Francine Stock]] called "one of the most successful films of all time".<ref>{{Cite book |title=The Battle of the Somme (DVD viewing guide) |last=Smither |first=R.B.N. |year=2008 |publisher=Imperial War Museum |edition=2nd rev. |url=http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/100/Somme%20DVD/documents/viewing_guide.pdf |isbn=978-0-901627-94-0 |access-date=2016-06-29 |archive-date=2011-08-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110801231715/http://www.iwm.org.uk/upload/package/100/Somme%20DVD/documents/viewing_guide.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last1=Stock |first1=Francine |title=Why was the Battle of the Somme film bigger than Star Wars?|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/guides/zc3dhyc |publisher=BBC |access-date=29 June 2016}}</ref>

The 1925 American film ''[[The Big Parade]]'' depicted unglamorous elements of war: the protagonist loses his leg, and his friends are killed.{{sfn|Suid|2002|pp=24–26}} [[William A. Wellman]]'s ''[[Wings (1927 film)|Wings]]'' (1927) showed aerial combat during the war and was made in cooperation with the Army Air Corps. It proved a powerful recruiting tool.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Oldfield |first=Barney |title='WINGS' A Movie and an Inspiration |journal=Air Power History |year=1991 |volume=38 |issue=1 |pages=55–58}}</ref> It became the first film (in any genre) to be awarded an Oscar for best picture.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The 1st Academy Awards : 1929|date=8 October 2014 |url=http://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1929|publisher=Oscars.org|access-date=23 June 2015}}</ref> Later films of varied genres that deal with the First World War include [[David Lean]]'s "colossal epic", both war film and biopic<ref name=BFI-Lawrence /> ''[[Lawrence of Arabia (film)|Lawrence of Arabia]]'' (1962), shot in the then unfamiliar and exciting [[70mm]] [[Technicolor]],<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Fahy |first1=Patrick |title=Lawrence of Arabia: 50 years ago |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/watching-lawrence-arabia-first-time-story-world-premiere |publisher=British Film Institute |access-date=9 March 2015 |date=4 April 2014}}</ref> and described by [[Steven Spielberg]] as "maybe the greatest screenplay ever written for the motion-picture medium";<ref name=BFI-Lawrence>{{Cite web |title=Lawrence of Arabia (1962) |url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6aea50ea |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712005330/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6aea50ea |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 July 2012 |publisher=British Film Institute |access-date=9 March 2015}}</ref> [[Richard Attenborough]]'s satirical anti-war musical comedy based on [[Joan Littlewood]]'s play of the same name, ''[[Oh! What a Lovely War]]'' (1969);<ref>{{Cite web |title=Oh! What a Lovely War (1969) |url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6b1e5daa |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120712173035/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b6b1e5daa |url-status=dead |archive-date=12 July 2012 |publisher=British Film Institute |access-date=9 March 2015}}</ref> Spielberg's 2011 war drama ''[[War Horse (film)|War Horse]]'' was based on [[Michael Morpurgo]]'s [[War Horse (novel)|children's novel of the same name]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=War Horse (2011) |url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4f4bb4a882c89 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120804164509/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4f4bb4a882c89 |url-status=dead |archive-date=4 August 2012 |publisher=British Film Institute |access-date=9 March 2015}}</ref>

Many of the films promoted as "documentaries" added context to authentic battlefield scenes by staging critical events, and invented episodes and dialog to enhance excitement at the cost of authenticity.<ref>David H. Mould, and Charles M. Berg, "Fact and Fantasy in the Films of World War One," ''Film & History'' (1984) 14#3 pp 50–60</ref>

=== Finnish Civil War ===

Although the 1918 [[Finnish Civil War]] between [[Whites (Finland)|Whites]] and [[Red Guards (Finland)|Reds]] remained a controversial topic a century later in [[Finland]],<ref>{{Cite web|last=Haapala|first=Timo|date=2017-12-15|title=Pääkirjoitus: Kansalaissota on arka muistettava|url=https://www.is.fi/paakirjoitus/art-2000005492424.html|access-date=2022-10-29|website=Ilta-Sanomat|language=fi}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-05-15|title=Punaisten ja valkoisten perintöä vaalitaan yhä – Suomalaiset lähettivät yli 400 muistoa vuoden 1918 sisällissodasta|url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/punaisten_ja_valkoisten_perintoa_vaalitaan_yha__suomalaiset_lahettivat_yli_400_muistoa_vuoden_1918_sisallissodasta/8831374|access-date=2022-10-29|website=Yle Uutiset|language=fi}}</ref> many Finnish filmmakers have taken up the subject, often basing their work on a book. In 1957, [[Toivo Särkkä]]'s ''[[1918 (1957 film)|1918]]'', based on [[Jarl Hemmer]]'s play and novel, was screened at the [[7th Berlin International Film Festival]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.filmaffinity.com/us/film949377.html |title=1918 |work=Film Affinity |access-date=5 May 2020}}</ref> Recent films include [[Lauri Törhönen]]'s 2007 ''[[The Border (2007 film)|The Border]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mtv3.fi/viihde/arvostelut/elokuva.shtml/587024/raja-1918 |title=Raja 1918 |author=Aro, Tuuve |date=November 29, 2007 |work=MTV3.fi |publisher=Bonnier Group |language=fi |access-date=September 3, 2012}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.finland.org.ua/public/default.aspx?contentid=194231&nodeid=31712&contentlan=1&culture=fi-FI |title=Raja 1918-elokuva eurooppalaisilla elokuvafestivaaleilla |publisher=Embassy of Finland, Kiev |language=fi |access-date=September 3, 2012 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304052158/http://www.finland.org.ua/public/default.aspx?contentid=194231&nodeid=31712&contentlan=1&culture=fi-FI |url-status=dead }}</ref> and [[Aku Louhimies]]'s 2008 ''[[Tears of April]]'', based on [[Leena Lander]]'s novel.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mtv3.fi/viihde/uutiset/elokuvat.shtml/686892/lehti-kasky-elokuvassa-miesten-valista-seksia |title=Lehti: Käsky-elokuvassa miesten välistä seksiä |date=August 13, 2008 |work=MTV3.fi |language=fi |access-date=February 23, 2012}}</ref> Perhaps the most famous film about the Finnish Civil War is [[Edvin Laine]]'s 1968 ''[[Here, Beneath the North Star]]'', based on the first two books of [[Väinö Linna]]'s ''[[Under the North Star trilogy|Under the North Star]]'' trilogy; it describing the civil war from the losing side, [[Red Guards (Finland)|Finland's Red Guards]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Larsen |first=Mads |title=Agreeing on History: Adaptation as Restorative Truth in Finnish Reconciliation |journal=Literature/Film Quarterly |date=2020 |volume=48 |issue=1 (Winter 2020) |url=https://lfq.salisbury.edu/_issues/48_1/agreeing_on_history_adaptation_as_restorative_truth_in_finnish_reconciliation.html |access-date=21 May 2021}}</ref>

=== Spanish Civil War ===
{{further|List of Spanish Civil War films}}
[[File:SovietSpainCivilWarPoster.jpg|thumb|upright=0.8|Soviet poster for an exhibition about the [[Spanish Civil War]], 1936]]

The [[Spanish Civil War]] has attracted directors from different countries. [[Sam Wood]]'s ''[[For Whom the Bell Tolls (film)|For Whom the Bell Tolls]]'' (1943), based on [[Ernest Hemingway]]'s [[For Whom the Bell Tolls|book of the same name]], portrays the fated romance between an American played by [[Gary Cooper]] and a partisan played by [[Ingrid Bergman]] against the backdrop of the civil war. The epic 168-minute film with its landscapes shot in Technicolor and a "beautiful" orchestral score was a success both with audiences and with critics.<ref name=Harvard /> [[Alain Resnais]]'s ''[[Guernica (1950 film)|Guernica]]'' (1950) uses [[Picasso]]'s 1937 [[Guernica (Picasso)|painting of the same name]] to protest against war.<ref name="Harvard" /> [[Carlos Saura]]'s ''[[La Caza]]'' (The Hunt, 1966) uses the metaphor of hunting to criticise the aggressiveness of Spanish [[fascism]].<ref name=Pulver-Spanish>{{Cite news|last1=Pulver|first1=Andrew|title=A short history of Spanish cinema|url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/filmblog/2011/mar/29/short-history-spanish-cinema|newspaper=The Guardian|access-date=11 March 2015|date=29 March 2011}}</ref> It won the [[Silver Bear for Best Director]] at the [[16th Berlin International Film Festival]] in 1966.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1966/03_preistr_ger_1966/03_Preistraeger_1966.html |title=Berlinale 1966: Prize Winners |access-date=11 March 2015 |archive-date=15 October 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131015120304/http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1966/03_preistr_ger_1966/03_Preistraeger_1966.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> [[Ken Loach]]'s ''[[Land and Freedom (film)|Land and Freedom]]'' (''Tierra y Libertad'', 1995), loosely based on [[George Orwell]]'s ''[[Homage to Catalonia]]'', follows a British communist through the war to reveal the painful contradictions within the anti-fascist Republican side.<ref name=Harvard>{{Cite web |title=Franco, Fascists, and Freedom Fighters: The Spanish Civil War on Film |url=http://hcl.harvard.edu/hfa/films/2007spring/spanish.html |publisher=Harvard Film Archive |access-date=11 March 2015 |date=2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150307075445/http://www.hcl.harvard.edu/hfa/films/2007spring/spanish.html |archive-date=2015-03-07 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Korean War ===
{{See also|Category:Korean War films}}
<!--[[File:TheHook-1963-poster.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.8|''[[The Hook (1963 film)|The Hook]]'']]-->

[[Samuel Fuller]]'s ''[[The Steel Helmet]]'' (1951) was made during the [[Korean War]] (1950–1953). The critic Guy Westwell notes that it questioned the conduct of the war, as did later films like ''[[The Bridges at Toko-Ri]]'' (1954) and ''[[Pork Chop Hill (film)|Pork Chop Hill]]'' (1959).{{sfn|Westwell|2006|pp=51–53}} Fuller agreed that all his films were anti-war. No Hollywood films about the Korean War did well at the box office; the historian Lary May suggested in 2001 that they reminded American viewers of "the only war we have lost".<ref name="WestSŏ2001">{{Cite book |last1=West |first1=Philip |last2=Sŏ |first2=Chi-mun |title=Remembering the 'Forgotten War': The Korean War Through Literature and Art |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ajmbslz-GacC&pg=PA127 |date=2001 |publisher=M.E. Sharpe |isbn=978-0-7656-0696-9 |page=127}}</ref>

In 1955, after the fighting, the successful [[Republic of Korea|South Korean]] action film ''[[Piagol]]''  about leftist guerrilla atrocities encouraged other film-makers. The 1960s military government punished pro-communist film-makers and gave Grand Bell Awards to films with the strongest anti-communist message. ''[[The Taebaek Mountains]]'' (1994) dealt with leftists from the south who fought for the communists, while ''[[Silver Stallion (1991 film)|Silver Stallion]]'' (1991) and ''[[Spring in My Hometown]]'' (1998) showed the destructive impact of American military presence on village life. The violent action films ''[[Shiri (film)|Shiri]]'' (1999) and ''[[Joint Security Area (film)|Joint Security Area]]'' (2000) presented North Korea in a favourable light.<ref>{{Cite web | author=Paquet, Darcy | url=http://www.koreanfilm.org/warfilms.html |title=South Korean Films About the Korean War (1950–53): A Tool for Reference | publisher=Koreanfilm.org |access-date=6 March 2015}}</ref>

Films in [[Democratic Republic of Korea|North Korea]] were made by government film studios and had clear political messages. The first was ''[[My Home Village]]'' (1949), on the liberation of Korea from the Japanese, presented as the work of [[Kim Il Sung]] without help from the Americans. Similarly, the country's films about the Korean War show victory without help from the Chinese. The film scholar Johannes Schönherr concludes that the purpose of these films is "to portray North Korea as a country under siege", and that since the U.S. and its "puppet" South Korea invaded the North once, they would do so again.<ref>{{Cite book |last = Schönherr  |first = Johannes |year = 2012 |title = North Korean Cinema: A History |publisher = McFarland| location = Jefferson, N.C. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z6n0itIPmakC |isbn=978-0-7864-6526-2}} [https://books.google.com/books?id=Z6n0itIPmakC&q=My+Home+Village pp. 4, 29–31]</ref>

=== Algerian War ===
[[Gillo Pontecorvo]]'s dramatic ''[[The Battle of Algiers]]'' (({{langx|it|La battaglia di Algeri}}; {{langx|ar|معركة الجزائر}}; {{langx|fr|La Bataille d'Alger}}), 1966) portrayed events in the [[Algerian War]] (1954–1956). It was shot on location as an Italo-Algerian co-production. It had the black and white newsreel style of [[Italian neorealism]], and even-handedly depicts violence on both sides. It won various awards including [[Golden Lion]] at the [[Venice Film Festival]].<ref>{{Cite news |last1=de Wilde |first1=Gervase |title=The Battle of Algiers, DVD review |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/6081647/The-Battle-of-Algiers-DVD-review.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/film/6081647/The-Battle-of-Algiers-DVD-review.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |newspaper=The Telegraph |access-date=11 March 2015}}{{cbignore}}</ref> It was attacked by French critics and was for five years banned in France as well as ''[[Jamila, the Algerian]]'' (1958).<ref>{{Cite web |last1=Matthews |first1=Peter |title=The Battle of Algiers: Bombs and Boomerangs |url=http://www.criterion.com/current/posts/342-the-battle-of-algiers-bombs-and-boomerangs |publisher=Criterion |access-date=11 March 2015 |date=9 August 2011}}</ref>

=== Vietnam War ===
{{further|Vietnam War in film}}

Few films before the late 1970s about the [[Vietnam War]] actually depicted combat;{{sfn|Neale|2000|pp=121–124}} exceptions include ''[[The Green Berets (film)|The Green Berets]]'' (1968).{{sfn|Neale|2000|pp=121–124}} Critics such as Basinger explain that Hollywood avoided the subject because of [[opposition to United States involvement in the Vietnam War]], making the subject divisive; in addition, the film industry was in crisis, and the army did not wish to assist in making anti-war films.{{sfn|Neale|2000|pp=121–124}}{{sfn|Basinger|1986|pp=212–213}}

From the late 1970s, independently financed and produced films showed Hollywood that Vietnam could be treated in film. Successful but very different portrayals of the war in which America had been defeated included [[Michael Cimino]]'s ''[[The Deer Hunter]]'' (1978), and [[Francis Ford Coppola]]'s ''[[Apocalypse Now]]'' (1979).{{sfn|Neale|2000|pp=121–124}} <!--both films won Oscars, would need refs for that--> With the shift in American politics to the right in the 1980s, military success could again be shown in films such as [[Oliver Stone]]'s ''[[Platoon (film)|Platoon]]'' (1986), [[Stanley Kubrick]]'s ''[[Full Metal Jacket]]'' (1987) and [[John Irvin]]'s ''[[Hamburger Hill]]'' (1987).{{sfn|Neale|2000|pp=121–124}}

The Vietnamese director {{ill|Nguyễn Hồng Sến|vi}}'s ''[[The Abandoned Field: Free Fire Zone]]'' (''Cánh đồng hoang'', 1979) gives an "unnerving and compelling .. subjective-camera-eye-view" of life under helicopter fire in the [[Mekong Delta]] during the Vietnam War. The film cuts to an (American) "helicopter-eye view", contrasting painfully with the human tenderness seen earlier.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Abandoned Field-Free Fire Zone (Canh dong hoang) |url=http://www.bampfa.berkeley.edu/film/FN7762 |publisher=University of California, Berkeley Art Museum & Pacific Film Archive |access-date=10 March 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402172423/http://www.bampfa.berkeley.edu/film/FN7762 |archive-date=2015-04-02 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

=== Later wars ===
Dino Mustafić's ''[[Remake (2003 film)|Remake]]'' (2003), written by [[Zlatko Topčić]], tells the parallel [[Coming-of-age story|coming-of-age]] stories of a father living in [[Sarajevo]] during [[World War II]] and his son living through the [[Siege of Sarajevo]] during the [[Bosnian War]]. According to Topčić, the story is based on incidents from his own life.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.kviff.com/en/programme/film/03118-remake/ |title=KVIFF programme – Remake |publisher=Kviff |access-date=25 August 2015}}</ref><ref name="Cleveland">{{Cite web |url=http://www.clevelandfilm.org/films/2004/remake |title=CIFF: "Remake" |publisher=Cleveland Film |access-date=26 August 2015 |archive-date=23 September 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923204646/http://www.clevelandfilm.org/films/2004/remake |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The [[Iraq War]] served as the background story of American movies, like ''[[The Hurt Locker]]'' from 2008, ''[[Green Zone (film)|Green Zone]]'' from 2010,<ref name="Schwerdtfeger 2021" /> and ''[[American Sniper]]'' from 2014.<!--Please don't add anything here without citing a reliable source.-->

The [[War in Afghanistan (2001–present)|War in Afghanistan]] since 2001 was depicted in various movies, among them ''[[Restrepo (film)|Restrepo]]'' in 2010 and ''[[Lone Survivor]]'' from 2013.<ref name="Schwerdtfeger 2021">{{Cite web |last=Schwerdtfeger |first=Conner |title=The 10 Best Post 9/11 War Movies, Ranked |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/new/10-Best-Post-9-11-War-Movies-Ranked-106707.html |website=CinemaBlend |date=19 January 2016 |access-date=5 January 2021}}</ref><!--Please don't add anything here without citing a reliable source-->