Editing Wandsworth (section)

==History==
[[File:Vincent wandsworth.png|thumb|left|''Middle Mill, Wandsworth'' by George Vincent (1796–1839), Government Art Collection]]
At the time of the [[Domesday Book]] (1086), the manor of Wandsworth was held partly by William, son of Ansculfy, and partly by St Wandrille's Abbey. Its Domesday assets were 12 [[hide (unit)|hide]]s, with {{frac|5|1|2}} [[plough]]s and {{convert|22|acre|m2}} of [[meadow]]. It rendered £9.<ref>[http://www.gwp.enta.net/surrnames.htm Surrey Domesday Book] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071030192829/http://www.gwp.enta.net/surrnames.htm|date=30 October 2007}}</ref> Since at least the early 16th century, Wandsworth has offered accommodation to consecutive waves of immigration, from Protestant [[Netherlands|Dutch]] metalworkers fleeing persecution in the 1590s, [[Huguenot Burial Site|Huguenots]] in the 17th century, to recent [[Eastern Europe]]an members of the [[European Union]].<ref name=timeout>{{cite book|title="Time Out" London for Londoners|publisher=Ebury Publishing|year=2006|location=London|isbn=978-1-904978-52-7}}</ref>

[[File:Wandsworth Met. B Ward Map 1916.svg|thumb|left|A map showing the wards of Wandsworth Metropolitan Borough as they appeared in 1916.]]
[[File:Wandsworth Town Hall-13492313114.jpg|thumb|left|[[Wandsworth Town Hall]]]]
===Brewing===
Between Wandsworth town centre and the river is the site of [[Young's Brewery|Young & Co's Ram Brewery]]. [[Shire horse]]-drawn brewery [[Wagon|drays]] were still used to deliver beer to local pubs. Whilst brewing by Young's stopped in September 2006 when Young & Co merged its operations with [[Charles Wells Ltd|Charles Wells]] of [[Bedford]], brewing does continue on the site by a master brewer albeit in small amounts. A planning application to redevelop the site for residential and shopping/leisure "mixed use" was submitted in 2012<ref name=rambreweyredevelopment>{{cite news|url=http://www.wandsworth.gov.uk/news/article/11553/exhibitions_for_new_ram_brewery_proposal|title=Exhibitions for new Ram Brewery proposal|date=20 November 2012|publisher=[[Wandsworth Borough Council]] website|access-date=3 May 2018}}</ref> and approved in 2013.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://europe-re.com/ram-brewery-development-gains-planning-consent-uk/41757|title=Ram Brewery development gains planning consent|date=25 July 2013 |publisher=Europe Real Estate website|access-date=8 November 2022}}</ref> In 2019 it was announced that Sambrook's Brewery will continue to brew beer on the site moving from their brewhouse on York Road in 2020 with John Hatch (former master brewer of Youngs Brewery) taking an active role in tours.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://cask-marque.co.uk/sambrooks-set-to-move-to-site-of-the-old-youngs-brewery/|title=Sambrook's set to move to site of the old Young's Brewery|work=cask-marque.co.uk|date=10 July 2019}}</ref>

===Gas and power===
Wandsworth [[Gasworks|gas plant]] was built in 1834 against the River Thames near [[Wandsworth Bridge]].<ref name=Archives>{{cite web|url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/3d635472-970c-45ba-8b69-28f4984e9651#0|title=Wandsworth and District Gas Company|work=Access to Archives|publisher=[[The National Archives (United Kingdom)|The National Archives]]|access-date=3 May 2018}}</ref> The undertaking became the [[Wandsworth and District Gas Company|Wandsworth and Putney Gaslight and Coke Company]] in 1854 and was incorporated by an act of Parliament, the [[Wandsworth and Putney Gas Act 1856]] ([[19 & 20 Vict.]] c. lxii).<ref name=Archives/> Coal for making [[coal gas]] was brought by sea from [[North East England]] and unloaded on the Thames beside the gasworks.<ref name=Archives/> The firm grew by a series of mergers and takeovers so that by 1936 it served a considerable area of south-west London.<ref name=Archives/> The company's name evolved each time it merged with or took over neighbouring gas companies, but from 1936 it was the [[Wandsworth and District Gas Company]].<ref name=Archives/> The company was nationalised in 1949 and became part of the [[gas board|South Eastern Gas Board]].<ref name=Archives/>

[[Wandsworth power station]] was built on The Causeway and supplied electricity to the district of Wandsworth from 1897 to 1964.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Garcke|first=Emile|title=Manual of Electrical Undertakings 1898-99 vol. 3|publisher=P. S. King and Son|year=1898|location=London|pages=154–160}}</ref> It was owned and operated by the County of London Electric Supply Company Limited until the nationalisation of the British electricity supply industry in 1948. The power station was decommissioned in 1964.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Garrett|first=Frederick C.|title=Garcke's Manual of Electricity Supply vol. 56|publisher=Electrical Press|year=1959|location=London|pages=A-105, A-137}}</ref> There is an operational 132 kV national grid substation to the east of the River Wandle.

===World War I: The Wandsworth Battalion===
[[File:Cap badge, 13th Battalion, East Surrey Regiment, Wandsworth 1915-19.jpg|thumb|150px|right|Cap badge of the 13th East Surreys, incorporating the arms of Wandsworth.]]
{{main|13th (Service) Battalion, East Surrey Regiment (Wandsworth)}}
On the outbreak of [[World War I]] in August 1914 [[Herbert Kitchener, 1st Earl Kitchener|Lord Kitchener]] issued his famous call to arms: 'Your King and Country Need You'. The flood of volunteers overwhelmed the ability of the Army to absorb them, and units began to be raised by local initiative from men who wished to serve together: these were known as '[[Pals battalions]]'. The 'Pals' phenomenon quickly spread across the country, and Kitchener approached the mayors of the 28 [[Metropolitan boroughs of the County of London]] to raise units of local men.<ref name = McCue>Paul McCue, ''Wandsworth and Battersea Battalions in the Great War, 1915–1918'', Barnsley: Pen & Sword, 2010, ISBN 978-1-84884194-9, pp. 10–1, 22–164.</ref> 

Alderman Archibald Dawnay, Mayor of Wandsworth, raised a complete infantry battalion, the [[13th (Service) Battalion, East Surrey Regiment (Wandsworth)]], which served on the [[Western Front (World War I)|Western Front]]. On 24 April 1917 the battalion distinguished itself in an attack on the fortified village of [[Villers-Plouich]], in which Corporal [[Edward Foster (VC)|Edward 'Tiny' Foster]], a Wandsworth Council [[dustman]] in civilian life, won the [[Victoria Cross]]. It also fought at the [[Battle of Cambrai (1917)|Capture of Bourlon Wood]]. Most of the battalion was overrun and captured during the [[German spring offensive]] of 1918, and the remnant became a training unit.<ref name = McCue/>

After the war, Wandsworth raised money for the rebuilding of Villers-Plouich and the unofficial twinning was revived in the 1990s. Among the memorial tablets in the garden of Wandsworth Town Hall are those to the 13th Battalion, 'The Wandsworth Regulars', and to Corporal Foster, after whom a path in [[King George's Park]] is named.<ref>McCue, pp. 253–6.</ref><ref>[https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/wandsworth-regulars Wandsworth Regulars at London Remembers.]</ref><ref>[https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/wandsworth-army-units-1914-1945 Wandsworth Army Units 1914–1945 at London Remembers.]</ref><ref>[https://www.londonremembers.com/memorials/edward-foster-vc Edward Foster VC at London Remembers.]</ref><ref name = QRSFoster>[https://www.queensroyalsurreys.org.uk/vc_gc/vc09.shtml Foster VC at Queen's Royal Surreys.]</ref>