Editing Walking meditation (section)

== Mahāyāna ==
[[East Asian Buddhism|East Asian Mahāyāna Buddhism]] integrates walking meditation with devotional and [[Samadhi|samādhi]]-oriented practices. Among its many forms, devotional [[circumambulation]] and specific methods such as the [[Tiantai]] four samādhis, and the Pure Land practice of walking [[nianfo]] hold significant importance for specific traditions. In the Tiantai (Jp: [[Tendai]]) school, they follow the ''[[Mohe Zhiguan|Móhē zhǐguān]]'' of patriarch [[Zhiyi]] as the main meditation guide. This tradition practices two kinds of walking meditations: "Constantly Walking Samādhi" (''chángxíng sānmèi'' 常行三昧) which consists of 90 days of mindful walking and meditating on Amitabha and "Half-Walking Half-Seated Samādhi" (''bànxíng bànzuò sānmèi'' 半行半坐三昧) which includes numerous practices like chanting, penance, prayer, reciting the Lotus sutra, etc.<ref name="Qing">Fa Qing,[https://web.archive.org/web/20150524090134/http://elibrary.ibc.ac.th/files/public/2013seminabook.pdf The Śamatha and Vipaśyanā in Tian Tai], Poh Ming Tse Symposium 2013: One Master Three Meditative Traditions. Singapore, August 30, 2013; pp.30-47</ref> In the [[Pure Land Buddhism|Pure Land school]], there is a common practice of circumambulating a Buddha statue of Amitabha and reciting his name during [[nianfo]] retreats.<ref>Jones, Charles B. (2021). ''Pure Land: History, Tradition, and Practice.'' Shambhala Publications., pp. 198-210.</ref>

In [[Zen|Zen Buddhism]], kinhin is often done in between stretches of sitting meditation ([[zazen]]) as a break from prolonged sitting. The idea is to maintain the same meditative Zen mind throughout the walking period. Practitioners typically walk clockwise around the meditation hall or [[zendō]] while holding their hands in a gesture with one hand closed in a fist while the other hand grasps or covers the fist ({{zh|c=叉手|p=chā shǒu}}; [[Romanization of Japanese|rōmaji]]: ''shashu'').{{sfn|Aitken|1999|pp=35-6}} During walking meditation each step is taken after each full breath.<ref>{{cite web|title=Kinhin|url=http://www.emptybowlzendo.org/#/zen-practices/kinhin|publisher=Empty Bowl Zendo|access-date=April 1, 2015}}</ref> The pace of walking meditation can be either slow (several steady steps per each breath) or brisk, almost to the point of jogging.{{sfn|Aitken|1999|pp=35-6}}