Editing Vermillion County, Indiana (section)

==Geography==
[[Image:Map of Vermillion County, Indiana.svg|thumb|right|350px|Map of Vermillion County]]
Vermillion County is less than {{convert|10|mi}} from east to west at its widest point, but it extends over {{convert|37|mi}} from north to south. It shares a {{convert|6.5|mi|adj=on}} border with [[Warren County, Indiana|Warren County]] to the north. Its eastern border is defined by the [[Wabash River]]. [[Fountain County, Indiana|Fountain]] and [[Parke County, Indiana|Parke]] counties lie across the river to the northeast and southeast, respectively. Vermillion County is the southernmost county in Indiana entirely on the right bank of the Wabash. [[Vigo County, Indiana|Vigo County]], from which Parke and Vermillion counties were formed, lies to the south. The county's western border is shared with the state of Illinois. To the northwest lies [[Vermilion County, Illinois]]; its county seat, [[Danville, Illinois|Danville]], is west of the northern border of Vermillion County. To the southwest is [[Edgar County, Illinois|Edgar County]]; its county seat, [[Paris, Illinois|Paris]], is west of Vermillion County's southern border. The state capital of [[Indianapolis]] lies about {{convert|65|mi}} to the east.<ref name="national-atlas">{{cite map
 |url         = http://www.nationalatlas.gov/mapmaker/mapmaker/?saved=T&left=942110.210505145&right=1217547.30641032&top=-345989.425392403&bottom=-539630.050392403&mWidth=1320&mHeight=928&visLayers=states,grid,statecap,stateanno,roads,sf,us,countiesanno,counties&visCats=CAT-States,CAT-boundary,CAT-Roads,CAT-trans,CAT-Counties
 |title       = Region of Vermillion County, Indiana
 |publisher   = National Atlas of the United States
 |access-date  = December 19, 2010
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20120104231748/http://www.nationalatlas.gov/mapmaker/mapmaker/?saved=T&left=942110.210505145&right=1217547.30641032&top=-345989.425392403&bottom=-539630.050392403&mWidth=1320&mHeight=928&visLayers=states,grid,statecap,stateanno,roads,sf,us,countiesanno,counties&visCats=CAT-States,CAT-boundary,CAT-Roads,CAT-trans,CAT-Counties
 |archive-date = January 4, 2012
 |url-status     = dead
}}</ref>

According to the 2010 census, the county has a total area of {{convert|259.93|sqmi}}, of which {{convert|256.88|sqmi}} (or 98.83%) is land and {{convert|3.05|sqmi}} (or 1.17%) is water.<ref name="census-density"/> The Vermillion River, for which the county was named, enters from Illinois to the west and crosses the county to empty into the Wabash River near Cayuga. Forests cover about 23% of the county, or about {{convert|37865|acre}},<ref>
{{cite report
  |title      = Indiana Statewide Forestry Strategy
  |url        = http://www.in.gov/dnr/forestry/files/fo-Strategy_6_2010.pdf#page=19
  |author     = [[Indiana Department of Natural Resources]]' Division of Forestry
  |year       = 2010
  |publisher  = Indiana DNR
  |format     = PDF
  |access-date = December 24, 2010
}}</ref> and consist principally of deciduous hardwoods among which [[maple]]–[[beech]] and [[oak]]–[[hickory]] forests are the most common.<ref>
{{cite web
  |author=USDA Forest Service, Northeastern Area State & Private Forestry
  |title=Forests of Indiana: A 1998 Overview
  |url=http://www.na.fs.fed.us/spfo/pubs/misc/in98forests/webversion/whatypes.htm
  |access-date=December 24, 2010
}}</ref>

At a meeting of the board of commissioners on March&nbsp;23, 1824 (the same year the county was formed), four townships were created: [[Clinton Township, Vermillion County, Indiana|Clinton]], [[Helt Township, Vermillion County, Indiana|Helt]], [[Highland Township, Vermillion County, Indiana|Highland]], and [[Vermillion Township, Vermillion County, Indiana|Vermillion]]. Later, [[Eugene Township, Vermillion County, Indiana|Eugene Township]] was created out of portions of Highland and Vermillion; the north end of Highland Township became part of Warren County.<ref>Bowen 1913, pp. 252-253.</ref>

There are seven incorporated towns in Vermillion County. [[Cayuga, Indiana|Cayuga]] is located near the confluence of the Vermillion and Wabash rivers, along State Road&nbsp;63 just west of its intersection with State Road&nbsp;234. [[Clinton, Indiana|Clinton]] is the largest settlement in the county with a population of about 5100, and lies further to the south along the Wabash River, between it and State Road&nbsp;63; State Road&nbsp;163 passes through the town to reach U.S. Route&nbsp;41 on the east side of the river. [[Fairview Park, Indiana|Fairview Park]] is just north of Clinton; State Road&nbsp;63 passes through the north end of the town. [[Dana, Indiana|Dana]] is a small town just north of the intersection of U.S. Route&nbsp;36 and State Road&nbsp;71. [[Newport, Indiana|Newport]] is located just east of State Road&nbsp;63, a few miles south of Cayuga; it is the county seat, although it is one of the smallest towns in the county. [[Perrysville, Indiana|Perrysville]] is also located along the Wabash River, on State Road&nbsp;32 just east of its intersection with State Road&nbsp;63. [[Universal, Indiana|Universal]] is in the far southern part of the county, west of State Road&nbsp;63.<ref name="gnis-populated">{{cite web
  |url=http://geonames.usgs.gov/pls/gnispublic/f?p=gnispq:2:::NO::P1_CLASS,P1_COUNTY,P1_STATE:Populated%20Place,Vermillion,Indiana
  |title=Geographic Names Information System: Populated places in Vermillion County, Indiana
  |author=[[United States Geological Survey]]
  |access-date=December 19, 2010
}}</ref>

In addition to the towns, there are also many [[unincorporated area|unincorporated communities]]. Helt Township has more than any other township and includes the communities of [[Alta, Indiana|Alta]], [[Bono, Vermillion County, Indiana|Bono]], [[Highland, Vermillion County, Indiana|Highland]], [[Hillsdale, Indiana|Hillsdale]], [[Jonestown, Indiana|Jonestown]], [[Saint Bernice, Indiana|Saint Bernice]], and [[Summit Grove, Indiana|Summit Grove]]. Clinton Township contains [[Blanford, Indiana|Blanford]], [[Centenary, Indiana|Centenary]], [[Klondyke, Indiana|Klondyke]], and [[Syndicate, Indiana|Syndicate]]. Highland Township includes [[Flat Iron, Indiana|Flat Iron]], [[Gessie, Indiana|Gessie]], [[Rileysburg, Indiana|Rileysburg]], and [[Tree Spring, Indiana|Tree Spring]]. Eugene Township, which contains Cayuga, has just one unincorporated community: [[Eugene, Indiana|Eugene]], which is just north of Cayuga.<ref name="gnis-populated"/>

At least three other communities once existed in Vermillion County but have since become extinct: [[Quaker, Indiana|Quaker]], [[Randall, Indiana|Randall]], and [[Toronto, Indiana|Toronto]].

[[Image:Tree Spring, Indiana.png|thumb|left|600px|Tree Spring in northern Vermillion County]]{{Clear left}}

===Climate===
{{climate chart
|[[Newport, Indiana|Newport]]
|15|32|1.91
|20|38|1.80
|29|49|2.84
|39|62|3.38
|50|73|4.26
|60|82|4.53
|63|85|4.16
|60|83|3.66
|52|77|3.05
|41|65|2.81
|33|50|3.19
|21|37|2.54
|float=right
|units=imperial
|clear=both
|source=The Weather Channel<ref name="weather">{{cite web
  |url=http://www.weather.com/weather/wxclimatology/monthly/graph/USIN0481
  |title=Monthly Averages for Newport, Indiana
  |access-date=January 27, 2011
  |publisher=The Weather Channel
}}</ref>}}
Vermillion County is in the [[humid continental climate]] region of the United States along with most of Indiana. Its [[Köppen climate classification]] is Dfa,<ref>{{cite web
 |url          = http://snow.cals.uidaho.edu/clim_map/koppen_usa_map.htm
 |title        = Köppen Climate Classification for the Conterminous United States
 |publisher    = Idaho State Climate Services
 |access-date   = January 23, 2011
 |archive-url  = https://web.archive.org/web/20090930221052/http://snow.cals.uidaho.edu/Clim_Map/koppen_usa_map.htm
 |archive-date = September 30, 2009
 |url-status     = dead
}}</ref> meaning that it is cold, has no dry season, and has a hot summer.<ref>{{cite web
  |url=http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071024063821/http://www.hydrol-earth-syst-sci.net/11/1633/2007/hess-11-1633-2007.pdf |archive-date=October 24, 2007 |url-status=live
  |title=Updated world map of the Köppen-Geiger climate classification
 |author2=Finlayson, B. L. |author3=McMahon, T. A.
  |first=M. C.
  |last=Peel
  |publisher=Copernicus Publications
  |year=2007
  |page=1636
  |access-date=January 23, 2011
}}</ref> In recent years, temperatures in Newport have ranged from an average low of {{convert|15|°F}} in January to a high of {{convert|85|°F}} in July, although a record low of {{convert|-26|°F}} was recorded in 1994, and a record high of {{convert|105|°F}} was recorded in 1988. Average monthly precipitation ranged from {{convert|1.80|in}} inches in February to {{convert|4.53|in}} inches in June.<ref name="weather"/>