Editing Urology (section)

===United States===
As of 2022, there are 146 [[residency (medicine)|residency]] programs that offered 356 categorical positions.<ref name="auanet.org">{{cite web |url=https://www.auanet.org/meetings-and-education/for-residents/urology-and-specialty-matches |title=Urology and Specialty Matches |access-date=2022-09-05 }}</ref> Urology is one of the early match programs, with results given to applicants by early February (6 weeks before NRMP match). Applications are accepted starting Sep 1, with some programs accepting applications until early Jan.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.auanet.org/education/accredited-us-urology-programs.cfm|title=American Urological Association - Accredited U.S. Urology Residency Programs|website=Auanet.org}}</ref>

It is a relatively competitive specialty to match into, with only 65.6% of US seniors matching in the 2022 match cycle.<ref name="auajournals.org">{{cite journal |url=https://www.auajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1097/JU.0000000000002839 |title=Urology Residency Match: Trends and Costs |date=2022 |doi=10.1097/JU.0000000000002839 |access-date=2022-09-05 |last1=Guckien |first1=Zoe |last2=Singh |first2=Nikhi P. |last3=Boyd |first3=Carter J. |last4=Rais-Bahrami |first4=Soroush |journal=Journal of Urology |volume=208 |issue=4 |pages=767–770 |pmid=35748668 |s2cid=249988399 }}</ref> The number of positions has grown from 278 in 2012 to 356 in 2022. Matching is significantly more difficult for IMGs and students who have a year or more off before residency - match rates were 27% and 55% respectively in 2012.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.urologymatch.com/node/2|title=Urology Residency Guide - Urology Match|website=Urologymatch.com}}</ref>

The medical school environment may also be a factor. A study in 2012 also showed after an analysis of match rates from schools between 2005 and 2009 that 20 schools sent more than 15 students into urology (1 [[standard deviation]] above the [[median]]), with Northwestern University sending 44 students over those five years.<ref>{{cite journal |pmc=3058515|year=2010|last1=Kutikov|first1=A|title=The Gatekeeper Disparity: Why Do Some Medical Schools Send More Medical Students into Urology?|journal=The Journal of Urology|volume=185|issue=2|pages=647–652|last2=Bonslaver|first2=J|last3=Casey|first3=J. T.|last4=Degrado|first4=J|last5=Dusseault|first5=B. N.|last6=Fox|first6=J. A.|last7=Lashley-Rogers|first7=D|last8=Richardson|first8=I|last9=Smaldone|first9=M. C.|last10=Steinberg|first10=P. L.|last11=Trivedi|first11=D. B.|last12=Routh|first12=J. C.|doi=10.1016/j.juro.2010.09.113|pmid=21168862}}</ref>

After urology residency, there are seven subspecialties recognized by the AUA (American Urological Association):
* Oncology
* Calculi
* Female Urology
* Infertility
* Pediatrics
* Transplant (renal)
* Neurourology.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.urologymatch.com/node/85|title=Urology - An Overview - Urology Match|website=Urologymatch.com|access-date=2016-09-28|archive-date=2022-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819122228/http://www.urologymatch.com/node/85|url-status=dead}}</ref>