Editing University of Waterloo (section)

=== Twentieth century ===
The University of Waterloo traces its origins to Waterloo College (present-day [[Wilfrid Laurier University]]), the academic outgrowth of [[Waterloo Lutheran Seminary]], which was affiliated with the [[University of Western Ontario]] since 1925.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=23}} When [[Gerald Hagey]] assumed the presidency of Waterloo College in 1953, he made it his priority to procure the funds necessary to expand the institution. While the main source of income for higher education in Ontario at the time was the provincial government, the Ontario government made it clear it would not contribute to denominational colleges and universities.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=25}}

Hagey soon became aware of the steps undertaken by [[McMaster University]] to make itself eligible for some provincial funding by establishing Hamilton College as a separate, non-denominational college affiliated with the university.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=25}} Following that method, Waterloo College established the Waterloo College Associate Faculties on 4 April 1956, as a non-denominational board affiliated with the college.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=28}} The academic structure of the Associated Faculties was originally focused on co-operative education in the applied sciences—largely built around the proposals of [[Ira Needles]]. Needles proposed a different approach towards education, including both studies in the classroom and training in industry that would eventually become the basis of the university's co-operative education program.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wpl.ca/sites/default/files/waterloo_150/needles_ira.pdf|title=Ira G. Needles|publisher=Waterloo Public Library |access-date=5 May 2015|archive-date=6 February 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180206233956/https://www.wpl.ca/sites/default/files/waterloo_150/needles_ira.pdf}}</ref> While the plan was initially opposed by the [[Engineering Institute of Canada]] and other Canadian universities, notably the University of Western Ontario, the Associated Faculties admitted its first students in July 1957.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=40}}

On 25 January 1958, the Associated Faculties announced the purchase of over {{convert|74|ha}} of land west of Waterloo College. By the end of the same year, the Associated Faculties opened its first building on the site, the Chemical Engineering Building.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=43}}
{{quote box|width=20%|align=right|quote="The greatest product which we will realize from our electronic era is the better educated race. This applies to all fields – not just the field of science." |source= — [[Ira Needles]], 1956<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uwaterloo.ca/about/who-we-are/history|title=History – University of Waterloo|publisher=University of Waterloo|access-date=2 July 2012|date=5 April 2012}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last=Needles|first=Ira G.|title=Wanted: 150,000 Engineers and Technicians The Waterloo Plan|url=http://digital.library.uwaterloo.ca/uwdl-79b98afa-269a-46b7-82d9-04632abd5d4b/wanted-150000-engineers-and-technicians-waterloo-plan|website=Waterloo Digital Library|publisher=B.F. Goodrich Canada Ltd.|access-date=11 January 2018|date=27 August 1956}}</ref>}}

In 1959, the [[Legislative Assembly of Ontario]] passed an act that formally split the Associated Faculties from Waterloo College, and re-established it as the University of Waterloo.<ref>{{cite book|title=Recollections of Waterloo College|publisher=Wilfrid Laurier University Press|year=2004|page=107|last=Roy|first=Flora|isbn=0-88920-473-X}}</ref> The governance was modeled on the University of Toronto Act of 1906, which established a bicameral system of university government consisting of a senate, responsible for academic policy, and a board of governors exercising exclusive control over financial policy and having formal authority in all other matters. The president, appointed by the board, was to act as the institution's chief executive officer and act as a liaison between the two groups.<ref>{{cite web|author=P. Anisef; J. Lennards; P. Axelrod|url=https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/university|title=Universities in Canada|publisher=The Canadian Encyclopedia|date=20 July 2015|access-date=20 August 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191025162902/https://thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/university|archive-date=25 October 2019|url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[File:Wes Graham (right) University of Waterloo IBM (cropped).jpg|thumb|[[Wes Graham]] (right) with an IBM computer, Waterloo was one of the first universities in North America to establish a department of computer science.]]

The legislative act was the result of a great deal of negotiation between Waterloo College, Waterloo College Associated Faculties, and [[St. Jerome's University|St. Jerome's College]], another denominational college in the City of Waterloo. While the agreements sought to safeguard the two denominational colleges, they also aimed at federating them with the newly established University of Waterloo.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=44}} Due to disagreements with Waterloo College, the college was not formally federated with the new university. The dispute centred on a controversially worded section of the ''University of Waterloo Act, 1959'', in which the college interpreted certain sections as a guarantee it would become the Faculty of Art for the new university. This was something the Associated Faculties were not prepared to accept.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=46}} As a result of the controversy, Waterloo College's entire Department of Mathematics broke from the college to join the newly established University of Waterloo, later joined by professors from the Economic, German, Modern Languages, and Russian departments.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=47}} Despite this controversy, until 1960 Hagey hoped for a last-minute compromise between Waterloo College and the university. Ultimately, however, the university created its own Faculty of Arts in 1960.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=107}} It later established the first Faculty of Mathematics in North America on 1 January 1967.{{sfn|Scott|1967|p=125}} In 1967, the world's first department of kinesiology was created.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uwaterloo.ca/kinesiology/|title=Kinesiology|publisher=University of Waterloo|access-date=3 January 2014|date=20 August 2012|archive-date=3 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140103192659/https://uwaterloo.ca/kinesiology/|url-status=dead}}</ref> The present legislative act which defines how the university should be governed, the ''University of Waterloo Act, 1972'' was passed on 10 May 1972.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://uwaterloo.ca/water-under-the-bridge/1972|title=1972 The Act and the moratorium|publisher= University of Waterloo|last1=Redmond|first1=Chris|last2=Troll|first2=Simon|year=1998|work=Water Under the Bridge: An unofficial history of the University of Waterloo|access-date=18 October 2014}}</ref>

A coat of arms has been in use by the university since 1961. The coat of arms was officially registered with the [[Lord Lyon King of Arms]] in 1987 and with the [[Canadian Heraldic Authority]] in 2001.<ref name="comot">{{cite web|url=http://gradcalendar.uwaterloo.ca/page/GSO-University-Colours-Arms-and-Motto-Mace|title=University Colours, Arms & Motto, Mace|publisher=University of Waterloo|access-date=5 July 2012|archive-date=5 July 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120705143908/http://gradcalendar.uwaterloo.ca/page/GSO-University-Colours-Arms-and-Motto-Mace|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://reg.gg.ca/heraldry/pub-reg/project.asp?lang=e&ProjectID=186|title=University of Waterloo [Civil Institution]|last=General|first=The Office of the Secretary to the Governor|website=reg.gg.ca|access-date=11 October 2017}}</ref>

In February 1995, the former president of the university, [[James Downey (academic)|James Downey]], signed the Tri-University Group (TUG) agreement between Wilfrid Laurier University, and the [[University of Guelph]]. Signed in a period of fiscal constraint, and when ageing library systems required replacing, the TUG agreement sought to integrate the library collections and services of the three universities.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tug-libraries.on.ca/about-tug/tug-history|title=How TUG began|access-date=14 December 2014|publisher=TriUniversity Group of Libraries|url-status=dead|archive-date=15 December 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141215012034/http://www.tug-libraries.on.ca/about-tug/tug-history}}</ref>