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===Foundation=== [[File:UNSW first council meeting.jpg|thumb|University council's first meeting in 1949]] The origins of the university can be traced to the [[Sydney Mechanics' School of Arts]] established in 1833 and the Sydney Technical College established in 1878.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/sydney_technical_college|title=Sydney Technical College|website=dictionaryofsydney.org|access-date=29 January 2017|archive-date=26 April 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426114930/http://dictionaryofsydney.org/entry/sydney_technical_college|url-status=live}}</ref> These institutions were established to meet the growing demand for capabilities in new technologies as the New South Wales economy shifted from its pastoral base to industries fuelled by the industrial age.<ref name=":1" /> The idea of founding the university originated from the crisis demands of World War II, during which the nation's attention was drawn to the critical role that science and technology played in transforming an agricultural society into a modern and industrial one.<ref name="UNSW History1">O'Farrell, ''UNSW, a portrait: the University of New South Wales, 1949-1999'', UNSW Press, 1999, p. 15 {{ISBN|0-86840-417-9}}</ref> The post-war [[Australian Labor Party (New South Wales Branch)|Labor government]] of New South Wales recognised the increasing need to have a university specialised in training high-quality engineers and technology-related professionals in numbers beyond that of the capacity and characteristics of the existing [[University of Sydney]].<ref name="UNSW History1" /> This led to the proposal to establish the Institute of Technology, submitted by the then-New South Wales [[List of New South Wales Government Agencies|Minister for Education]] [[Bob Heffron]], accepted on 9 July 1946. The university, originally named the "New South Wales University of Technology", gained its statutory status through the enactment of the ''New South Wales University of Technology Act 1949 (NSW)'' by the [[Parliament of New South Wales]] in Sydney in 1949.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Technical Education and New South Wales University of Technology Act 1949 No 11 |url=http://classic.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/nsw/num_act/teanswuota1949n11670/ |access-date=16 April 2023 |website=classic.austlii.edu.au}}</ref>
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