Editing USS S-1 (section)

==Service history==

===United States Navy===

====Inter-war period====
[[File:USS S-1 (SS-105).jpg|thumb|left|''S-1'']]
[[File:Martin MS-1 being assembled on SS-105 1923.jpg|thumb|left|A {{nowrap|[[Martin MS]]-1}} being assembled on {{nowrap|''S-1''}} in&nbsp;1923.]]
''S-1'' began her service operations in July 1920 with a cruise to [[Bermuda]] attached to Submarine Division 2 (SubDiv&nbsp;2), with subsequent operations out of [[New London, Connecticut]], cruising the [[New England]] coast until 1923. On 2&nbsp;January 1923, she shifted to SubDiv&nbsp;Zero, a division created for experimental work, and conducted winter maneuvers in the [[Caribbean Sea]]. As a single-ship division, SubDiv Zero, she returned to New London in the spring to continue experimental duty.

As part of a series of studies conducted by the [[United States Navy]] after [[World War I]] into the possibility of submarine-borne observation and scouting aircraft, ''S-1'' became the experimental platform for this project late in 1923. She was altered by having a steel capsule mounted abaft the [[conning tower]]; a cylindrical pod which could house a small collapsible [[seaplane]], the {{nowrap|[[Martin MS]]-1.}} After surfacing, this plane could be rolled out, quickly assembled, and launched by ballasting the sub until the deck was awash. These experiments were carried out into 1926 using the Martin-built plane, constructed of wood and fabric, and the all-metal Cox-Klemin versions, [[Cox-Klemin XS-2|XS-1 and XS-2]]. The first full cycle of surfacing, assembly, launching, retrieving, disassembly, and submergence took place on 28 July 1926, on the [[Thames River (Connecticut)|Thames River]] at New London.

Following the aircraft experiments, ''S-1'' served as flagship for SubDiv&nbsp;2 until July 1927, when she was transferred to SubDiv&nbsp;4. While attached to this division, she made operational cruises to the [[Panama Canal Zone]] in 1928–1930, during the spring months. She visited ports at [[Cristobal, Canal Zone]] and [[Coco Solo, Canal Zone]]; [[Cartagena, Colombia]]; [[Kingston, Jamaica]]; and [[Guantánamo Bay, Cuba]], during these cruises, and spent the remaining months of those years operating along the New England coast, out of New London.

January 1931 found her at [[Pearl Harbor]]. She remained there into 1937; first, attached to SubDiv&nbsp;7, SubRon&nbsp;4, then, from July 1932 – July 1933, attached to Rotating Reserve SubDiv&nbsp;14. She was returned to SubDiv&nbsp;7 in August, and remained with that division until departing in May 1937 for Philadelphia. ''S-1'' arrived at Philadelphia on 22 July and commenced overhaul for deactivation. She was decommissioned on 20 October.

====World War II====
On 16 October 1940, ''S-1'' was recommissioned at [[Philadelphia]]. She then made two cruises to [[Bermuda]], training submariners, and returned to Philadelphia from the second cruise on 7 December 1941. There, she prepared for transfer to Britain under the [[Lend-Lease]] program. She was decommissioned and turned over to the British on 20 April 1942. Her name was struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register]] on 24 June.

===Royal Navy===
''S-1'' served the [[Royal Navy]] as ''HMS '''P.552''''' as a training vessel for [[anti-submarine warfare]]. In poor condition after arriving in [[Durban]], Natal, [[Union of South Africa|South Africa]], she was often in repair and she was declared unseaworthy in January 1944.<ref>[http://uboat.net/allies/warships/ship/3659.html uboat.net – Allied Warships – Submarine HMS P 552 of the S-1 class]</ref>

She was returned to the U.S. Navy at Durban on 16 October 1944, where she was stripped of vital parts and machinery, and her hull was sold for local scrapping on 20 July 1945 and she was scrapped there on 14 September of that year.