Editing Transubstantiation (section)

=== Summary ===
From the earliest centuries, the Church spoke of the elements used in celebrating the Eucharist as being changed into the body and blood of Christ. Terms used to speak of the alteration included "trans-elementation".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philip Schaff: NPNF2-05. Gregory of Nyssa: Dogmatic Treatises, Etc. – Christian Classics Ethereal Library |url=https://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf205/npnf205.xi.ii.xxxix.html |access-date=2021-11-11 |website=ccel.org}}</ref> The bread and wine were said to be "made",<ref>{{Cite web |title=Church Fathers: Catechetical Lecture 23 (Cyril of Jerusalem) |url=https://www.newadvent.org/fathers/310123.htm |access-date=2021-11-11 |website=newadvent.org}}</ref> "changed into",<ref>{{Cite web |title=Philip Schaff: NPNF2-09. Hilary of Poitiers, John of Damascus – Christian Classics Ethereal Library |url=https://ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf209/npnf209.iii.iv.iv.xiii.html |access-date=2021-11-11 |website=ccel.org}}</ref> the body and blood of Christ. Similarly, [[Augustine of Hippo|Augustine]] said: "Not all bread, but only that which receives the blessing of Christ {{em|becomes}} the body of Christ."<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://archive.org/details/fathersofthechur009512mbp/page/n247/mode/2up?q=becomes |title=Sermon 234|year=1959|publisher=Fathers Of The Church}}</ref>

The term "transubstantiation" was used at least by the 11th century to speak of the change and was in widespread use by the 12th century. The [[Fourth Council of the Lateran]] used it in 1215. When later theologians adopted [[Metaphysics (Aristotle)|Aristotelian metaphysics]] in Western Europe, they explained the change that was already part of Catholic teaching in terms of [[Aristotelian theology|Aristotelian]] substance and accidents. The sixteenth-century [[Reformation]] gave this as a reason for rejecting the Catholic teaching. The [[Council of Trent]] did not impose the Aristotelian [[Substance theory|theory of substance]] and accidents or the term "transubstantiation" in its Aristotelian meaning, but stated that the term is a fitting and proper term for the change that takes place by consecration of the bread and wine. The term, which for that Council had no essential dependence on [[scholasticism|scholastic ideas]], is used in the Catholic Church to affirm the fact of Christ's presence and the mysterious and radical change which takes place, but not to explain {{em|how}} the change takes place,<ref name=ARCIC/> since this occurs "in a way surpassing understanding".<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Catechism of the Catholic Church – The sacrament of the Eucharist, 1333. |url=https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p2s2c1a3.htm |access-date=2020-01-05 |website=vatican.va |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200204020023/https://www.vatican.va/archive/ccc_css/archive/catechism/p2s2c1a3.htm |archive-date=2020-02-04 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The term is mentioned in both the 1992 and 1997 editions of the ''[[Catechism of the Catholic Church]]'' and is given prominence in the later (2005) ''[[Compendium of the Catechism of the Catholic Church]]''.