Editing Transport in Hong Kong (section)

==Rail transport==
{{Main|Rail transport in Hong Kong}}
[[File:Rush hour, Hong Kong MTR.jpg|thumb|200px|right|Inside an [[MTR]] [[Tsuen Wan line]] train compartment during peak hours]]
[[File:D016-D018 MTR East Rail Line 02-08-2022.jpg|thumb|200px|right|A train at [[University station (MTR)|University station]] of the [[MTR]] [[East Rail line]]. This train, the [[MTR Hyundai Rotem EMU|Hyundai Rotem EMU]], replaced all prior rolling stock on the East Rail line]]
Hong Kong has an extensive railway network, and the Hong Kong Government has long established that the public transit system has the "railway as its backbone". Public transport trains are operated by the [[MTR Corporation]]. The MTR operates the [[rapid transit|metro]] network within inner urban Hong Kong, [[Kowloon Peninsula]] and the northern part of [[Hong Kong Island]] with newly developed areas, [[Tsuen Wan]], [[Tseung Kwan O]], [[Tung Chung]], [[Hong Kong Disneyland]], the [[Hong Kong International Airport]], the northeastern and northwestern parts of the [[New Territories]]. The [[Hong Kong Tramways]] operates a tram service exclusively on northern [[Hong Kong Island]]. The [[Peak Tram]] connects [[Central, Hong Kong|Central]], Hong Kong's central business district, with [[Victoria Peak]].

===Mass Transit Railway===
{{Main|MTR}}
Opened in 1979, the system now includes 240.6&nbsp;km (149.5&nbsp;mi) of rail with 167 stations, including 98 railway [[List of MTR stations|stations]] and 68 [[Light Rail (MTR)|light rail]] stops. The railway lines include the [[East Rail line|East Rail]], [[Kwun Tong line|Kwun Tong]], [[Tsuen Wan line|Tsuen Wan]], [[Island line (MTR)|Island]], [[Tung Chung line|Tung Chung]], [[Tseung Kwan O line|Tseung Kwan O]], [[Tuen Ma line|Tuen Ma]], [[South Island line|South Island]], the [[Airport Express (MTR)|Airport Express]] and the [[Disneyland Resort line|Disneyland Resort]] lines. Eight of the lines provide general metro services, whereas the Airport Express provides a direct link from the [[Hong Kong International Airport]] into the city centre, and the Disneyland Resort Line exclusively takes passengers to and from [[Hong Kong Disneyland]].

The [[Light Rail (MTR)|Light Rail]] possesses many characteristics of a tramway, including running on streets with other traffic (at grade) on most of its tracks and providing services for the public in the northwestern [[New Territories]], including [[Tuen Mun]] and [[Yuen Long]].

All trains and underground MTR stations are air-conditioned.

===Tramways===
[[File:HK Central-Tram Nos. 15, 13, 40 and 48.jpg|thumb|200px|right|The [[Hong Kong Tramways]]]]
{{Main|Hong Kong Tramways}}
The Hong Kong Tramways is the tram system run exclusively with [[double decker tram|double decker]]s.<ref>{{Cite book|edition=12th|publisher=Lonely Planet Publications|isbn=1-74059-843-1|page=[https://archive.org/details/hongkongmacau00fall/page/302 302]|last=Fallon|first=Stephen|title=Hong Kong & Macau|chapter=Tram|date=January 2006|chapter-url-access=registration|chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/hongkongmacau00fall/page/302}}</ref> The electric tram system was proposed in 1881;<ref>{{Cite book|publisher=Ashgate Publishing|isbn=1-84014-171-9|page=110|last=Dimitriou|first=Harry T.|author2=Alison H. S. Cook|title=Land-Use/Transport Planning in Hong Kong: The End of an Era: A Review of Principles and Practices|year=1998}}</ref> however nobody was willing to invest in a system at the time. In August 1901, the Second Tramway Bill was introduced and passed into law as the 1902 Tramway Ordinance. Hong Kong Tramway Electric Company Limited, a British company, was authorised to take the responsibilities in construction and daily operation. In 1904, the tram system first got into service. It was soon taken over by another company, Electric Tranction Company of Hong Kong Limited and then the name was changed to Hong Kong Tramways Company Limited in 1910.

The rail system is {{convert|13|km|mi}} long,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Bondada|first=Murthy V. A.|title=Urban Public Transportation Systems: Implementing Efficient Urban Transit Systems and Enhancing Transit Usage: Proceedings of the First International Conference: March&nbsp;21–25, 1999, Miami, Florida, USA|year=2000|publisher=American Society of Civil Engineers|isbn=0-7844-0498-4|page=240}}
</ref> with a total track length of {{convert|30|km|mi|abbr=on}},<ref>{{Cite book|last=Cheng|first=Joseph Y. S.|author2=Yushuo Zheng, Hungyi Chen|title=Hong Kong in Transition|year=1986|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Hong Kong|isbn=0-19-584061-5|page=379}}</ref> and it runs together with other vehicles on the street. Its operation relies on the 550V [[direct current]] (d.c.) from the [[overhead cable]]s, on 3'6" gauge (1067&nbsp;mm) [[rail gauge|tracks]]. The trams provide service to only parts of [[Hong Kong Island]]: they run on a double track along the northern coast of [[Hong Kong Island]] from [[Kennedy Town]] to [[Shau Kei Wan]], with a single [[Clockwise and counterclockwise|clockwise]]-running track of about {{convert|3|km|mi}} around [[Happy Valley, Hong Kong|Happy Valley]] Racecourse.

===Funicular railways===
[[File:Peak Tram(Green light) 10-09-2022(2).jpg|thumb|200px|right|The [[Peak Tram]] ]]
There are two [[funicular|funicular railway]] services in Hong Kong:

* The [[Peak Tram]] carries both tourists and residents to the upper levels of Hong Kong Island. It provides the most direct route to [[Victoria Peak]] and offers scenic views over [[Victoria Harbour]] and the skyscrapers of Hong Kong. It was inaugurated in 1888.
* The [[Ocean Express (funicular)|Ocean Express]] operates within the paid area of the [[Ocean Park Hong Kong|Ocean Park]] theme park. It links two parts of the park, operating entirely in a tunnel. The ride is themed, and uses multimedia effects to simulate the feeling of travelling into the depths of the sea. It was opened in 2009.

=== Airport people-mover system ===
[[File:Image-Hkaiport subway02.JPG|thumb|right|200px|The platform of the [[Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover]]]]
{{Main|Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover}}

The [[Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover]] is a driverless [[List of airport people mover systems|people-mover system]] located within the [[Hong Kong International Airport]] in [[Chek Lap Kok]]. It operates in two "segments". For departures, the train runs from Terminal 2 to the East Hall to the West Hall. For arrivals, the train runs only from the West Hall to the East Hall, where all passengers must disembark for immigration, customs, and baggage claim. Operation of the first segment commenced in 1998, and the operation of the second segment commenced in early-2007. The HKIA APM is being extended to the future Terminal 2 Concourse, which is being constructed and will be finished by 2024.

There is another system between the terminals. There is also a [[travellator]] which can be used.

=== Cross-border trains ===
[[Inter-city rail|Inter-city]] train services crossing the Hong Kong-China boundary are known as Intercity Through Trains. They are jointly operated by Hong Kong's [[MTR Corporation]] and [[China Railway High-speed]]. [[Hung Hom station]] (formerly called ''Kowloon station'') and [[Hong Kong West Kowloon railway station|West Kowloon Terminus]] are the stations in Hong Kong where passengers can catch these trains. Passengers have to go through immigration and customs before boarding. There are currently four through train routes:

* Between Hong Kong and Beijing ([[Beijing–Kowloon through train]])
* Between Hong Kong and Shanghai ([[Shanghai–Kowloon through train]])
* Between Hong Kong and [[Guangzhou]] ([[Guangzhou–Kowloon through train]])
* Between Hong Kong and Guangzhou ([[Guangzhou–Shenzhen–Hong Kong Express Rail Link]]) (XRL)

In 2024, Hung Hom cross-border trains are halted.