Editing Toyotomi Hideyoshi (section)

== Service under Nobunaga (1558–1582) ==
{{Main|Battle of Okehazama|Siege of Inabayama|Siege of Kanegasaki (1570)|Battle of Anegawa}}
In 1558, Hideyoshi became an ''[[ashigaru]]'' for the powerful [[Oda clan]], the rulers of his home province of [[Owari Province|Owari]], now headed by the ambitious [[Oda Nobunaga]].<ref name=sam />
Hideyoshi soon became Nobunaga's [[sandal-bearer]], a position of relatively high status.<ref>Samurai Archives: [http://www.samurai-archives.com/hideyoshi.html Toyotomi Hideyoshi] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101224231135/http://www.samurai-archives.com/hideyoshi.html |date=December 24, 2010 }}</ref> According to his biographers, Hideyoshi also supervised the repair of [[Kiyosu Castle]], a claim described as "[[Apocrypha#Metaphorical usage|apocryphal]]", and managed the kitchen.<ref name="Berry38">[https://books.google.com/books?id=HQTbDphPKmoC&pg=PA38 Berry 1982, p. 38]</ref> After Nobunaga noticed his talents at the [[Battle of Okehazama]] in 1560, when Nobunaga defeated [[Imagawa Yoshimoto]], he became one of Nobunaga's trusted retainers.

In 1561, Hideyoshi married [[Nene (person)|One]], the adopted daughter of [[Asano Nagakatsu]], a descendant of [[Minamoto no Yorimitsu]]. Hideyoshi carried out repairs on [[Sunomata Castle]] with his younger half-brother, [[Toyotomi Hidenaga|Hashiba Koichirō]], along with [[Hachisuka Masakatsu]], and [[Maeno Nagayasu]]. Hideyoshi's efforts were well-received because Sunomata was in enemy territory, and according to legend Hideyoshi constructed a fort in Sunomata overnight and discovered a secret route into [[Mount Kinka (Gifu)|Mount Inaba]], after which much of the local garrison surrendered.<ref name=" Berry179" />{{citation needed|date=March 2020}}

[[File:YoshiClimber.jpg|thumb|200px|''[[One Hundred Aspects of the Moon]]'' No.{{nnbsp}}6, by [[Tsukioka Yoshitoshi|Yoshitoshi]]: "Mount Inaba Moon" 1885, 12th month. The young Toyotomi Hideyoshi (then named ''Kinoshita Tōkichirō'') leads a small group assaulting the castle on [[Mount Kinka (Gifu)|Mount Inaba]]. ]]

In 1564, Hideyoshi found success as a negotiator. He managed to convince a number of [[Mino Province|Mino]] warlords to desert the [[Saitō clan]], mostly with liberal bribes. This included the Saitō clan's strategist, [[Takenaka Shigeharu]].{{citation needed|date=March 2020}}

Nobunaga's easy victory at the [[siege of Inabayama Castle]] in 1567 was largely due to Hideyoshi's efforts,<ref name=Sansom2>{{Cite book |last=Sansom |first=George |title=A History of Japan, 1334–1615 |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1961 |isbn=978-0-8047-0525-7 |page=278}}</ref> and despite his peasant origins, in 1568 Hideyoshi became one of Nobunaga's most distinguished generals, eventually taking the name {{Nihongo|'''Hashiba Hideyoshi'''|羽柴 秀吉}}. The new surname included two characters, one each from Oda's right-hand men {{Nihongo|[[Niwa Nagahide|Ni'''wa''' Nagahide]]|丹'''羽''' 長秀}} and {{Nihongo|[[Shibata Katsuie|'''Shiba'''ta Katsuie]]|'''柴'''田 勝家}}, and the new given name included characters from {{Nihongo|[[Akechi Mitsuhide|Akechi Mitsu'''hide''']]|明智 光'''秀'''}} and {{Nihongo|[[Mori Yoshinari|Mori '''Yoshi'''nari]]|森 '''吉'''成}}.

In 1570, Hideyoshi protected Nobunaga's retreat from [[Azai clan|Azai]]-[[Asakura clan|Asakura]] forces at [[Kanegasaki]]. Later, in June 1570, Nobunaga allied with [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]] at the [[Battle of Anegawa]] to lay siege to two fortresses of the Azai and Asakura clans, and Hideyoshi was assigned to lead [[Oda clan|Oda]] troops into open battle for the first time.<ref name="Berry38" /><ref name=Turnbull>{{Cite book |last=Turnbull |first=Stephen |title=Battles of the Samurai |publisher=Arms and Armour Press |year=1987 |isbn=978-0-85368-826-6 |page=62}}</ref>

In 1573, after victorious campaigns against the Azai and Asakura, Nobunaga appointed Hideyoshi ''[[daimyō]]'' of three districts in the northern part of [[Ōmi Province]]. Initially, Hideyoshi stayed at the former Azai headquarters at [[Odani Castle]], but moved to Kunitomo town and renamed it "[[Nagahama, Shiga|Nagahama]]" in tribute to Nobunaga. Hideyoshi later moved to the port at Imahama on [[Lake Biwa]], where he began work on Imahama Castle and took control of the nearby Kunitomo [[firearms]] factory that had been established some years previously by the Azai and Asakura. Under Hideyoshi's administration, the factory's output of firearms increased dramatically.<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=HQTbDphPKmoC&pg=PA54 Berry 1982, p. 54]</ref> Later, Hideyoshi participated in the 1573 [[siege of Nagashima]].<ref name="Cassell">{{cite book|last1=Turnbull|first1=Stephen|title=The Samurai Sourcebook|date=2000|publisher=Cassell & Co|location=London|isbn=978-1-85409-523-7|pages=87,223–224,228,230–232}}</ref>

In 1574, Hideyoshi and [[Araki Murashige]] captured [[Siege of Itami (1574)|Itami Castle]], and later in 1575, he fought in the [[Battle of Nagashino]] against the [[Takeda clan]].<ref name="Steve">{{cite book|last1=Turnbull|first1=Stephen|title=The Samurai|date=1977|publisher=Macmillan Publishing Co., Inc.|location=New York|isbn=978-0-02-620540-5|pages=156–160}}</ref>

In 1576, he took part in the [[Siege of Mitsuji]], part of the eleven-year [[Ishiyama Hongan-ji War]]. Later, Nobunaga sent Hideyoshi to [[Himeji Castle]] to conquer the [[Chūgoku region]] from the [[Mōri clan|Mori clan]]. Hideyoshi then fought in the [[Battle of Tedorigawa]] (1577), the [[siege of Miki]] (1578), the [[siege of Tottori]] (1581) and the [[siege of Takamatsu]] (1582).<ref name=Cassell />

=== Death of Nobunaga ===
{{Main|Honnō-ji incident|Battle of Yamazaki}}

On June 21, 1582, during the [[Siege of Takamatsu]], [[Oda Nobunaga]] and his eldest son and heir [[Oda Nobutada|Nobutada]] were both killed in the [[Honnō-ji incident]]. Their assassination ended Nobunaga's quest to consolidate centralised power in [[Japan]] under his authority. Hideyoshi, seeking vengeance for the death of his lord, made peace with the [[Mōri clan]] and thirteen days later met [[Akechi Mitsuhide]] and defeated him at the [[Battle of Yamazaki]], avenging Nobunaga and taking his authority and power for himself.<ref name=Cassell />{{rp|275–279}}

Meanwhile, the [[Hōjō clan]] and the Uesugi clan invaded Kai and Shinano province when they heard of Nobunaga's death, beginning the [[Tokugawa Ieyasu#Tenshō-Jingo war|Tenshō-Jingo war]].{{efn|The name "Tenshō-Jingo War" was coined by Tashiro Takashi in 1980.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Okamoto Ryoichi (岡本亮一) |title=日本城郭史研究叢書 第8巻 大坂城の諸研究 |trans-title=Japanese Castle History Research Series Vol. 8 Various Studies on Osaka Castle |date=1982 |publisher=名著出版 |isbn=4404010362 |pages=412–413 |url=https://www.kosho.or.jp/products/detail.php?product_id=445990645 |access-date=June 6, 2024 |language=Ja}}</ref><ref>{{harvtxt|Okamoto Ryoichi (岡本亮一) |1982 |pp=41-42}}</ref>}}<ref name="Tensho Jingo war">{{cite web |author1=Masaru Hirayama |title=天正壬午の乱【増補改訂版】─本能寺の変と東国戦国史 |trans-title=Tensho Migo Rebellion [revised and enlarged edition] - Honnoji Incident and the history of the Sengoku period in the Togoku region |url=https://sengokumap.net/history/1582-4/ |publisher=Ebisukosyo |access-date=May 17, 2024 |language=Ja |date=2016}}</ref>{{sfn|Hirayama|2015|pp=82,124,126}} When the Oda clan learned of the defeat of [[Takigawa Kazumasu]] at the [[Battle of Kanagawa]] by the Hōjō clan, Hideyoshi sent a letter to Ieyasu on July 7 giving him authorization to lead military operations to secure the two provinces from the Hōjō and Uesugi clans.{{efn|Ieyasu's position and actions here are not those of an independent feudal lord, but as a feudal lord under the Oda regime, with the aim of defeating the Hojo clan<ref>{{Cite journal|author=Miyagawa Nobuo |date=2012|title=天正期北関東政治史の一齣 : 徳川・羽柴両氏との関係を中心に |trans-title=A Scene in the Political History of Northern Kanto during the Tensho Period: Focusing on the Relationship with the Tokugawa and Hashiba Clan|url=http://repo.komazawa-u.ac.jp/opac/repository/all/32738/|journal=駒沢史学|issue=78|pages=19–37|publisher=駒沢史学会|issn=0450-6928}}(Addendum: Kazuhiro Marushima (丸島和洋), 2011, page 4)</ref>}} As the war turned in Ieyasu's favor and Sanada Masayuki defected to the Tokugawa side, the Hōjō clan negotiated a truce.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Masaru Hirayama |title=真田信之 : 父の知略に勝った決断力 |date=2016 |publisher=PHP研究所 |isbn=9784569830438 |url=https://www.book61.co.jp/book.php/N74723 |access-date=May 17, 2024 |language=Ja}}</ref> Hōjō Ujinobu and [[Ii Naomasa]] were the Hōjō and Tokugawa representatives for the preliminary meetings.<ref>{{cite book |author1=Aida Nirō |title=日本古文書学の諸問題 |date=1976 |publisher=名著出版 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SrANAQAAMAAJ |access-date=May 15, 2024 |language=Ja}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=千葉琢穂 |title=藤原氏族系図 6  |trans-title=Fujiwara clan genealogy 6 |date=1989 |publisher=展望社 |page=227 |url=https://www.kosho.or.jp/products/detail.php?product_id=3188838 |access-date=May 15, 2024}}</ref> Representatives from the Oda clan such as [[Oda Nobukatsu]], [[Oda Nobutaka]], and Hideyoshi himself mediated the negotiation until the truce officially took effect in October with both Ieyasu and [[Hōjō Ujinao]] exchanging family members as hostages as a sign of goodwill.<ref>{{harvtxt|Kazuhiro Marushima (丸島和洋)|2015|p=33–52}}</ref>