Editing Thurstan (section)

==Controversy and exile==
The [[Archbishop of Canterbury]], [[Ralph d'Escures]], refused to consecrate Thurstan unless the archbishop-elect made a profession of obedience to the southern see.<ref name=Bartlett394/> This was part of the long-running [[Canterbury-York dispute]], which started in 1070.<ref name=Church39>Barlow ''English Church'' pp. 39–44</ref> Thurstan refused to make such a profession,<ref name=Bartlett394>Bartlett ''England Under the Norman and Angevin Kings'' p. 394</ref> and asked the king for permission to go to Rome to consult [[Pope Paschal II]]. Henry I refused to allow him to make the journey, but even without a personal appeal from Thurstan, Paschal decided against Canterbury. At the [[Council of Salisbury]] in 1116 the English king ordered Thurstan to submit to Canterbury, but instead Thurstan publicly resigned the archbishopric.<ref name=Cantor305>Cantor ''Church, Kingship, and Lay Investiture'' pp. 305–309</ref> On his way to the council, Thurstan had received letters from Paschal II that supported York and commanded that he should be consecrated without a profession. Similar letters had gone to Ralph d'Escures from the pope, ordering Ralph, as Archbishop of Canterbury, to consecrate Thurstan. After the news of the letters became public, Thurstan's resignation was ignored, and he continued to be considered the archbishop-elect.<ref name=HenryI242/>

Over the next three years, the new popes, [[Pope Gelasius II|Gelasius II]] and [[Pope Callixtus II|Calixtus II]], championed Thurstan's case, and on 19 October 1119 he was consecrated by Calixtus at [[Reims]].<ref name=BHOYork/><ref name=HenryI269>Hollister ''Henry I'' pp. 269–273</ref> Calixtus had earlier promised Henry that he would not consecrate Thurstan without the king's permission, which had still not been granted.<ref name=HenryI269/> Enraged at this, the king refused to allow the newly consecrated archbishop to enter England, and Thurstan remained for some time on the continent in the company of the pope.<ref name=Bartlett394/> While he was travelling with the pope, he also visited [[Adela of Normandy|Adela of Blois]], King Henry's sister, who was also Thurstan's spiritual daughter. At about this same time, Calixtus issued two bulls in Thurstan's favor: one released York from Canterbury's supremacy forever, and the other demanded the king allow Thurstan to return to York. The pope threatened an [[interdict]] on England as a punishment if the papal bull was not obeyed.<ref name=HenryI269/> At length, Thurstan's friends, including Adela, succeeded in reconciling him with Henry, and he rejoined the king in Normandy.<ref name=Cantor305/> At Easter 1120, he escorted Adela to the monastery of Marcigny, where she retired from active secular affairs.<ref name=LoPrete588>LoPrete "Anglo-Norman Card" ''Albion'' p. 588</ref> He was recalled to England in early 1121.<ref name=Cantor305/>