Editing Thomas L. Friedman (section)

==Journalism career==
[[File:Thomas Friedman, Columnist, The New York Times (15275914641).jpg|thumb|Friedman speaking at the [[Chatham House]] in London in September 2014]]
Friedman joined the London bureau of [[United Press International]] after completing his master's degree. He was dispatched a year later to [[Beirut]], where he lived from June 1979 to May 1981 while covering the [[Lebanon Civil War]]. He was hired by ''The New York Times'' as a reporter in 1981 and re-dispatched to Beirut at the start of the [[1982 Lebanon War|1982 Israeli invasion of Lebanon]]. His coverage of the war, particularly the [[Sabra and Shatila massacre]],<ref>{{cite news |last=Friedman |first=Thomas L. |url=https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?sec=health&res=9504E4D81138F935A1575AC0A964948260 |title=article by Thomas Friedman on Beirut massacre |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=September 26, 1982 |access-date=May 15, 2010 |archive-date=December 23, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223031514/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/26/world/the-beirut-massacre-the-four-days.html |url-status=live }}</ref> won him the [[Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting]] (shared with Loren Jenkins of ''[[The Washington Post]]'').<ref name=pulitzer /> Alongside [[David K. Shipler]], he also won the [[George Polk Award]] for foreign reporting.<ref>{{Cite news |date=February 27, 1983 |title=Winners of Polk Award For Journalism Named |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/02/27/nyregion/winners-of-polk-award-for-journalism-named.html |work=The New York Times}}</ref>

In June 1984, Friedman was transferred to [[Jerusalem]], where he served as the ''New York Times'' Jerusalem Bureau Chief until February 1988. That year he received a second Pulitzer Prize for International Reporting, which cited his coverage of the [[First Intifada|First Palestinian Intifada]].<ref name=pulitzer>{{cite web|url=http://www.pulitzer.org/bycat/International-Reporting|title=International Reporting: Past winners & finalists by category|website=The Pulitzer Prizes|access-date=March 25, 2012|archive-date=December 24, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151224123142/http://www.pulitzer.org/bycat/International-Reporting|url-status=live}}</ref> He wrote a book, ''[[From Beirut to Jerusalem]]'', describing his experiences in the Middle East,<ref>{{cite web |title=Thomas L. Friedman – Bio |url=http://www.usc.edu/dept/pubrel/specialevents/gc2011/bios/bioFriedman.php?iframe |publisher=University of Southern California |access-date=August 5, 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527171242/http://www.usc.edu/dept/pubrel/specialevents/gc2011//bios/bioFriedman.php?iframe |archive-date=May 27, 2011 }}</ref> which won the 1989 U.S. [[National Book Award for Nonfiction]].<ref name=nba1989>{{cite web |url=https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1989 |title=National Book Awards – 1989 |publisher=[[National Book Foundation]] |access-date=March 25, 2012 |archive-date=January 31, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190131145521/https://www.nationalbook.org/awards-prizes/national-book-awards-1989/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Friedman covered [[U.S. Secretary of State|Secretary of State]] [[James Baker]] during the administration of President [[George H. W. Bush]]. Following the election of [[Bill Clinton]] in 1992, Friedman became the [[White House correspondent]] for the ''New York Times''. In 1994, he began to write more about [[foreign policy]] and [[economics]], and moved to the [[op-ed]] page of ''The New York Times'' the following year as a foreign affairs columnist. In 2002, Friedman won the [[Pulitzer Prize for Commentary]] for his "clarity of vision, based on extensive reporting, in commenting on the worldwide impact of the terrorist threat."<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |date=2002 |title=Thomas Friedman of The New York Times |url=https://www.pulitzer.org/winners/thomas-friedman |website=The Pulitzer Prizes}}</ref>

In February 2002, Friedman met [[House of Saud|Saudi]] [[Abdullah bin Abdul Aziz Al Saud|Crown Prince Abdullah]] and encouraged him to make a comprehensive attempt to end the [[Arab–Israeli conflict]] by normalizing Arab relations with Israel in exchange for the [[right of return|return of refugees]] alongside an end to the [[Israeli-occupied territories|Israel territorial occupations]]. Abdullah proposed the [[Arab Peace Initiative]] at the [[Beirut Summit]] that March, which Friedman has since strongly supported.<ref name=what>{{cite news|url=http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/spages/833589.html |title=What Arab initiative?|author=Akiva Eldar|website=Haaretz.com}}</ref>

Friedman received the 2004 [[Overseas Press Club]] Award for lifetime achievement and the same year was named to the [[Order of the British Empire]] by [[Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom|Queen Elizabeth II]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/events/the-world-is-fast-by-thomas-l-friedman/|title="The world is fast" by Thomas L. Friedman|website=Oxford Martin School|access-date=June 8, 2020|archive-date=December 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223031516/https://www.oxfordmartin.ox.ac.uk/events/the-world-is-fast-by-thomas-l-friedman/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Columnist Biography: Thomas L. Friedman|url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/opinion/FRIEDMAN-BIO.html?8qa|access-date=August 27, 2020|website=The New York Times|archive-date=December 23, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201223031526/https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/opinion/FRIEDMAN-BIO.html?8qa|url-status=live}}</ref> In May 2011, ''[[The New York Times]]'' reported that President [[Barack Obama]] "has sounded out" Friedman concerning Middle East issues.<ref>{{cite news|last=Landler|first=Mark|title=Obama Seeks Reset in Arab World|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/12/us/politics/12prexy.html?_r=1&sq=zakaria&st=nyt&scp=1&pagewanted=print|access-date=May 25, 2011|newspaper=The New York Times|date=May 11, 2011|archive-date=January 7, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170107045357/http://www.nytimes.com/2011/05/12/us/politics/12prexy.html?_r=1|url-status=live}}</ref>