Editing The Buddha (section)

===Siddhārtha Gautama and Buddha Shakyamuni===
According to Donald Lopez Jr., "... he tended to be known as either Buddha or Sakyamuni in China, Korea, Japan, and Tibet, and as either Gotama Buddha or Samana Gotama ('the ascetic Gotama') in Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia."<ref>Donald Lopez Jr., ''The Scientific Buddha: His Short and Happy Life'', Yale University Press, p.24</ref>

''Buddha'', "Awakened One" or "Enlightened One",{{sfnp|Gethin|1998|p=8}}{{sfn|Buswell|Lopez|2014|p=398}}{{efn|name="Bodhi"}} is the masculine form of ''[[Buddhi|budh]]'' (बुध् ), "to wake, be awake, observe, heed, attend, learn, become aware of, to know, be conscious again",<ref name="Monier-WilliamsLeumann2002p733">{{cite book|author1=Sir Monier Monier-Williams|author2=Ernst Leumann|author3=Carl Cappeller|title=A Sanskrit-English Dictionary: Etymologically and Philologically Arranged with Special Reference to Cognate Indo-European Languages|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zUezTfym7CAC|year=2002|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass|isbn=978-81-208-3105-6|page=733|access-date=23 October 2022|archive-date=11 January 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111053950/https://books.google.com/books?id=zUezTfym7CAC|url-status=live}}</ref> "to awaken"{{sfnp|Keown|2003|p=42}}{{sfn|Buswell|Lopez|2014|p=398, entry "Buddha"}} {{"'}}to open up' (as does a flower)",{{sfn|Buswell|Lopez|2014|p=398, entry "Buddha"}} "one who has awakened from the deep sleep of ignorance and opened his consciousness to encompass all objects of knowledge".{{sfn|Buswell|Lopez|2014|p=398, entry "Buddha"}} It is not a personal name, but a title for those who have attained [[Enlightenment in Buddhism|bodhi]] (awakening, enlightenment).{{sfnp|Keown|2003|p=42}} ''Buddhi'', the power to "form and retain concepts, reason, discern, judge, comprehend, understand",<ref name="Monier-WilliamsLeumann2002p733"/> is the faculty which discerns truth (''[[satya]]'') from falsehood.

The name of his clan was Gautama (Pali: Gotama). His given name, "Siddhārtha" (the Sanskrit form; the Pali rendering is "Siddhattha"; in Tibetan it is "Don grub"; in Chinese "Xidaduo"; in Japanese "Shiddatta/Shittatta"; in Korean "Siltalta") means "He Who Achieves His Goal" ([[Siddhi]]).{{sfn|Buswell|Lopez|2014|p=817}} The clan name of Gautama means "descendant of Gotama", "Gotama" meaning "one who has the most light",<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Bopearachchi |first1=Osmund |title=GREEK HELIOS OR INDIAN SŪRYA? THE SPREAD OF THE SUN GOD IMAGERY FROM INDIA TO GANDHĀRA |journal=Connecting the Ancient West and East. Studies Presented to Prof. Gocha R. Tsetskhladze, Edited by J. Boardman, J. Hargrave, A. Avram and A. Podossinov, Monographs in Antiquity |date=1 January 2021 |page=946 |url=https://www.academia.edu/50839613 |access-date=18 August 2022 |archive-date=13 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220913004936/https://www.academia.edu/50839613 |url-status=live }}</ref> and comes from the fact that [[Kshatriya]] clans adopted the names of their house priests.<ref name=":0">{{cite encyclopedia|year=2012|title=Ṛṣis|encyclopedia=Brill's Encyclopedia of Hinduism Online|publisher=Brill|last=Witzel|first=Michael}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last1=Macdonell|first1=Arthur Anthony|title=Vedic Index of Names and Subjects|last2=Keith|first2=Arthur Berriedale|publisher=John Murray|year=1912|volume=1|page=240}}</ref>

While the term ''Buddha'' is used in the Agamas and the Pali Canon, the oldest surviving written records of the term ''Buddha'' is from the middle of the 3rd century BCE, when several [[Edicts of Ashoka]] (reigned {{circa|269}}–232 BCE) mention the Buddha and Buddhism.{{sfnp|Bary|2011|p=8}}{{sfnp|Fogelin|2015}} [[Ashoka]]'s [[Lumbini pillar inscription]] commemorates the Emperor's pilgrimage to Lumbini as the Buddha's birthplace, calling him the ''Buddha Shakyamuni''{{px2}}{{efn|{{IPA|sa|ɕɑːkjəmuni}}}} ([[Brahmi script]]: 𑀩𑀼𑀥 [[wikt:𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀬𑀫𑀼𑀦𑀻|𑀲𑀓𑁆𑀬𑀫𑀼𑀦𑀻]] ''Bu-dha Sa-kya-mu-nī'', "Buddha, Sage of the Shakyas").{{sfnp|Hultzsch|1925|p=164}}

Śākyamuni, Sakyamuni, or Shakyamuni ({{langx|sa|{{linktext|शाक्यमुनि}}}}, {{IPA|sa|ɕaːkjɐmʊnɪ|}}) means "Sage of the [[Shakya]]s".{{sfnp|Baroni|2002|p=230}}