Editing Submarine (section)

=== Etymology ===
The word ''submarine'' means 'underwater' or 'under-sea' (as in [[submarine canyon]], [[submarine pipeline]]) though as a noun it generally refers to a vessel that can travel underwater.<ref>[https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/192795?rskey=sQhrJW&result=1&isAdvanced=false#eid ''Submarine''] at [[OED]]; retrieved 4 September 2021</ref> The term is a contraction of ''submarine boat''<ref>[https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/192795?redirectedFrom=submarine+boat#eid227775172 ''Submarine boat''] at [[OED]]; retrieved 4 September 2021</ref><ref>''The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary'', Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1993, Vol. 2 N–Z</ref> and occurs as such in several languages, e.g. French ({{lang|fr|sous-marin}}), and Spanish ({{lang|es|submarino}}), although others retain the original term, such as Dutch ({{lang|nl|Onderzeeboot}}), German ({{lang|de|Unterseeboot}}), Swedish ({{lang|sv|Undervattensbåt}}), and Russian ({{lang|ru|подводная лодка}}: {{transliteration|ru|podvodnaya lodka}}), all of which mean 'submarine boat'. By [[naval tradition]], submarines are usually referred to as ''boats'' rather than as ''ships'', regardless of their size.<ref name="cutler"/> Although referred to informally as ''boats'',<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zo0LzmyjP-4C&q=boat |title=Blind Man's Bluff: The Untold Story Of American Submarine Espionage |last1=Sontag |first1=Sherry |last2=Drew |first2=Christopher |last3=Drew |first3=Annette Lawrence |date=19 October 1998 |publisher=PublicAffairs |isbn=9781891620089 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qU4rAQAAQBAJ&q=boat |title=Stealth Boat: Fighting the Cold War in a Fast Attack Submarine |last=McHale |first=Gannon |date=15 September 2013 |publisher=Naval Institute Press |isbn=9781612513461 |language=en}}</ref> U.S. submarines employ the designation USS ([[United States Ship]]) at the beginning of their names, such as {{USS|Alabama|SSBN-731 |6}}. In the Royal Navy, the designation HMS can refer to "His Majesty's Ship" or "His Majesty's Submarine", though the latter is sometimes rendered "HMS/m".<ref>[https://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/HMS%2FM ''HMS/m''] at acronyms.thefreedictionary; retrieved 4 September 2021</ref><ref group=Note>For example, see [https://www.iwm.org.uk/collections/item/object/205160540 HMS/m ''Tireless''], at [[Imperial War Museum|IWM]], [https://historicengland.org.uk/listing/the-list/list-entry/1000043 HMS/m ''A.1''] at [[Historic England]]</ref> Submarines are generally referred to as ''boats'' rather than ''ships''.<ref group="Note">The Submarine service page on the official website of the Royal Navy refers to "These powerful boats"[https://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/the-equipment/submarines], and in at a speech in Washington, Adm. Sir Philip Jones announced "that the name ''Dreadnought'' will return as lead boat and class name" for [[Dreadnought-class submarine|Britain's latest ballistic missile submarines]].[https://www.royalnavy.mod.uk/news-and-latest-activity/news/2016/october/22/161022-first-sea-lord-trafalgar-night-speech-in-washington]</ref>