Editing Sopron (section)

=== Ancient times-13th century ===
[[File:1867 Sopron 5kr Oedenburg.jpg|thumb|100px|left|Bilingual names in the Kingdom of Hungary after 1867]]
In the Iron Age a hilltop settlement with a burial ground existed in the neighbourhood of Sopron-Várhely.<ref>Patek, Erzsébet (1982). "Neue Untersuchungen auf dem Burgstall bei Sopron" [New investigations on the "Burgstall" near Sopron]. ''Bericht der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission'' '''63''', 1982, pp. 105–177.</ref>

When the area that is today Western Hungary was a province of the [[Roman Empire]], a city called ''Scarbantia'' stood here. The site of its [[Forum (Roman)|forum]] is now the main square of Sopron.

During the [[Migration Period]], Scarbantia was believed to be deserted. When [[Hungarian people|Hungarians]] arrived in the area, the city was in ruins. From the 9th to the 11th centuries, Hungarians strengthened the old Roman city walls and built a castle. The city was named in Hungarian after a castle steward named ''Suprun''. In 1153, it was mentioned as an important city.

In 1273, King [[Otakar II of Bohemia]] occupied the castle. Even though he took the children of Sopron's nobility with him as hostages, the city opened its gates when the armies of [[King]] [[Ladislaus IV of Hungary]] arrived. [[Ladislaus]] rewarded Sopron by elevating it to the rank of [[free royal town]].