Editing Socionics (section)

==History==
The basic structure of socionics was established in the 1960s and 1970s by {{lang|lt|Augustinavičiūtė|italics=no}},<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.socionics.us/intro.shtml|title=Introduction to Socionics|access-date=2009-05-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090301044617/http://socionics.us/intro.shtml|archive-date=2009-03-01|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{clarify|date=December 2015}} along with a group of enthusiasts who met in [[Vilnius]], [[Lithuania]]. What resulted from their discussions and {{lang|lt|Augustinavičiūtė|italics=no}}'s personal investigations was an information model of the psyche and of interpersonal interaction based on [[Jung|Jung's typology]] but with eight psychic functions rather than four.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.socionics.us/interviews/bukalov.shtml |title=Socionics.us |access-date=2009-10-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090601214300/http://www.socionics.us/interviews/bukalov.shtml |archive-date=2009-06-01 |url-status=dead }}</ref> {{lang|lt|Augustinavičiūtė|italics=no}}'s first works on socionics<ref name=blunter2010>{{cite journal |author1=Blutner R. |author2=Hochnadel E. |title=Two qubits for C.G. Jung's theory of personality |journal=[[Cognitive Systems Research]] |year=2010 |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=243–259 |url=http://blutner.de/Documents/Jung_rev.pdf|doi=10.1016/j.cogsys.2009.12.002 |s2cid=5417327 |quote=Socionics was developed in the 1970s and 1980s mainly by the Lithuanian researcher {{lang|lt|Aušra Augustinavičiūtė|italics=no}}. The name 'socionics' is derived from the word 'society, since Augustinavicˇiute believed that each personality type has a distinct purpose in society, which can be described and explained by socionics. The system of socionics is in several respects similar to the MBTI; however, whereas the latter is dominantly used in the USA and Western Europe, the former is mainly used in Russia and Eastern Europe. For more information, the reader is referred to the website of the International Institute of Socionics and to several scientific journals edited by this institution<http://socionic.info/en/esocjur.html#top>. Despite several similarities there are also important differences. For instance, the MBTI is based on questionnaires with so-called forced-choice questions. Forced choice means that the individual has to choose only one of two possible answers to each question. Obviously, such tests are self-referential. That means they are based on judgments of persons about themselves. Socionics rejects the use of such questionnaires and is based on interviews and direct observation of certain aspects of human behavior instead. However, if personality tests are well constructed and their questions are answered properly, we expect results that often make sense. For that reason, we do not reject test questions principally, but we have to take into account their self-referential character. Another difference relates to the fact that socionics tries to understand Jung's intuitive system and to provide a deeper explanation for it, mainly in terms of informational metabolism (Kepinski & PZWL, 1972). Further, socionics is not so much a theory of personalities per se, but much more a theory of type relations providing an analysis of the relationships that arise as a consequence of the interaction of people with different personalities.}}</ref> were published between 1978 and 1980.

=== Socionics as an academic discipline ===

Through the work of the International Institute of Socionics and other schools of socionics, there are four scientific [[peer-review]]ed journals (on the practical application of the methods of socionics in management, consulting, psychology, [[pedagogy]], education, psychotherapy, and humanities)<ref>{{cite web |url=http://socionic.info/en/esocjur.html#top |title=Journals issued by International Institute of Socionics |publisher=International Institute of Socionics |access-date=2015-12-15}}</ref> and an annual International conference on socionics.<ref>[http://fgosvpo.ru/uploadfiles/poops/1/4/20110710135625.pdfПримерная основная образовательная программа высшего профессионального образования.  Направление подготовки 040100] "[[Социология]]" {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121124123438/http://fgosvpo.ru/uploadfiles/poops/1/4/20110710135625.pdf|date=2012-11-24}} {{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: Approximate basic educational program of higher education. Direction of training 040100 "[[Sociology]]"</ref> The Institute gives "popularization and proliferation of socionic knowledge" as one of its goals.<ref>{{cite web |author=International Institute of Socionics |url=http://socionic.info/en/esocint.html |title=IIS main activities |publisher=International Institute of Socionics |access-date=2016-07-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150721203055/http://socionic.info/en/esocint.html |archive-date=2015-07-21 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Svetlana V. Ivanova notes that socionics is taught in more than 150 universities in Russia, Ukraine and other CIS and European Union countries.<ref name="ivanova">{{cite journal |author=Ivanova, Svetlana V. |url=http://doaj.net/uploads/issue/issue_10.pdf |title=Psychological Aspects of Innovations in Educational Institutions |journal=Modern European Researches |issue=6 |year=2015 |issn=2311-8806 |quote=Let's notice that the relation of psychologists to socionics is ambiguous. As it is noted by A.V. Bukalov and O.B. Karpenko, wide circulation of socionics as scientific direction is confirmed by that for the last 15 years socionics ideas and methods are used approximately in 800 theses according to all sections of the humanities and in a number of technical sciences. Now socionics is taught in more than 150 universities of Russia, Ukraine, the CIS countries and countries of the European Union.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://socionic.info/ru/list/sockafedra.html |title=Соционика в учебном процессе: вузы, программы, учебные планы: по данным мониторинга публикаций, проводимого Международным институтом соционики |trans-title=Socionics in education: Universities, programs, curricula: According to monitoring of publications conducted by the International Institute of Socionics |website=International Institute of Socionics |language=ru}}</ref> Some universities in Russia (including [[Altai State Technical University]],<ref>{{cite book |author1=Струкчинская Е.М. |author2=Струкчинский С. |author3=Разгоняева Е.В. |title=Соционика: Учебное пособие |place=Бийск [Biysk] |publisher=Алт. гос. техн. ун-та [Alt. state tech. un-ta] |year=2011 |isbn=978-5-9257-0205-5}}</ref> [[Bashkir State University]],<ref>Антошкин В.Н., Адиев М.Я., Гайбадуллин В.Р. и др. Соционика и социоанализ : учеб. пособие. – Уфа: БашГУ, 2003. {{ISBN|5-7477-0906-2}}</ref><ref>Гафаров А.А., Петрушин С.В. История и соционика. Метод социоанализа психологии ист. персонажей : Справ.-метод. пособие / Казан. гос. ун-т, Каф. полит. истории, Каф. психологии. – Казань.: КГУ, 1996.</ref>
[[Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University]],<ref>Орловская Л.М., Орловский И.О. "Основы соционики". Был успешно апробирован и является основным учебно-методическим пособием по курсу "Основы соционики" для студентов психологов и менеджеров Красноярского государственного педагогического университета</ref> 
and [[Saint Petersburg State University]]<ref>Психология: учебник/ В.В. Никандров . – М.: Волтерс Клувер, 2009. {{ISBN|978-5-466-00413-7}} Рекомендовано к изданию в качестве учебника редакционно-издательским советом факультета психологии Санкт-Петербургского государственного университета</ref>)
Ukraine,<ref>''Арутюнов В. Х., Мішин В. М., Свінціцький В. М.'' [http://6201.org.ua/load/72-1-0-642 Методологія соціально-економічного пізнання] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100325133205/http://6201.org.ua/load/72-1-0-642 |date=March 25, 2010 }}. Навч. посібник. — К.: КНЕУ, 2005. — 353 c. ({{in lang|uk}}. Title can be translated as: ''Arutyunov V. H., Mishin V. M. and Svintsitskyi V. M.'' Methodology of socio-economic knowledge)</ref> Bulgaria,<ref name="sofia">''Alexandrova N. H., Boyadjieva N., Sapundzhieva K., Kolarova C. D.'' "[http://books.bg/books/50/31662.html Социониката в социалната сфера] {{Webarchive|url=https://archive.today/20130917060622/http://books.bg/books/50/31662.html |date=2013-09-17 }}"- Sofia Univ.izd. St. Kliment Ohridski, 2004. – 149 p. {{ISBN|954-07-1876-7}}</ref> and Romania,<ref>''László-Kuţiuk M.'' Ghid de autocunoasţere. Elemente de socionică. – București, 2000. {{ISBN|973-97141-5-3}}.</ref> have published or commissioned a number of textbooks and monographs on socionics, or on psychology, pedagogy and management, which socionics and its methods are devoted to specific topics.{{Original research inline|date=June 2022}}

Areas of research include educational socionics,<ref>''Суртаева Н. Н., Иванова О. Н.''Педагогическая соционика и проблемы конфликтных взаимодействий. — СПб. ИОВ РАО, 2002. {{ISBN|5-258-00021-4}}  {{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Surtaeva N. N., Ivanova O. N.'' Educational socionics and problems of conflict interactions</ref><ref>''Федорова В.К.'' Использование педагогической соционики в решении конфликтных взаимодействий субъектов образовательного процесса [http://www.dissercat.com/content/ispolzovanie-pedagogicheskoi-sotsioniki-v-reshenii-konfliktnykh-vzaimodeistvii-subektov-obra Автореферат дисс. канд. пед. наук.] — Омск, 1998. ({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Fedorova V. K.'' Using Educational Socionics in resolving conflict interactions in educational process. – Summary of the thesis candidate. ped. sciences. – Omsk, 1998.)</ref> sociological socionics,<ref>''Антошкин В. Н.'' [http://www.dissercat.com/content/optimizatsiya-upravleniya-sistemoi-kommunikativnoi-deyatelnosti-v-sotsialnoi-rabote Оптимизация управления системой коммуникативной деятельности в социальной работе] (2004). {{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Antoshkin V. N.'' Optimization of system management communication activity in social work</ref> aviation socionics,<ref name=avia>Ариничева Ольга Викторовна. Совершенствование методов управления ресурсами системы "экипаж – воздушное судно" путем снижения отрицательного влияния человеческого фактора на безопасность полетов : диссертация ... кандидата технических наук : 05.22.14 / Ариничева Ольга Викторовна; [Место защиты: С.-Пет. гос. ун-т граждан. авиации]. – Санкт-Петербург, 2008. – 256 с. : ил. РГБ ОД, 61:08-5/858 [http://www.lib.ua-ru.net/diss/cont/280815.html Socionics application in Aviation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110418060005/http://www.lib.ua-ru.net/diss/cont/280815.html |date=2011-04-18 }}</ref><ref>Типовая учебная программа по дисциплине: "[http://rudocs.exdat.com/docs/index-202520.html Подготовка авиационного персонала в области человеческого фактора]" ({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: Model curriculum for the discipline: Flight Crew Training in the field of human factors)</ref> library socionics,<ref>''Грачев В. И.'' Библиотечная соционика — новое направление изучения библиотечной жизни // Научные и технические библиотеки. — 1993. — No. 7. — p. 19–20.({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Grachev V. I.'' Library socionics – a new direction of studying the life of the library // Scientific and technical libraries. – 1993. – No. 7. – P.19-20.)</ref><ref>''Исаева Е.Н.'' [http://libconfs.narod.ru/1999/5s/5s_p12.html Перспективы соционики в библиотечном менеджменте] // Московский государственный университет культуры и искусств. — М., 1999—2008. ({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Isayeva E. N.'' Perspectives of Socionics in Library Management // Moscow State University of Culture and Arts. – M., 1999–2008.)</ref>  technical socionics, linguistic socionics, penitentiary socionics, and socionics in other subject areas.

Socionics is used in [[education]], not only as a tool for teachers to manage the learning process,<ref>''Гуленко В. В., Тыщенко В. П.'' [http://www.eti-deti.ru/psy/554.html Юнг в школе. Соционика — межвозрастной педагогике]. — Новосибирск: изд-во Новосибирского университета, 1997. {{ISBN|5-89441-014-2}}.  {{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Gulenko V. V. and Tyshchenko V. P.'' Socionics to between-age pedagogy. – Novosibirsk: Publishing House of Novosibirsk State University, 1997.</ref> but also as a basis for the development and improvement of education and training.<ref name="sofia" /> Bogdanova claim that a teacher holding socionic knowledge and technologies can consciously collaborate with others and improve professional efficiency.<ref>''Богданова І.М.'' [http://www.nbuv.gov.ua/portal/Soc_Gum/NiO/2011_4_1/statti/Bohda.htm Шляхи вдосконалення професійної підготовки майбутніх учителів] // Наукa і освіта. — 2011. — No. 4. — Ch. 1. — p. 34–36. ({{in lang|uk}}. Title can be translated as: ''Bogdanova I. M.'' The ways to improve the training of future teachers // Science and education. – 2011. – No. 4. – Part 1. – Pp. 34–36.)</ref> Targeted use of intertype relations helps intensify the didactic process, increase the motivation of students.<ref>''Бобков В. В.'' [http://zhurnal.ape.relarn.ru/articles/2006/040.pdf Дифференцированный подход к обучению] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225110649/http://zhurnal.ape.relarn.ru/articles/2006/040.pdf |date=2013-12-25 }}: психо-информационная точка зрения. Часть 1 // Электронный научный журнал "Исследовано в России". — 2006. — p. 371—400.({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Bobkov V. V.'' A differentiated approach to teaching: psycho-informational point of view. Part 1 // Electronic Scientific Journal "Investigated in Russia". – 2006. – Pp. 371–400.)</ref> Socionics is also used to assess the individual psychological and personal qualities to forecast the success of employee career.<ref>''Иванов Ю. В.'' [http://www.labirint.ru/books/54517/ Деловая соционика] — М.: Бизнес-школа "Интел-Синтез", 2001. (Библиотека журнала "Управление персоналом"). ({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Ivanov Ju. V.'' Business socionics – Moscow Business School "Intel-Synthesis", 2001. (Library of the "Personnel Management" Journal). )</ref>

Izmailova and Kiseleva found socionics interesting to be applied in advertising<ref>''Измайлова М. А.'' Психология рекламной деятельности. Практическое пособие. — М. ИТК "Дашков и К", 2009. {{ISBN|978-5-394-00261-8}}. ({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Izmailova M. A.'' Psychology of advertising. Practical Guide. – Moscow, 2009.)</ref> and [[marketing]], because it allows you to explain the reasons for the behavior of consumers.<ref>''Киселева Е.С.'' [http://www.lib.tpu.ru/fulltext/v/Bulletin_TPU/2008/v312/i6/14.pdf Роль и значение потребителя в системе маркетинга и способы управления поведением на основе соционики] // Известия Томского политехнического университета. — 2008. — No. 6. — Т. 312. — p. 59–64.({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Kiseleva E. S.'' The role and importance of the consumer in the marketing system and ways of control consumer's behavior on the basis of socionics // Proceedings of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. – 2008. – No. 6. – Vol. 312. – p. 59-64.</ref>

Socionics is a tool for the study of personality and creativity of the writer, the typology of the characters in his works.<ref>''Ласло-Куцюк М.'' Ключ до белетристики. — Бухарест: Мустанг, 2002. {{ISBN|973-99400-6-4}}. ({{in lang|uk}}. Title can be translated as: ''László-Kuţiuk M.'' The key to fiction. – București: Mustang, 2002.)</ref> The method of linguistic-socionic modeling proposed by L. M. Komissarova,<ref>''Комиссарова Л. М.'' Лингвосоционическая методология изучения языковой личности в русском языке. Автореф. дис. на соиск. учен. степ. канд. филол. наук — Барнаул: Изд-во АГУ, 2002. — 23 с. ({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Komissarova L. M.'' Linguistic-socionic methodology of study of language personality in the [[Russian language]].)</ref> used for analysis of individual lexicon of language personality.<ref>''Хачмафова З.Р.'' [http://www.vestnik.adygnet.ru//files/2009.1/817/khachmafova2009_1.pdf Лексико-тематическая группа "чувство"] в лексиконе современной женской прозы. // Вестник Адыгейского государственного университета. — 2009. — No. 1. {{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Hachmafova Z. R.'' Lexical-thematic group "feeling" in the lexicon of contemporary women's prose. // Bulletin of Adyghe State University. – 2009. – No. 1</ref> A translation of socionic characteristics in verbal ones is called the "method of linguistic-socionic modeling" and widely used.<ref>''Голев Н. Д., Кузнецова А. В.'' Лингвосоционическое моделирование экстравертного и интровертного типов языковой личности // Вестник КемГУ. Филология. — 2009. — No. 3 — p. 95–98. ({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Golev N. D. and Kuznetsova A. V.'' Linguistic-socionic modeling of extraverted and introverted types of language personality)</ref><ref>''Залогина Е.М.'' Языковая личность: лингвистический и психологический аспекты: На материале романа «Бесы» и «Дневника писателя» Ф.М. Достоевского: Автореферат дисс. … канд. филол. наук. — М., 2005. ({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Zalogina E. M.'' Language personality: linguistic and psychological aspects: based on the novel "Demons" and "Diary of a Writer" by F. M. Dostoevsky.)</ref>

Socionic methods have been proposed for the modeling of information processes in the "human-machine" systems,<ref>''Букалов Г.К., Корабельников Р.В.'' Основы поиска новых методов повышения износостойкости рабочих органов текстильных машин. — Кострома: Изд-во КТГУ, 2001. {{ISBN|5-8285-0013-9}}. ({{in lang|ru}}. Title can be translated as: ''Bukalov G.K., Korabelnikov R.V.'' Basics of search for new methods for increasing the wear resistance of the working body of textile machines. – Kostroma, 2001.)</ref> and practically used to model systems "aircraft operator" in pilots' training,<ref name=avia /> and other similar areas.

Due to the variety of applications of socionics, its concepts and information models, in the 1990s, Bukalov proposed to distinguish socionics of personality, or differential socionics, and generalized, more abstract integral socionics.<ref name="integr">{{cite journal |author=Bukalov, A.B. |title=Интегральная соционика. Типы коллективов, наций, государств. Этносоционика |journal=Соционика, ментология и психология личности |year=1998 |issue=5 |pages=13–17 |language=ru |trans-title=Integral Socionics. Types of groups, nations and states. Ethnosocionics |trans-journal=Socionics, mentology and personality psychology |publisher=International Institute of Socionics }}</ref> Bukalov believes that the concept of information metabolism, cybernetic modeling and general systems theory extends beyond of psychology and sociology, and consider the relationship of technical information devices, and the types of information human interactions as operator with various technical and electronic management systems of major industries, including chemical, nuclear power stations, complex computer complexes with adaptive tunable to a specific operator interfaces.<ref name="integr" />

===Propagation of socionics===

International Institute of Socionics lists a number of academic publications on socionics in English in peer-reviewed journals.<ref name="ReferenceB">{{cite web |author=Международный институт соционики |url=http://socionic.info/list/socino.html |title=Соционика: иностранные публикации по соционике |publisher=Socionic.info |date=2005-06-26 |access-date=2015-12-15 |archive-date=2015-06-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630080555/http://socionic.info/list/socino.html |url-status=dead |language=ru}}</ref> Since 2000 socionics as a scientific discipline and a field of research has been recognized in Russia and Ukraine.<ref name="ReferenceB"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbuv.gov.ua/PORTAL |title=Наукова періодика України |website=Національна бібліотека України |trans-website=National Library of Ukraine |access-date=2015-12-15 |language=ru}}</ref>{{Original research inline|date=June 2022}}

=== Pedagogical socionics ===

The concepts and methods of socionics are widely used in [[pedagogy]], this collaboration creates a new scientific branch – pedagogical socionics.<ref>''Surtayeva N.N., Ivanova O.N.'' Pedagogical socionics and problems in conflict relationships. – St. Petersburg, 2002. — 135 p. {{ISBN|5-258-00021-4}}</ref><ref>''Fedorova V.K.'' Using pedagogical socionics in solving conflict relationships in educational process. [http://www.dissercat.com/content/ispolzovanie-pedagogicheskoi-sotsioniki-v-reshenii-konfliktnykh-vzaimodeistvii-subektov-obra Автореферат дисс. канд. пед. наук.] — Omsk, 1998</ref>

Pletuhina noted that the parent, trainer or teacher, who knows the theory of socionics, who also understands an idea of the "image of a socionics type" and who can determine the child's personality type with a sufficient degree of probability can use those opportunities of the individual approaches that socionics provides to raise and educate a child.<ref name="sociosphera.com"/>

The role that socionics takes in the educational process is not limited to being a teacher's tool for the managing process.<ref>''Gulenko V.V., Tyshchenko V.P.'' [http://www.eti-deti.ru/psy/554.html Юнг в школе. Соционика — межвозрастной педагогике]. — Novosibirsk, 1997. — 268 p. {{ISBN|5-89441-014-2}}</ref> It is also a base for development and improving the educational system and for preparing staff. Teachers armed with socionics technology can consciously establish relationships with other people and increase efficiency of their pedagogical skills.<ref>''Bohdanova I.M.'' Ways of improving professional trainings for future teachers // [http://www.nbuv.gov.ua/portal/Soc_Gum/NiO/2011_4_1/statti/Bohda.htm Наука і освіта. — 2011]. — No. 4. — Part 1 — p. 34-36</ref> Rational implementation of intertype relationships can push educational process to become more intensive and increase students' motivation.<ref>''Bobkov V.V.'' [http://zhurnal.ape.relarn.ru/articles/2006/040.pdf Дифференцированный подход к обучению] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131225110649/http://zhurnal.ape.relarn.ru/articles/2006/040.pdf |date=2013-12-25 }}: psycho informatic point of view. Part 1// Electronic scientific journal "Investigated in Russia". — 2006. — p. 371—400</ref><ref name="Rozjkov">''Rozhkob M.I.'' Editorial // ''Spirin L.F., Rumyanceva E.A., Rumyanceva T.A.'' Socionics for teachers and parents — Moscow, 1999. pp. 3–5</ref>

Socionics is also researched practical methods and techniques dedicated to evaluation person's individual psychological values to prognoses professional success.<ref>''Иванов Ю.В.'' [http://www.labirint.ru/books/54517/ Деловая соционика] — М.: Бизнес-школа «Интел-Синтез», 2001. (Библиотека журнала «Управление персоналом»)</ref>  Keneva, Marchenko, and Minaev argue that socionics might become a theoretical base for personal-oriented educational technologies.<ref>Keneva I.P., Marchenko O.A., Minaev Y.P. Problem of accounting socionics type for future expert in forming his professional qualities. —  Kamyanec Podilsky, 2008. — No. 14. — pp. 62–65</ref><ref>Keneva I.P., Marchenko O.A., Minaev Y.P. Socionics as educational discipline in humanitarian and social-economics trainings for science teaschers. — Kamyanec-Podilsky, 2009. — No. 15. — pp. 70–73</ref>

=== Socionics in astronautics ===

In [[Star City, Russia|Star City]] conducted number of science seminars based on socionics methods and person typology to training space crews. Forming space crews by socionics methods was a central topic at the International conference on space researches,<ref>{{cite conference |author1=Bukalov A.V. |author2=Karpenko O.B. |author3=Chykyrysova G.V. |title=Forecasting psychological, business and informational compatibility in space flights, in aviation and aerospace technologies |conference=9th Ukrainian Conference on Space Research |place=Yevpatoria/Kyiv |year=2009 |page=104}}</ref> at the Space Forum 2011<ref name=SpaceForum2011>{{cite web |title=КОСМИЧЕСКИЙ ФОРУМ-2011: ПРОГРАММА |trans-title=Space Forum 2011: Program |url=http://conf2011.imbp.ru/ItogovayaProg.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140420040012/http://conf2011.imbp.ru/ItogovayaProg.pdf |archive-date=2014-04-20 |language=ru}}</ref> and at the conference "Piloted flights into Space".

=== Aviation socionics ===

According to order of the Ministry of transport of Russian Federation Flight Standards Department approved a default application "Training of pilots in the field of human factor", which expects basic socionics knowledge not only among pilots and other crew members, but also prognosing interaction in air crews by socionics methods.<ref>{{cite web |date=2000-02-18 |title=Курсы повышения квалификации летного состава 8 часов; курсы повышения квалификации преподавателей ауц 60 часов |trans-title=Flight personnel advanced training courses 8 hours; advanced training courses for AEC teachers 60 hours |url=http://rudocs.exdat.com/docs/index-202520.html |access-date=2015-12-15 |publisher=МИНИСТЕРСТВО ТРАНСПОРТА РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ [Ministry of Transport of the Russian Federation] |language=ru}}</ref>

To improve interaction among crew members, specialists of Saint Petersburg University examined 2330 people by socionics methods, including university students; aircrews of airlines; air traffic controllers; professors from almost all flight academies of Russia; delegates from Azerbaijan, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Ukraine, and Estonia.{{citation needed|date=June 2022}}<!-- Is this related to the next paragraph? In which case, it's probably the citation on that paragraph. Will need to be verified. -->

This database represents result of 10 years of scientific work. In their research, authors are relying on fundamental works of the Kyiv School of Socionics, International Institute of Socionics, publications in journals "Socionics, mentology and personal psychology", "Management and personnel: management psychology, socionics and sociology".<ref>{{cite journal |author=Maliszewski A.V. |author2=Arinicheva O.V. |author3=Parfeno I.A. |author4=Petrova M.V. |author5=Arakelyan D.A. |title=Socionics approach to improving professional psychological selection of aviation personnel |journal=Scientific Bulletin of Moscow State Technical University of Civil Aviation |year=2009 |issue=149 |pages=83–90}}</ref>

According to the experimental results were obtained socionics and sociometric data of air traffic controllers and correlation analyses of its parameters, also was determined the connection's intensity between person's interaction levels. The practical values of this research is to develop automated module to determine individual characteristic of operators and to evaluate the effectiveness of socionics in the management of air traffic,  particular in special cases of flight<ref>Kharchenko V.P., Shmeleva T.F., Sikirda Y..V., Zemlyanskyy A.V. Using socionics methods in forming professional navigation system groups // News NAU. — 2012. — No.1. – pp. 14–21. – ISSN 1813-1166</ref>