Editing Small intestine (section)

===Size===
The length of the small intestine can vary greatly, from as short as {{convert|3|m|ft|abbr=off|frac=2}} to as long as {{convert|10.5|m|ft|abbr=on|frac=2}}, also depending on the measuring technique used.<ref name=Di2016/> The typical length in a living person is {{Convert|3–5|m|abbr=on|frac=2}}.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Principles of Anatomy & Physiology|last=Tortora|first=Gerard|publisher=Wiley|year=2014|isbn=978-1-118-34500-9|location=USA|pages=[https://archive.org/details/principlesofanat0000tort/page/913 913]|quote=..its length is about 3m in a living person and about 6.5m in a cadaver due to loss of smooth muscle tone after death.|url=https://archive.org/details/principlesofanat0000tort/page/913}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|title=Gray's Anatomy|last=Standring|first=Susan|publisher=Elsevier|year=2016|isbn=978-0-7020-5230-9|location=UK|pages=1124|quote=..and has a mean length of 5 metres (3 - 8.5 metres) when measured intraoperatively in the living adult (Tietelbaum et al 2013).}}</ref> The length depends both on how tall the person is and how the length is measured.<ref name=Di2016/> Taller people generally have a longer small intestine and measurements are generally longer after death and when the bowel is empty.<ref name=Di2016>{{cite book|last1=DiBaise|first1=John K.|last2=Parrish|first2=Carol Rees|last3=Thompson|first3=Jon S.|title=Short Bowel Syndrome: Practical Approach to Management|date=2016|publisher=CRC Press|isbn=9781498720809|page=31|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GBhjDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA31|language=en}}</ref>
{|class="wikitable" align="right"
|+ Small bowel dilation on [[CT scan]] in adults<ref name="JacobsRozenblit2007">{{cite journal|last1=Jacobs|first1=S.L.|last2=Rozenblit|first2=A.|last3=Ricci|first3=Z.|last4=Roberts|first4=J.|last5=Milikow|first5=D.|last6=Chernyak|first6=V.|last7=Wolf|first7=E.|title=Small bowel faeces sign in patients without small bowel obstruction|journal=Clinical Radiology|volume=62|issue=4|year=2007|pages=353–357|issn=0009-9260|doi=10.1016/j.crad.2006.11.007|pmid=17331829}}</ref>
|-
|  <2.5&nbsp;cm || Non-dilated
|-
| 2.5-2.9&nbsp;cm || Mildly dilated
|-
| 3–4&nbsp;cm || Moderately dilated
|-
| >4&nbsp;cm || Severely dilated
|}
It is approximately {{Convert|1.5|cm|abbr=off|frac=8}} in diameter in [[neonate|newborns]] after 35 weeks of [[Gestational age (obstetrics)|gestational age]],<ref>{{cite journal|title=Overview of short bowel syndrome and intestinal transplantation|author=Debora Duro, Daniel Kamin|journal=Colombia Médica|volume=38|issue=1|year=2007}}</ref> and {{Convert|2.5–3|cm|abbr=on|frac=8}} in diameter in adults. On [[abdominal X-ray]]s, the small intestine is considered to be abnormally dilated when the diameter exceeds 3&nbsp;cm.<ref name=medscape>{{cite web|url=http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/374962-overview|title=Small-Bowel Obstruction Imaging|website=[[Medscape]]|date=2016-09-22|author=Ali Nawaz Khan|access-date=2017-02-07}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.radiologymasterclass.co.uk/tutorials/abdo/abdomen_x-ray_abnormalities/pathology_small_bowel_obstruction|title=Abdominal X-ray - Abnormal bowel gas pattern|website=radiologymasterclass.co.uk|access-date=2017-02-07}}</ref> On [[CT scan]]s, a diameter of over 2.5&nbsp;cm is considered abnormally dilated.<ref name=medscape/><ref name="GazelleGoldberg1994">{{cite journal|last1=Gazelle|first1=G S|last2=Goldberg|first2=M A|last3=Wittenberg|first3=J|last4=Halpern|first4=E F|last5=Pinkney|first5=L|last6=Mueller|first6=P R|title=Efficacy of CT in distinguishing small-bowel obstruction from other causes of small-bowel dilatation.|journal=American Journal of Roentgenology|volume=162|issue=1|year=1994|pages=43–47|issn=0361-803X|doi=10.2214/ajr.162.1.8273687|pmid=8273687|doi-access=free}}</ref> The surface area of the human [[Human gastrointestinal tract#Mucosa|small intestinal mucosa]], due to enlargement caused by folds, villi and microvilli, averages {{Convert|30|m2}}.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Helander|first1=Herbert F|last2=Fändriks|first2=Lars|s2cid=11094705|title=Surface area of the digestive tract – revisited|journal=Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology|volume=49|issue=6|year=2015|pages=681–689|issn=0036-5521|doi=10.3109/00365521.2014.898326|pmid= 24694282 }}</ref>