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==Avoidance== [[Image:No Skip Example.gif|333px|thumb|If the radio wave frequency is decreased, a point is reached where all waves (even vertically incident waves) are reflected back to the Earth.]] A method of decreasing the skip zone is by decreasing the frequency of the radio waves. Decreasing the frequency is akin to increasing the ionospheric width. A point is eventually reached when decreasing the frequency results in a zero distance skip zone. In other words, a frequency exists for which vertically incident radio waves will always be refracted back to the Earth. This frequency is equivalent to the ionospheric plasma frequency and is also known as the ionospheric critical frequency, or f<sub>o</sub>F<sub>2</sub>.
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