Editing Single-8 (section)

==Details==
Single-8 film uses a [[polyester]] base, which is {{frac|2|3}} the thickness of tri-[[acetate]] [[Super 8mm film|Super 8]], but the films within the incompatible cartridge systems are otherwise identical, incorporating the same dimensions for sprocket holes and image size, which means developed Single-8 can be projected in Super 8 projectors and vice versa.<ref name=PopSci-6507/>{{rp|90}}<ref name=Lipton75>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/super8book0000lipt_k0i0/ |title=The Super 8 Book |first=Lenny |last=Lipton |editor-first=Chet |editor-last=Roaman |others=Designed and illustrated by Christopher Swan |date=1975 |publisher=Straight Arrow Books |location=San Francisco, California |isbn=0-87932-091-5 |lccn=75-9430 |url-access=registration}}</ref>{{rp|28}} While the Single-8 film is more resistant to breakage, it tends to stretch if the film transport jams.<ref name=Yulsman72/>{{rp|22}} Due to the difference in film base thickness, splicing the two formats together in a finished film may require adjustment of the projector's focus at the join.

Like Super 8, unexposed Single-8 film comes pre-loaded in plastic cartridges; the B-shaped Single-8 cartridge uses two separate, coplanar spools for supply and take-up, unlike Super 8, in which the spools are coaxial. As a result, Single-8 film offered unlimited rewind, whereas Super 8 rewind was limited to several seconds, as there is no external connection to turn the supply spool; Super 8 cameras with rewind rely on having sufficient empty space within the cartridge for the rewound film to pile up inside,<ref name=Lipton75/>{{rp|30;32}} but in general, they are limited to approximately 100 frames of rewind in total.<ref name=Aubry80>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/film-makers-guide-to-super-8-1980/ |title=Film Maker's Guide to Super-8 |chapter=Choosing a Super-8 System |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/film-makers-guide-to-super-8-1980/page/1/mode/2up |pages=2 |first=Stephen |last=Aubry |publisher=Sheptow Publishing |date=1980 |location=San Francisco, California |isbn=0-442-23344-2 |lccn=79-9606 |access-date=16 December 2024}}</ref>{{rp|3–4}} Rewinding enables in-camera special effects, including [[Dissolve (filmmaking)|dissolves]], [[multiple exposure]]s, and [[title sequence]]s.<ref name=Yulsman72/>{{rp|21}} The Super 8 cartridge is not designed to be reloaded,<ref name=Lipton75/>{{rp|30–31}} but the Single-8 cartridge can be reloaded; Single-8 film is extracted by unpeeling two pieces of tape to separate the cartridge halves.<ref name=Price80>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/film-makers-guide-to-super-8-1980/ |title=Film Maker's Guide to Super-8 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/film-makers-guide-to-super-8-1980/page/143/mode/2up |chapter=Home Processing |first=Robert |last=Price |date=1980 |publisher=Sheptow Publishing |location=San Francisco, California |pages=144–149 |isbn=0-442-23344-2 |lccn=79-9606}}</ref>

The Single 8 cartridge was designed with an open section for the film, allowing it to be fed between the pressure pad and film gate, both part of the camera, during exposure. This contrasts with the [[Kodak]] system which had a [[plastic]] pressure plate built into the cartridge.<ref name=PopSci-6507>{{cite magazine |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KyYDAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA88 |title=IPEX REPORT: International Photo Exposition kicks off—War of the Photo Systems |first=Everett H. |last=Ortner |date=July 1965 |magazine=Popular Science |volume=187 |number=1 |pages=88 |access-date=12 December 2024}}</ref><ref name=Lipton75/>{{rp|29}} It was believed that Single-8 offered superior film positioning,<ref name=Yulsman72/>{{rp|21}}<ref name=Aubry80/>{{rp|4}} but the reality was that Super 8's plastic pressure plate could be moulded with far smaller tolerance than Single 8's metal version could be machined.<ref name=Lipton75/>{{rp|30}}

Fuji offered on-film optical sound recording rather than a magnetic stripe; this system required the user to draw additional film out of the cassette.<ref name=Lipton75/>{{rp|88}}

=== Mechanical ===
Single-8 cartridges are nominally {{cvt|{{#expr:36.5+29.5}}|mm|in|2}} wide, {{cvt|{{#expr:2*29.5+43}}|mm|in|2}} high, and {{cvt|{{#expr:13.3-0.3}}|mm|in|3}} thick, according to the governing [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]] standard. There are three round mounting bosses on one surface to help locate the cartridge within the camera.<ref name=ISO-3641:1976>{{cite web |url=https://www.iso.org/standard/9085.html |title=ISO 3641:1976 {{!}} Cinematography — Motion-picture camera cartridge, 8 mm Type S Model II — Cartridge fit and take-up core drive — Dimensions and specifications |date=June 1976 |publisher=International Organization for Standardization |access-date=13 December 2024}}</ref> In addition, like the notches on Super 8 cartridges, the Single-8 cartridge has several tabs, slots, and holes to automatically set film speed and type.<ref name=ISO-3646:1976>{{cite web |url=https://www.iso.org/standard/9090.html |title=ISO 3646:1976 {{!}} Cinematography — Motion-picture camera cartridge, 8 mm Type S Model II — Slots, projections and cartridge hole for indicating film speed, colour balance and film identification — Dimensions and positions |date=July 1976 |publisher=International Organization for Standardization |access-date=13 December 2024}}</ref>

[[File:S8M2 cartridge (Single-8).svg|thumb|right|upright=1.3|Single-8 cartridge with relevant indicators:
<ul>
<li>s1: Film speed indication tab; position relative to surface (T* dimension) varies with film speed.</li>
<li>s2: Film speed indication grooves; length of groove (J* or θ*) varies with film speed.</li>
<li>ID1: Film type / filter indication hole</li>
<li>ID2: Film type / filter indication tab</li>
</ul>]]
{|class="wikitable" style="font-size:90%;text-align:center;"
|+Single-8 cartridge film speed indicators<ref name=ISO-3646:1976/>
! colspan=2 | [[Film speed]]
! colspan=3 | Dimensions
|-
! DIN !! ASA
! θ* !! J* !! T*
|-
! 13 !! 16
| 22° || {{cvt|51.0|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|11.6|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 14 !! 20
| 26° || {{cvt|50.5|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|10.85|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 15 !! 25
| 30° || {{cvt|50.0|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|10.10|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 16 !! 32
| 34° || {{cvt|49.5|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|9.35|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 17 !! 40
| 38° || {{cvt|49.0|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|8.60|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 18 !! 50
| 42° || {{cvt|48.5|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|7.85|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 19 !! 64
| 46° || {{cvt|48.0|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|7.10|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 20 !! 80
| 50° || {{cvt|47.5|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|6.35|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 21 !! 100
| 54° || {{cvt|47.0|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|5.60|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 22 !! 125
| 58° || {{cvt|46.5|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|4.85|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 23 !! 160
| 62° || {{cvt|46.0|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|4.10|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 24 !! 200
| 66° || {{cvt|45.5|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|3.35|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 25 !! 250
| 70° || {{cvt|45.0|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|2.60|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 26 !! 320
| 74° || {{cvt|44.5|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|1.85|mm|in|3}}
|-
! 27 !! 400
| 78° || {{cvt|44.0|mm|in|2}} || {{cvt|1.10|mm|in|3}}
|}

=== Processing Single-8 Film ===
Fuji's Single-8 developing process is not the same as Process EM-26, but is similar. There is more involved in the removal of the remjet antihalation backing than the now long discontinued [[Kodak]] Ektachrome Process EM-26 films. The color chemistry, while close, is slightly different, particularly the [[Photographic developer#Colour development|color development]].{{citation needed|date=April 2022}}

It was often recommended to send Fuji Single-8 film to [[Fujifilm]] in Japan for processing, however processing ended in 2013.<ref name=":0" />