Editing Siemens (section)

=== 1847 to 1901 ===
[[File:Wvs 1885.jpg|thumb|left|upright=0.75|[[Werner von Siemens]], co-founder of [[Siemens & Halske]]]]
[[Siemens & Halske]] was founded by [[Werner von Siemens]] and [[Johann Georg Halske]] on 1 October 1847. Based on the [[telegraph]], their invention used a needle to point to the sequence of letters, instead of using [[Morse code]]. The company, then called ''Telegraphen-Bauanstalt von Siemens & Halske'', opened its first workshop on 12 October.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://new.siemens.com/global/en/company/about/history/news/the-year-is-1847.html |title=The year is 1847 – How it all began", Siemens Historical Institute |publisher=Siemens AG |access-date=27 October 2019 |archive-date=11 December 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201211154421/https://new.siemens.com/global/en/company/about/history/news/the-year-is-1847.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 1848, the company built the first long-distance telegraph line in Europe: 500&nbsp;km from Berlin to [[Frankfurt am Main]]. In 1850, the founder's younger brother, Carl Wilhelm Siemens, later [[Carl Wilhelm Siemens|Sir William Siemens]], started to represent the company in London. The [[Siemens Brothers|London agency]] became a branch office in 1858. In the 1850s, the company was involved in building long-distance telegraph networks in Russia. In 1855, a company branch headed by another brother, [[Carl Heinrich von Siemens]], opened in [[St Petersburg]], Russia. In 1867, Siemens completed the monumental [[Indo-European telegraph]] line stretching over 11,000&nbsp;km from [[London]] to [[Kolkata|Calcutta]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://new.siemens.com/global/en/company/about/history/news.html |title=Halfway around the world in 28 minutes – Indo-European Telegraph Line |website=Siemens Historical Institute |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080120233553/http://w4.siemens.de/archiv/en/laender/asien/indien.html |archive-date=20 January 2008|url-status=dead |access-date=12 January 2008}}</ref>

[[File:First electric locomotive, built in 1879 by Werner von Siemens.jpg|thumb|upright=1.05|First [[electric locomotive]], built in 1879 by company founder Werner von Siemens]]
In 1867, Werner von Siemens described a [[dynamo]] without permanent magnets.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://new.siemens.com/global/en/company/about/history/news/dynamo-machine.html |title=Electrification of the world – Werner von Siemens and the dynamoelectric principle |website=Siemens Historical Institute |language=en |access-date=5 June 2019 |archive-date=20 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920023548/https://new.siemens.com/global/en/company/about/history/news/dynamo-machine.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>
[[File:Siemens & Halske Omnibus 4x 4HP; max Speed 28 km-h (1899).jpg |thumb|upright=1.05| Siemens & Halske Omnibus 4x4HP; max. Speed 28 km/h (1899).]]
A similar system was also independently invented by [[Ányos Jedlik]] and [[Charles Wheatstone]], but Siemens became the first company to build such devices. In 1881, a Siemens [[Alternating current|AC]] [[Alternator]] driven by a [[watermill]] was used to power the world's first electric street lighting in the town of [[Godalming]], United Kingdom. The company continued to grow and diversified into [[electric locomotive|electric trains]] and [[light bulbs]]. In 1885, Siemens sold one of its generators to [[George Westinghouse]], thereby enabling Westinghouse to begin experimenting with AC networks in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

In 1887, Siemens opened its first office in Japan.<ref>Siemens website [http://www.siemens.com/history/en/news/1125_japan.htm 1 August 2012 – 125 Years Siemens in Japan (1887–2012)] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305014307/http://www.siemens.com/history/en/news/1125_japan.htm |date=5 March 2016 }} Retrieved on 12 August 2013</ref> In 1890, the founder retired and left the running of the company to his brother Carl and sons Arnold and Wilhelm. In 1892, Siemens was contracted to construct the [[Hobart, Tasmania|Hobart]] [[Trams in Hobart|electric tramway]] in [[Tasmania]], [[Australia]], as it increased its markets. The system opened in 1893 and became the first complete electric tram network in the Southern Hemisphere.<ref>{{cite web |title=A Brief History of the Hobart Electric Trams |url=http://www.hobartcity.com.au/tramway/history.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031224052130/http://www.hobartcity.com.au/tramway/history.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=24 December 2003 |publisher=Hobart City Council |access-date=13 June 2021}}</ref>