Editing Sharon Springs, New York (section)

== History ==
Prior to being settled by Great Britain as part of the country's [[Province of New York]], Sharon Springs was frequented by the indigenous Iroquois population for its healing waters. After Britain's [[Royal Proclamation of 1763]], the Crown formed [[Tryon County, New York|Tryon County]] in 1772, which lay at the westernmost reaches of the original [[Thirteen Colonies]]. Sharon Springs, then known as the town of [[New Dorlach]], was settled ''circa'' 1780. Tryon County stretched from the [[Adirondack Mountains]] to the [[Delaware River]] and boasted a pre-Revolutionary War farming community of 10,000 people, known as the "Breadbasket of the Colonies".

During the [[American Revolutionary War|American Revolution]], the Town of [[Sharon, New York|Sharon]] participated very little in combat, though it did see some battles. One significant moment was the Battle of Sharon, which was fought on July 10, 1781. Approximately 300 British and Iroquois troops commanded by [[John Doxtader]] camped at the Sharon Springs Swamp, near the present-day intersection of Route 20 and County Road 34. The group burned down 12 homes in a small Canajoharie River settlement and claimed victory in the Battle of Currytown on July 9. Colonel [[Marinus Willett]] of the American forces headed to their camp with a force of 150 men. Willet attacked the redcoats in the dense swamp, killing 40. Doxtader's men fled and Willett claimed The Battle of Sharon as an American victory.<ref>Source: www.myamericanwar.com/battles/810710</ref>

During and after the Revolution, Sharon Springs was part of the town of [[Schoharie, New York|Schoharie]] in Tryon County. In 1784, Tryon County was renamed [[Montgomery County, New York|Montgomery County]] to honor General Richard Montgomery, an American war hero who gave his life trying to capture the city of Quebec. In 1791, [[Otsego County, New York|Otsego County]] was broken off from Montgomery County, and in 1795, Schoharie was formed from adjoining parts of Otsego and Albany counties. The town of Sharon was formed shortly after in 1797. 74 years later, Sharon Springs was set apart from the town of Sharon in 1871, when residents incorporated it as a village.

=== Immigration ===
According to an article published in the ''[[New York Times]]'' (August 26, 2000), Sharon Springs lost its fashionable [[Social Register]] set to the horse-racing attractions of [[Saratoga Springs]]. Wealthy Jewish families of German origin, who were unwelcome at Saratoga due to the prevailing social bias of the time, filled the void and "made Sharon Springs a refuge of their own."{{citation needed|date=March 2021|reason=Referencing  a magazine article without a source.}} Eventually, these families moved on to other, more modern resorts, and the Village began to fade economically. Other factors that exacerbated the Village's early 20th century decline were Prohibition (which reduced the need for the local [[Hops|hop]] harvest) and the opening of the [[New York State Thruway]] (which routed traffic away from the area).

Sharon Springs was also associated with several beer barons in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Most American hops were grown in a belt stretching from Madison to Schoharie Counties in upstate New York. Thus, this area attracted brewers who summered in the area, two of whom, Henry Clausen and Max Shaefer, built homes in the Village. The New York hops trade disappeared after the first world war due to the combined effects of competition from [[Oregon]], a hops blight, and the coming of [[Prohibition in the United States|Prohibition]].

From the 1920s to the 1960s, ''kuchaleyans'' flourished. These were self-catered boarding houses, and in Yiddish the name means "cook-alones." They were a more affordable alternative to the larger, more expensive hotels and were especially popular during the [[Great Depression in the United States|Depression]] and, after with poor, post-war refugees from Europe. Though none operated past the 1980s, one of them, "The Brustman House"<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brustman.wordpress.com/the-house/ |title=The House &#124; All About the Brustman Family |date=June 16, 2007 |publisher=Brustman.wordpress.com |access-date=May 7, 2013}}</ref>  on Union Street, survives as a retreat for the owners' descendants. This house's story<ref>{{cite web|url=http://brustman.wordpress.com/ancestors/10-sharon-springs/ |title=10. Sharon Springs &#124; All About the Brustman Family |date=May 6, 2008 |publisher=Brustman.wordpress.com |access-date=May 7, 2013}}</ref> is typical of the ''kuchaleyans''.

As the cited New York Times article went on to explain that after [[World War II]], Sharon Springs got a second wind from the West German government, which "paid medical care reparations to [[Holocaust]] survivors, holding that therapeutic spa vacations were a legitimate part of the medical package." {{citation needed|date=March 2021|reason=Probably referencing the same article as before, but still in need of a citation.}} In the summer of 1946, one of the busboys at the [[Spanish Colonial Revival architecture|Spanish Colonial Revival]] style [[Adler Hotel]] was [[Edward I. Koch]], the future mayor of [[New York City]].

The 1970s through the 1990s saw the succession of secular Jewish tourists to Sharon Springs by [[Hasidim]] and [[Haredi Judaism|ultra-Orthodox]] Jewish visitors, fed in part by a parallel displacement in the nearby [[Borsht Belt]].<ref>"Making Mountains: New York City and the Catskills," by David Stradling</ref> Their time in Sharon Springs is documented in "The Short Season of Sharon Springs," published by Cornell University Press in 1980. A host of Hasidim-owned and frequented hotels flourished in the Village, bridging the gap between Sharon Springs' shining past as a world-class resort for the rich and famous and its recent renascence as a regional travel and weekend destination.

=== Resurgence ===
In the 1970s, concurrent migration of weekend hunters and union trade workers from the Downstate New York City suburbs began coming to Sharon Springs and Schoharie County. As suburban and urban hunters tracked deer in the area, they also introduced the once-endangered wild turkey to this and other rural areas. Unlike the Hasidim tourists, who have mostly moved on to other destinations and have dwindled in number, the first wave of suburban weekenders added to the community by building their families in the Village and relocating their full-time lives to their former part-time escape.

Sharon Springs, after drifting into a rundown state by the late 1980s, has seen resurgence in the 1990s. Much of it can be attributed to both a stabilization of the remaining historic structures (arson leveled many of the abandoned hotels) and an infusion of ambitious buyers from outside the area looking for an affordable community to start a business or to add rural weekends to their city life. The New York Times cites the revival to the "uninterrupted supply of affluent, educated second-homers from New York City (3.5 hours away) and [[Columbia County, New York|Columbia County]] (2 hours away)... and the exponential growth of a new travel phenomenon, heritage tourism: the quest for things historic by well-heeled tourists."<ref name="Glenn Collins 20002">Glenn Collins, "Fragile Recovery for Village of Spas," The New York Times, August 30, 2000.</ref> Low real estate prices, early renovations, successful start-ups, positive press including back to back 'Escapes' New York Times articles in 2000, and later post-911 flight from New York City all contributed to an influx of entrepreneurs, artisans and artists.