Editing Sermon on the Mount (section)

==Components==
{{Further|Beatitudes|Salt and Light|Light of the World|Lamp under a bushel|The Mote and the Beam|Wise and Foolish Builders|Lord's Prayer}}
[[File:Meister des Lehrbuchs Kaiser Maximilians I. 001.jpg|thumb|A 1500 illustration in [[Vienna]], Austria, featuring the [[Lord's Prayer]]]]
Although the issues of Matthew's compositional plan for the Sermon on the Mount remain unresolved among scholars, its structural components  are clear.<ref name=Talbert21 /><ref name=WCarter >''What are they saying about Matthew's Sermon on the mount?'', Warren Carter 1994 {{ISBN|0-8091-3473-X}} pp.&nbsp;35–47.</ref>

Matthew 5:3–12<ref>{{bibleverse|Matthew|5:3-12}}</ref> includes the Beatitudes. These describe the character of the people of the Kingdom of Heaven, expressed as "blessings".<ref name="ReferenceA" /> The Greek word most versions of the Gospel render as "blessed," can also be translated "happy" (Matthew 5:3–12 in [[Young's Literal Translation]]<ref>{{bibleverse|Matthew|5:3-12|YLT}}</ref> for an example). In Matthew, there are eight (or nine) blessings, while in Luke there are four, followed by four woes.<ref name="ReferenceA">"Beatitudes." Frank Leslie Cross, Elizabeth A. Livingstone, eds. [https://books.google.com/books?id=fUqcAQAAQBAJ The Oxford dictionary of the Christian church]. New York: Oxford University Press. 2005 {{ISBN|978-0-19280290-3}}</ref>

In almost all cases, the phrases used in the Beatitudes are familiar from an [[Old Testament]] context, but in the sermon Jesus gives them new meaning.<ref name=Haste /> Together, the Beatitudes present a new set of ideals that focus on love and humility rather than force and mastery; they echo the highest ideals of Jesus's teachings on spirituality and compassion.<ref name=Haste>''A Dictionary of The Bible'', James Hastings 2004 {{ISBN|1-4102-1730-2}} pages 15–19.</ref>

In Christian teachings, the [[Works of Mercy]], which have corporal and spiritual components, have resonated with the theme of the Beatitude for mercy.<ref name= Peace>'' Jesus the Peacemaker'', Carol Frances Jegen 1986 {{ISBN |0-934134-36-7}} pages 68–71.</ref> These teachings emphasize that these acts of mercy provide both temporal and spiritual benefits.<ref name= Synop >''The Synoptics: Matthew, Mark, Luke'', Ján Majerník, Joseph Ponessa, Laurie Watson Manhardt 2005 {{ISBN|1-931018-31-6}}, pages 63–68</ref>

Matthew 5:13–16<ref>{{bibleverse|Matthew|5:13-16}}</ref> presents the metaphors of [[salt and light]]. This completes the profile of God's people presented in the Beatitudes and acts as the introduction to the next section.

There are two parts in this section, using the terms "salt of the earth" and [[Light of the World]] to refer to the disciples{{snd}} implying their value. Elsewhere, in John 8:12,<ref>{{bibleverse|John|8:12}}</ref> Jesus applies 'Light of the World' to himself.<ref>{{cite book |first= Charles |last= Spear |title= Names and Titles of the Lord Jesus Christ |year=2003 |isbn= 0-7661-7467-0 |page= 226}}</ref>

Jesus preaches about [[Hell]] and what Hell is like: "But I say unto you, That whosoever is angry with his brother without a cause shall be in danger of the judgment: and whosoever shall say to his brother "''[[Language of Jesus#Raca .28.CE.A1.CE.B1.CE.BA.CE.B1.29|Raca]]'' (fool)" shall be in danger of the council: but whosoever shall say, Thou fool, shall be in danger of hell fire."<ref>{{bibleverse|Matthew|5:22}}</ref>

[[File:Papyrus 1 - recto.jpg|thumb|A fragment of [[Gospel of Matthew|Matthew]] chapter 1, from [[Papyrus 1]], {{c.|250 AD}}]]
The longest section of the Sermon is Matthew 5:17–48,<ref>{{bibleverse|Matthew|5:17-48}}</ref> traditionally referred to as "the [[Matthew 5#Antitheses|Antitheses]]" or "Matthew's Antitheses". In the section, Jesus fulfils and reinterprets the [[Old Covenant]] and in particular its [[Ten Commandments#Christianity|Ten Commandments]], contrasting with what "you have heard" from others.<ref>See [[David Flusser]], "[https://wholestones.org/the-torah-in-the-sermon-on-the-mount/ The Torah in the Sermon on the Mount]" (WholeStones.org) and idem, "[https://www.jerusalemperspective.com/11496/ 'It Is Said to the Elders': On the Interpretation of the So-called Antitheses in the Sermon on the Mount]" (JerusalemPerspective.com).</ref> For example, he advises [[turning the other cheek]], and [[Matthew 5:44|to love one's enemies]], in contrast to taking [[an eye for an eye]]. According to most interpretations of [[Matthew 5:17]], [[Matthew 5:18|18]], [[Matthew 5:19|19]], and [[Matthew 5:20|20]], and most [[Christian views on the old covenant|Christian views of the Old Covenant]], these new interpretations of the [[Torah|Law]] and [[Neviim|Prophets]] are not [[antinomianism|opposed to the Old Testament]], which was the position of [[Marcion]], but form Jesus's new teachings which bring about [[Salvation (Christianity)|salvation]], and hence must be adhered to, as emphasized in Matthew 7:24–27<ref>{{bibleverse|Matthew|7:24-27}}</ref> towards the end of the sermon.<ref>{{cite book |title= The Gospel of Matthew |first=R. T. |last=France |year= 2007 |isbn= 978-0-80282501-8 |pages= 1118–9|publisher=Wm. B. Eerdmans }}</ref>

{{anchor|Matthew6}}In [[Matthew 6]], Jesus condemns doing what would normally be "[[good works]]" simply for recognition and not from the heart, such as those of [[alms]] (6:1–4), [[prayer]] (6:5–15), and [[fasting]] (6:16–18). The discourse goes on to condemn the superficiality of [[economic materialism|materialism]] and calls the disciples not to worry about material needs or [[Sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof|fret about the future]], but to "seek" [[Kingdom of God|God's kingdom]] first. Within the discourse on ostentation, Matthew presents an example of correct prayer. Luke places this in a different context. The [[Lord's Prayer]] (6:9–13) contains parallels to 1 Chronicles 29:10–18.<ref>{{bibleverse|1 Chronicles|29:10–18}}</ref><ref>Clontz, T.E. & J., ''The Comprehensive New Testament with complete textual variant mapping and references for the Dead Sea Scrolls, Philo, Josephus, Nag Hammadi Library, Pseudepigrapha, Apocrypha, Plato, Egyptian Book of the Dead, Talmud, Old Testament, Patristic Writings, Dhammapada, Tacitus, Epic of Gilgamesh'', Cornerstone, 2008, p. 451, {{ISBN |978-0-9778737-1-5}}</ref><ref>Stevenson (2004), p. 198.</ref>

The first part of [[Matthew 7]] (Matthew 7:1–6)<ref>{{bibleverse|Matthew|7:1-6}}</ref> deals with judging. Jesus condemns those who judge others without first sorting out their own affairs on the matter: "Judge not, that ye be not judged." Jesus concludes the sermon in Matthew 7:17–29<ref>{{bibleverse|Matthew|7:17-29}}</ref> by warning against [[false prophet]]s.