Editing September 12 (section)

===Pre-1600===
*[[490 BC]] &ndash; [[Battle of Marathon]]: The conventionally accepted date for the Battle of Marathon. The [[Classical Athens|Athenians]] and their [[Plataea]]n allies defeat the [[First Persian invasion of Greece|first Persian invasion force of Greece]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Margiotta |first=Franklin D. |title=Brassey's Encyclopedia of Military History and Biography |place=Washington |publisher=Brassey's |year=1994 |isbn= 978-0-0288-1096-6 |page=386}}</ref>
* [[372]] &ndash; [[Sixteen Kingdoms]]: Sima Yao, age 10, succeeds his father [[Emperor Jianwen of Jin|Emperor Jianwen]] as [[Emperor Xiaowu of Jin|Emperor Xiaowu]] of the [[Jin dynasty (266–420)|Eastern Jin dynasty]].
*[[1213]] &ndash; [[Albigensian Crusade]]: [[Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester]], defeats [[Peter II of Aragon]] at the [[Battle of Muret]].
*[[1229]] &ndash; [[Battle of Portopí]]: The Aragonese army under the command of [[James I of Aragon]] disembarks at [[Santa Ponça]], [[Mallorca]], with the purpose of conquering the island.
*[[1297]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Alcañices]], mediated by the pope, between the king [[Denis of Portugal]] and king [[Ferdinand IV of Castile]] defines the border between the two countries and establishes an alliance of friendship.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Vann |first1=Theresa M. |editor1-last=Gerli |editor1-first=E. Michael |title=Medieval Iberia: An Encyclopedia |date=4 December 2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-77162-0 |pages=48 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=euVJAgAAQBAJ |access-date=30 September 2024 |language=en |chapter=Treaty of Alcañices}}</ref>
*[[1309]] &ndash; The [[First siege of Gibraltar]] takes place in the context of the Spanish [[Reconquista]] pitting the forces of the [[Kingdom of Castile]] against the [[Emirate of Granada]] resulting in a Castilian victory.